定語從句最新課件
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定語從句課件篇一
一、設(shè)計背景
1． 初步掌握及運用定語從句，如讓學(xué)生用定語從句來完成對人物喜歡的人物進行描述，如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。
2． 本課的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)就是能初步掌握及運用定語從句，為了使學(xué)生順利地完成教學(xué)任務(wù)，教師以學(xué)生為主體，為學(xué)生設(shè)計了幾個以他們的認知水平出發(fā)的符合生活實際的他們感興趣的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的子任務(wù)，每個子任務(wù)緊緊圍繞總?cè)蝿?wù)展開，再深入，在一個一個完成任務(wù)的活動中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力。
二．教學(xué)目標
（1）語言目標：能用定語從句較自如地描述及談?wù)撊撕臀铩Ｔ诨顒又杏?xùn)練學(xué)生的聽力，口頭表達能力，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察，想象和創(chuàng)造力。
（2）情感目標：促進同學(xué)間積極合作交流，發(fā)展同學(xué)間的友誼 。
2．教學(xué)方法 ：多媒體的運用能創(chuàng)設(shè)真實的語言情景，學(xué)生也很感興趣，極大地鼓動了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性，而且呈現(xiàn)在課堂上能使教學(xué)更生活化，也更直觀和具體。
三、教學(xué)方法
以學(xué)生為主體，用多媒體輔助教學(xué)，通過幫助學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語從句，由于本節(jié)課是學(xué)生第一次系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)定語從句，要達到讓學(xué)生初步掌握定語從句這一目的。
四、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)、自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)
五、教學(xué)過程
第一環(huán)節(jié)： 觀察以下例句：
1.The red pen is broken.
2.The pen on the desk is broken.
3.The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.
導(dǎo)入：通過對定語的理解，導(dǎo)入定語、定語從句的概念，定語：用來修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或句子，當修飾詞是一個句子時被稱為定語從句。通常置于它所修飾的詞之后，這種被修飾的詞叫做先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中可用作主語、賓語、定語等，關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中只用作狀語。
例句分析：
I like to have friends who are like me.
I like to have friends who are different from me.
He is the only one who is studying French.
Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.
He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.
I like musicians who play different kinds of music.
Another that he found very difficult is grammar.
The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.
Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.
I like music that I can sing along with.
I like music that has great lyrics.
I like music that I can dance to.
得出結(jié)論1)當先行詞是物時
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時，用which/that引導(dǎo)，且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作賓語時，用which/that引導(dǎo)，且可以省略.
2)當先行詞是人時
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時，用who/that引導(dǎo)，且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時，用who/that/whom引導(dǎo)，且可以省略.
第二環(huán)節(jié)：在學(xué)生對定語從句有了初步的了解后，創(chuàng)設(shè)情境，學(xué)以致用，讓學(xué)生分組活動，根據(jù)多媒體呈現(xiàn)的情境，有創(chuàng)造性地造句：
This is a singer who/that …
who is a boy.
who is very shy.
who writes his own songs.
who has a song calledQinghuaci.
Who I like best.
It’s an animal that/which is very strong.
It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.
It’s an animal that/which I like very much.
第三環(huán)節(jié)：在學(xué)生對一般的規(guī)律都把握好以后，把學(xué)生的易錯點和定語從句的考點呈現(xiàn)在屏幕上，讓學(xué)生仔細觀察并作出總結(jié)，該環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計得很好，很好地訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察能力和主動探究的能力，效果較好。
仔細觀察：你會發(fā)現(xiàn)什么？
1) I prefershoesthat are cool.
2) I likea pizzathat is really delicious.
3) I lovesingerswho are beautiful.
4) I havea friendwho plays sports.
學(xué)生觀察后得出的結(jié)論為：
who/that在定語從句中做主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。
第四環(huán)節(jié)：小節(jié)本堂課的內(nèi)容
什么是定語？
什么是定語從句？
定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么？
關(guān)系詞有幾重作用？
此環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生對所學(xué)的知識加以升華，并在大腦里形成知識框架，把知識系統(tǒng)化。
第五五環(huán)節(jié)：鞏固練習(xí)---以檢查學(xué)生是否真正掌握本堂課的知識，實踐證明，學(xué)生掌握得很好。
第六環(huán)節(jié)：合作探究
留給學(xué)生的問題
1.如果先行詞既有人又有物，用什么關(guān)系詞？
2.如果先行詞是時間，用什么關(guān)系詞？
3.如果先行詞是地點，用什么關(guān)系詞？
4.關(guān)系詞whose怎么用？
通過此環(huán)節(jié)給學(xué)生留下思維拓展的空間，也為以后的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊，體現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)的延續(xù)性。
課堂小結(jié)：通過例子讓學(xué)生總結(jié)定語從句的規(guī)律和特點，同時總結(jié)不同關(guān)系詞的用法。在這節(jié)課中，學(xué)生對定語從句這一語法項目有了不同程度的鞏固和深化。
六、課后反思：
提倡任務(wù)型教學(xué)活動，是為了讓學(xué)生們在教師的指導(dǎo)下，通過感知，體驗，實踐，參與合作等方式，力求最大限度地把語言能力的培養(yǎng)落實到教學(xué)過程的每一個環(huán)節(jié)，逐步實現(xiàn)預(yù)定的任務(wù)目標并感受成功。我在這堂課的設(shè)計里要求自己新穎別致，突出故事的完整性，要有一氣呵成的感覺，重點落實，定語從句自始至終貫穿每個環(huán)節(jié)，活而不亂，生動有趣，貼近生活，氣氛活躍。能發(fā)揮學(xué)生們的主體互動性和能動性，在完成任務(wù)的過程中能積極參與。課后感覺任務(wù)型教學(xué)有所體現(xiàn)，學(xué)生們積極性高，參與面廣，訓(xùn)練量較大，能初步運用定語從句。
但在教學(xué)過程中，我意識到：有個別學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)太差，雖在課堂中他們也積極參與，但有時很盲目，甚至不知道老師和同學(xué)們在進行什么內(nèi)容，從他們的目光和神態(tài)中，我了解到他們對知識的渴求，我暗自告訴自己，一定要幫助他們，這很難，但一定要堅持，決不放棄。
定語從句課件篇二
Ⅰ. 定義
定語從句，起形容詞的`作用，在句中常用來修飾名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞稱為先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞稱為關(guān)系詞, 關(guān)系詞的作用一是放在先行詞與定語從句中間起引導(dǎo)作用;二是在意義上代替先行詞,并在從句中充當一個成分。其中關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as；關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why。
eg. She is the girl who sings best of all.
