Unit 3 Science versus nature (Part I)
I. Words:
1. announcement n. 口頭通知 草擬書面通知 _____________________
make an announcement發（口頭）通知 a TV announcer _____________________
announce和declare的辨析：
announce 宣布 固定結構是announce sth. to sb.，不可以是announce sb. sth.；
declare宣布 （如公開聲明戰爭/和平/中立等，較正式的場合），和announce有時可互換。
The Declaration of Independence 《獨立宣言》 The court _____________ him guilty / innocent.
The teacher _______ to us that there would be a celebration for the 80th anniversary of our school.
The super power ____________war against that small country in April, 2003.
Everyone was silent as the chairperson ___________ the results of the Spoken English Contest.
2. advanced 高級的；先進的；發達的 advanced countries/technologies/courses/studies
與時俱進 _________________________ 高級教師 a senior teacher （比較senior和advanced）
in advance _________________________ 同義詞組：______________ ；_________________
make great advances ________________ 同義詞組：__________________________________
3. including 用include或contain的正確形式試填下列各空：
This book ____________ forty maps, ______________ three maps of China.
Whisky _________ a large percentage of alcohol.
He was upset about losing the key to the drawer _____________ important documents.
In the air crash in Brazil, 197 people died, _____ the 9 on the ground/the 9 on the ground________
4. praise n./vt. 表揚；贊揚 praise sb. for sth. 反義詞組：____________；__________________
sing high praise for_______________ 同義詞組：______________________________________
反義詞組有：____________________________________________________________________
The leader spoke in praise of the teacher who had given his life for the education cause.
與in praise of 結構相同的短語有：__________________________________________________
5. interfere vi. 干涉；干預；擺弄；妨礙 固定搭配：interfere with sb./sth. interfere in sth.
你曾經因為玩樂而妨礙了你的職責嗎？Do you ever allow pleasure to interfere ________ duty?
Who has been interfering _____ the clock? It has stopped. 是誰擺弄這個鐘來著？現在不走了。
請不要干涉我的事。 __________________ 別妨礙我。________________________________
不干涉他國內政。________________________________________________________________
在他工作的時候不要打擾他。______________________________________________________
6. cure vt. 治療；治愈 慣用搭配有：cure sb. of a disease 類似結構的短語還有：
rob sb. of sth. ___________ cheat sb. of sth.___________ ensure sb of sth. ____________
remind sb. of sth.________ inform sb. of sth. _________ persuade sb. of sth. __________
convince sb. of sth.______ 短語翻譯：患上不治之癥 _______________________________
他在醫院接受了三個月的治療，但是醫生沒能治好他的病。（選詞造句treat/treatment, cure）
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. anxiety n. 焦慮；擔心 n. 渴望；欲望 試譯出下列斜體短語的意思：
He was waiting for his brother’s return with anxiety (= anxiously).
Jackson’s poor performances at school caused his parents great anxiety. (give anxiety to)
Although his grades are not so satisfactory, he seems to feel no anxiety for his future.
The teacher praised him for his anxiety for knowledge.
The manager’s anxiety to please his boss turned out to be a failure.
be anxious to do /be anxious for sth.__________類似的短語有：hope for/to do; desire for/to do;
long for/to do; die for/to do; have an itch for/to do; be eager for/to do; feel an urge to do
8. desperate adj. 絕望的；孤注一擲的； adv. desperately
A desperate look appeared on the face of the patient with a desperate disease.
a desperate cry for help__________________ a desperate criminal _______________________
a desperate situation _____________ feel a desperate urge to tell the truth__________________
be desperate for recognition/water ___________________________________________________
9. adopt (vt.) 收養，領養；采用，采納（議案、意見等）
adopt measures/ new methods/ an idea 采取措施/ 采用新辦法/ 采納意見
adopt a resolution _____________ an adopted son ___________ adopted words _____________
The medicine was developed _______ the most advanced technique in the world.（適當形式填空）
adopt/adapt辨析： adapt 使適合；使適應 常見結構有： adapt…to…； adapt…for…
She had to adapt herself __________ the local conditions. 她必須使自己適應當地的情況。
This English novel was adapted ____________ the stage. 這部小說被改編成了劇本。
10. deliver vt. 接生；傳遞；發表（演講等） Her baby was delivered by an experienced doctor.
deliver sb. from danger ___________________ deliver sth. to sb. ________________________
deliver a message/ a letter_________________ deliver a speech _________________________
deliver sb. of a baby be delivered of = give birth to
11. benefit n. 利益；好處； vt.& vi. 有益于
be of benefit to = be beneficial to 對…有裨益 for the benefit of…為了…的利益
It is said Yoga is of great benefit to ___________ a fine figure.（用shape的正確形式填空）
The policy will benefit the whole nation. The whole nation will _______ _______ the policy.
