Unit1
1. settle an argument: put an end to an argument解決爭(zhēng)端、糾紛
2. send in寄去（處理）
3. set down:○1 write down記下，寫下 ○2放下，停車讓乘客下車 聯(lián)想短語(yǔ)：set about doing開始，著手
set out to do著手開始，出發(fā)
set off（for）動(dòng)身，起程（去）
set aside留出，把…置于一旁
set up建立，樹立
set back 退步，挫折，阻礙
4. keep track of: keep in touch with與…保持聯(lián)系 Lose track of 失去聯(lián)系
5.moustache: 上嘴唇的胡子
beard:下巴上的胡子，絡(luò)腮胡子
6. draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論
7.hire: employ雇傭 fire
8.reach a lengthheightdepthwidth of
長(zhǎng)度、高度、深度、寬度（名詞）
eg.○1Water was found at a depth of 30meters.
○2They dug down to a depth of 2 meters.
○3It’s about 10meters in depth.
=It’s about 10meters deep.
=It has a depth of 10meter.
9.be suitable for適合，恰當(dāng)
10.set/hold/break a record
11.stand out顯眼，突出，杰出
outstanding(a.)優(yōu)秀的，杰出的，出色的
12.Impressive as the record is, it fades next…
=Though the record is impressive, it fades...
As引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)倒裝，把從句中的狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)提到as之前，如果從句的表語(yǔ)是名詞，則在名詞前不加任何冠詞。
eg.Child as he is, he has to make a living by himself.=Though he is a child, he has to…
比較：As he is a child, he doesn’t have to worry about life.由于他還是個(gè)小孩子……
13.be diagnosed with被診斷為
14.in a row連續(xù)幾次地
15.lead sb. to do導(dǎo)致、誘使某人做某事
lead to(prep.) sth/doing導(dǎo)致
16.in the first place:○1用于句尾，當(dāng)初○2用于句首，第一，首先(in the second/third/… place)
17.apply (to sb.) for 申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求
18.fascinate深深吸引、迷住 fascinated(a.)入迷的，極感興趣的
19.burst/break into 突然開始（笑、哭等）
20.concentrate on 集中精力于，聚精會(huì)神
21.center/focus on把…當(dāng)中心,使成為中心
22.sth be familiar to sb.熟悉的
Sb. be familiar with sth.
23.head(v.) （for）前往，朝向
24.have sth to do with和…有關(guān)
Unit2
1.take possession of:占有擁有 possess(vt.)
in possession of某人擁有……
in the possession of某物被某人擁有，占有
2.in the name of sb.=in one’s name 以…名義
3.masses of +可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞: 大量
4.be rich in含有豐富的…，大量含有
5.dig up挖出，挖掘
6.expect to do期待；預(yù)料，預(yù)計(jì)
7.risk one’s life冒生命危險(xiǎn)
8.be equipped with: be armed with用…裝備
9.form/lay the foundation(for)（為…）奠定基礎(chǔ)
10.puzzle(n.&vt.)謎，使困惑，使迷惑
puzzled(a.)感到困惑的，迷惑的
puzzling(a.)令人困惑的，迷惑的
11. before long：soon不久
long before很久以前
It was not long before+句子 ：不久就…
12.It is well known that…眾所周知
13.in exchange for交換
14.develop into發(fā)展成為
15.be taken prisoner被俘虜，被關(guān)起來
16.make a voyage/journey/trip
go on a voyage/journey/trip
17.be ripe for時(shí)機(jī)成熟
18.height○1高度○2最高水平，最強(qiáng)點(diǎn)
19.command/order sb. to do 指揮，命令
command/order that sb.(should) do
under one’s command在某人的指揮下
=under the command of sb.
20.set sail (from/for/to)起航
21.excite(vt.)激發(fā)，引發(fā)，引起
22.response(n.) to(prep.) 回復(fù)，回答
respond(vi.) to(prep.)