The pen which my uncle gave me is missing.
He lives in a house whose windows face south.
The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.
Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.
Ⅱ. 關(guān)系代詞
1.先行詞是人，作主語，關(guān)系代詞用who, that
eg. He is a man（ ） never leaves today’s work till tomorrow.
The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.
2. 先行詞是人，作賓語，關(guān)系代詞用 whom, who, that,
eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.
The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.
3. 先行詞是物，作主語，關(guān)系代詞用which, that
eg . The train （ ） has just left is for Guangzhou.
Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.
4. 先行詞是物，作賓語，關(guān)系代詞用which, that,或省略
eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.
The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.
5. 先行詞是人、物，作定語，關(guān)系代詞用whose
eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson.
China, （ ） population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast.
Ⅲ. 關(guān)系副詞
1.先行詞是表示時間的名詞，在定從中作時間狀語，關(guān)系代詞用when
eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad.
I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army.
2.先行詞是表示地點的名詞，在定從中作地點狀語，關(guān)系代詞用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地點名詞，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度時，也需用where
eg. This is the village （ ） Uncle Wang once lived.
They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other.
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane.
3. 先行詞是reason，在定從中作原因狀語，關(guān)系代詞用why
eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late.
None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting.
4.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞也可以用“適當介詞 + which”來代替。
eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when （ = ） the People’s Republic of China was founded.
This is the factory where（= ） we worked a year ago.
I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school.
Ⅳ. 關(guān)系代詞that & which的區(qū)別:
⒈ 只用that的情況
① 先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代詞時。
eg. There is nothing ( ) can prevent him from doing it.
② 先行詞被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修飾時。
eg. This is the very book ( ) I’m looking for.
③ 先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時。
eg. The first place ( ) they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
This is the best film ( ) I have ever seen.
④ 先行詞既有人又有物時。
eg. He talked about things and persons ( ) they remembered in the school.
⑤ 先行詞被the only, the very修飾時。
eg. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner ( ) he knows.
⑥ 句中已有who或which,為了避免重復(fù)時。
eg. Who is the man ( ) is standing beside Tom?
⒉ 不能用 that的情況：
① 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；
eg. He had failed in the maths exam , ( ) made his father very angry.
② 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞。
eg. This is the room in（ ） my father lived last year.
Ⅴ. as引導(dǎo)定語從句時的用法(as 相當于that & which)
① as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結(jié)構(gòu)中。
eg. This is the same book ( ) I lent you.
Such machines ( ) are used in our workshop are made in China.
② as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置靈活，用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
eg. ( ) I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.
Tai·wan, ( ) we all know, belongs to China.
Ⅵ. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的主要區(qū)別:
限制性定語從句: 一般緊跟在先行詞后面,不用逗號把從句與先行詞分隔開來。使先行詞的意思十分明確,成為特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就會失去意義不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能說明問題。通常譯為定語。
非限制性定語從句: 通常由逗號與句子其他成分隔開。只是對先行詞作進一步的說明,沒有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常譯為并列的句子。
eg. I was the only person in our office （ ） was invited.（去掉定語從句，意思就不完整）
Tom’s father, （ ） is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯）
Ⅶ. 分隔定語從句
即先行詞與關(guān)系代詞、副詞之間被介詞短語，同位語，謂語等分隔開來。
此種定語從句，在選擇關(guān)系詞時，要注意找準先行詞。
eg. There is an expression in his eyes （ ）I can’t understand.
I was the only person in my office ( ) was invited to the important ball.
I suggest you choose someone I think ( ) is very kind and friendly.
選擇填空：
1. It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A. that B. when C. since D. before
2.)Gutter oil is illegally recycled cooking oil, contains chemicals that are harmful to the human body and can even cause cancer.
A. it B. which C. where D. that
3. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
4. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.
A. they B. where C. what D. that
5. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, it will keep for two or three weeks.
A. when B. which C. where D. while
6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ------- uses it somewhat differently.
A. which B. what C. them D. those
7. A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A. when B. that C. where D. there
8. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ------ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which B. where C. what D. who
9 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ------ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this B. that C. what D. which
10. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ------ had taken more than three years.
A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which
11. The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
12.He was so pleased with all we had done for him he wrote us a letter to praise for it.
A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; that
13.The moon travels round the earth once every month, is known to everybody.
A. it B. as C. that D. what
14. is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.
A. That B. Which C. As D. It
15.After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life ------- you need to decide what to do.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
16.The novel was completed in 1978, the economic system has seen great changes.
A. when B. during which C. since thenD. since when
17.Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds have ever lived.
A. which B. who C.不填 D. that
18.The world is made up of matter.
A. in that we live B. on which we live
C. where we live in D. we live in
19.David is such a good boy all the teachers like.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
20.Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way he spoke to me.
A. how B. that C. what D. which
22.That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
23.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ------- I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
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