為了學生的身心健康，我們學校兩公里范圍內的所有網吧將全部關閉。(for the benefit of)
______________________________________________________________________________
12. consequence as a consequence of 因為…；由于… 同義短語有：because of;
as a result of; on account of ; thanks to; due to; owing to等。 adv. consequently
13. challenging adj. 具有挑戰性的，難度大的 a challenging task/job
Their team challenged ours ________ a football match this Saturday afternoon.
A. to play B. playing C. to D. played
機遇與挑戰并存。我們要努力把握機遇，勇敢迎接挑戰。
_______________________________________________________________________________
14. unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
I’m unfamiliar with many botanical names. = Many botanical names are unfamiliar ________ me.
His familiarity with French gave me a big surprise. ______________________________________
II. Phrases:
1. conduct an interview
conduct an experiment _________ conduct electricity _________ conduct an orchestra ________
conduct a survey ______________ conduct sb. around the museum ________________________
conductor____________________ interviewer_______________ interviewee________________
a job interview _______________ have an interview with sb._________________________
2. beyond our imagination
beyond comparison ___________________ beyond one’s power__________________________
beyond praise ________________________ beyond (one’s) description ____________________
beyond (one’s) reach __________________ beyond one’s grasp/capacity ___________________
It is beyond argument (There is no doubt) that the earth moves around the sun.
I’m sorry it is beyond my power to make a final decision on the project. （2004上海高考）
This new model of car is so expensive that it is beyond the reach of those with average income.（2006江蘇高考）
-- What do you think of Mountain Lushan?
-- The scenery is beautiful ____________________________. （從上列短語中選擇并填空）
What lies beyond the mountain? / We can travel to the moon or beyond./beyond midnight_______
an imaginative writer = a writer full of ______________ an imaginary story _________________
Can you imagine _________________________________________ (伊拉克人民的窮苦生活)?
I can’t imagine such a fat man ________________ up a high mountain like this. （多項選擇題）
A. climb B. climbed C. climbing D. to climb E. should climb F. could climb
I just couldn’t imagine such a promising student ___________________ a thief. （多項選擇題）
3. around the world 全世界范圍內；同義短語有：all over the world; in the world ; across the
world; throughout the world; in every part/corner of the world等
4. on (the) one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……；另一方面……
注意：單獨使用on the other hand時，hand不能省略，但與on (the) one hand連用時，可省略
On one hand, rapid development of the economy will improve the living conditions of the people. On the other hand, it will speed up environmental destruction.
at hand __________ by hand__________ in hand___________ hand in hand___________
Hands off! _______ Hands up! _______ a green hand ______ left-handed____________
hand in__________ hand over ________ hand out__________ hand down ____________
from hand to hand ____________________ live from hand to mouth _____________________
5. point out 指出 He pointed out my mistake/the importance of self-discipline.
point to/point at 指著，指向某人或某物（兩個詞組可互換使用）
“Can’t you read by yourself?” she said ____________ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. angrily pointed C. pointed angrily D. to point angrily
point at 對準，瞄準 = aim at They pointed (a gun ) at her head but she was not scared.
point to 表明，指向(主語為證據、時針以及賓語為某一方向時)
The evidence points to him as the criminal. / The hands of the clock pointed to half past three.
The compass needle points to the north.
6. be used to save human lives
豆油過去常被用來點燈。 Soybean oil _____ _____ ______ _____ ______ burn a lamp.
你別著急，很快你就會適應這兒的氣候和環境的。_____________________________________
7. be on their way to producing a real-life Frankenstein’s monster
on one’s (the) way to doing sth. “正在……過程中” ；“即將” 同義短語：be on the point of doing
他即將成為一名大學生。__________________________________________________________
I’ve just heard a warning _________ the radio that a storm may be ________ its way.
A. on, on B. over, in C. on, above D. from, on
on one’s (the) way to ____________ by the way ____________ by way of________________
in a way ______________________ in this way ____________ in one’s (the) way _________
8. in early 2003
在19世紀初葉________________________ 在20世紀80年代晚期______________________
在凌晨時分 __________________________ 在傍晚時候 _______________________________
在初春時節___________________________ 仲夏夜之夢________________________________
在他年近花甲的時候___________________ 在他步入而立之時__________________________
9. in the animal world 動物界 the world of art/sport ____________ the film world______________
in the world of science = in the field of science ________________________________________
feel on top of the world ____________________ a world of surprise _______________________
10. in general 一般說來，總體看，大體上 Generally, red is the most popular color this season.
in a general way_______________________ as a general rule _________________________
11. scientific breakthrough
科學研究_________________ 科學成就________________ 科學進步 __________________
科學發現_________________ 科學發展觀 _________________________________________
查詞典：breakout__________ handover________ breakdown________ makeup _____________
12. consider cloning human beings
(1). 考慮 consider +n./v-ing consider a travel plan/changing a job.