23.in return (for)作為（對(duì)…的）回報(bào)，回應(yīng)
in turn 依次，輪流，逐個(gè)
24.建議：suggest doing
suggest that sb.(should) do
表明，暗示：suggest that+真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣的從句
25.at an altitude of=at a height of在…的高度
26.apart from○1except for除了（排除在外）
○2besides, in addition to除了…還（包括在內(nèi)）
27.adjust to(prep.)適應(yīng)
28.be ideal/perfect for完美的，理想的
29.the first（…） to do 第一個(gè)做某事的…
30.make an attempt to do試圖，嘗試
in an attempt to do
31.refer to○1提到，談及○2指的是○3查閱，參考
32.run out: be used up耗盡，用光
33.arise-arose-arisen(vi.)發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)
rise-rose-risen(vi.)上升，升起
raise-raised-raised(vt.)升起，飼養(yǎng)，籌措
34.on/upon (one’s) return/arrival一回來/到達(dá)就
35.praise sb. for/as表?yè)P(yáng)
36.bring up撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育；提出
bring in引進(jìn)
Unit3
1.make up○1組成 be made up of=consist of由…組成○2彌補(bǔ)○3化妝○4編造，虛構(gòu)
2.people○1民族，種族。復(fù)數(shù)為peoples
○2人們，前不加the 單復(fù)數(shù)
○3人民，前需加the 同形
3.be harmful to(prep.)=be bad for對(duì)…有害
do harm (n.)to(prep.)
harm (vt.)sb./sth
4.as a consequence/result(of)因此，作為…的結(jié)果
5.have an influence/effect on=
influence/affect(vt.)sb./sth.對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響
6.transform…into/to :change into轉(zhuǎn)換
7.A&B differ (from each other)
=A differs from B不同，相異
=A is different from B
8.break out突然爆發(fā)
9.Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia …
現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作比謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作早.
10. lay(vt.)-laid-laid-laying 放；下蛋
lie(vi.)-lay-lain-lying 躺
lie-lied-lied-lying 說謊
11.feed(…)on喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)
12.give birth to生孩子，產(chǎn)仔
13.倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法：
○1Tom is twice as old as Jerry.
○2Tom is twice older than Jerry.
○3Tom is twice the age of Jerry.
○4Tom’s age is twice that of Jerry.復(fù)數(shù)用those
14.keep out (of)不進(jìn)入，留在外面，把…關(guān)外面
15.round up: gather together使聚集，聚攏
Unit4
1. classify into: group分類 class等級(jí)，種類
后綴-fy(vt.)：identify/satisfy/terrify/horrify
2. be born into/to出生于
3. lead/live a cozy life過著舒適的生活
4. have an appetite for: have a strong desire for有強(qiáng)烈的愿望
5. appoint sb. as任命，委任
6. firstly, secondly, thirdly：同first, second, third（用于列舉）第一，第二，第三
7. look/watch out (for)當(dāng)心，留心尋覓
8. on a large scale大規(guī)模，大范圍
9. from behind his desk幕后
10. involve卷入 be involved in有關(guān)聯(lián)
11. elect sb. (as) sth選舉，推舉
12. a great deal of+不可數(shù)名詞。大量
13. at great/vast /little/no expense花費(fèi)大/小
at one’s expense:paid for by sb.由某人花錢
14. pass away/on（婉辭）去世，亡故
15. name after按…命名
16. in one’s youth在某人年少的時(shí)候
17. deserve sth值得，應(yīng)得，不用進(jìn)行時(shí)
deserve to do sth
18. carry out /conduct/do/ perform an experiment做實(shí)驗(yàn)
19. concern(v.)○1涉及○2使擔(dān)憂
concerning(prep.): about關(guān)于，涉及
20. pass on○1轉(zhuǎn)交，傳給○2去世
21. consider (to be)+a./n.認(rèn)為
consider doing考慮
24. year after year年年
25. in detail詳細(xì)地