I’m considering where I should go for the National Day holiday. （句型轉換）
I’m considering _______ _______ ________ for the National Day holiday.
(2). 認為consider…as/to be/不填…. 翻譯：林肯被認為是美國歷史上最偉大的總統之一。
_______________________________________________________________________________
類似的結構還有: have … as … ; regard … as… ; treat … as… ; think of … as/to be …;
look on … as…; refer to …be …等。
鄭和被認為是 “中國的哥倫布”。（refer）_____________________________________________
Bell was generally considered ____________ the telephone.
A. to invent B. inventing C. having invented D. to have invented
將上句改寫再比較總結：It was generally considered ____________________________________
_________ she’s only a beginner of English, she’s speaking quite well.
A. Considered B. Considering C. To consider D. to be considered
13. concentrate on 全神貫注 同義短語有：centre on, focus on, concentrate on, fix one’s attention on,
pay attention to, be absorbed/buried/lost/engaged in, be addicted to, devote one’s energy to,
put one’s heart into, apply oneself/one’s mind to
14. with the intention of 以…為目的或意圖， “in hopes of ”
He has decided to go abroad to study _________________________________________________
______________________________________（期望提高英語并且在回國能找到更好的工作。）
without intention _________________ make one’s intention clear __________________________
state/ announce one’s intention ______________________________________________________
I began reading with the intention of finishing the book, but I never did.
15. show no respect for show sympathy for_____________ show mercy on _________________
show around ____________ show off ______________ show up ______________________
16. be genetically related to me be related to 與…有關聯；與…有聯系
Can you relate what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind?
請列出與中國相關的所有鄰國。____________________________________________________
It is hard for a child to relate to the life of a scientist. 查詞典解釋斜體短語的意思：___________
relation (n.) 關系，聯系，家屬，親屬 in/with relation to 做后置定語時等同于related to
relative (adj.) 有關系的，相對的；相對而言________________________ (n.) 親戚，親屬
含義相近的短語結構有：(1) connect A with/to B (2) link A to B (3) associate A with B
17. push ahead with 推進；推進；毅然繼續做某事 還可以是：push ahead/ forward/ on with sth.
It is hard to push ahead with such an unpopular policy. 這樣不得人心的政策很難推行下去的。
push our way through the crowd ____________________ push sb. around _________________
push sb./ sth. over 使某人/某物倒下；推倒某人/某物
I’m not going to be pushed around by you or anybody.___________________________________
我們必須趕快做完我們的工作。___________________________________________________
18. focus their efforts on 努力做…… 同義短語：make effort to do sth. / spare no effort to do sth./
go all out to do sth. / do…to one’s strength /do everything (all; what) sb. can to do sth.
19. as well as (1). 和……一樣好 Peter plays football, if not better than, as well as Jack.
(2). 短語介詞， 連同……；和…… 可以用_____________ 或_____________進行替換。
Mr. Henderson, as well as his children, ____ fond of watching football matches on TV.（be填空）
Jackie Chan is my favorite film star, because he is diligent, warm-hearted and humorous as well.
(3). may as well… 不妨；不如（表建議語氣）
既來之，則安之。 Since/Now you’ve come, you may as well enjoy your stay.
20. end up replacing us end up 以……而告終；落得……下場
We couldn’t get along very well at first, but we ended up ____________________（成為好朋友）.
The young couple quarreled yesterday and the wife ended up _________________（大哭起來）.
If you continue to drive at such a speed, you’ll surely end up _________________（進醫院）.
After his years of research, the experiment ended up________________________（失敗告終）.
21. one day/some day/ the other day/another day 試填下列各空，可多選。
I’m quite occupied right now, perhaps we can discuss this issue __________.
I’m quite occupied right now, perhaps we can discuss this issue __________ next day.
_______________, a fairy lady came to the town and promised to dig a well for the locals.
I ran across an old friend of mine in the Times Extra _______________.
I’m confident that I will become something ______________________.
22. be delighted to have a mother
be surprised/disappointed/shocked/pleased/frightened/delighted to do sth. （表情緒的形容詞）
much to one’s delight/to one’s great delight ___________________________________________
類似的名詞還有：to one’s joy/surprise/disappointment/sorrow/satisfaction/anger/shock等
23. comment on your article comment (n.& vi.) 評論，評注
make (a comment)comments on sb./sth. = comment on/ upon/ about sb./sth. 評論某人（某事）
我們想讓觀眾來評價我們的新劇。__________________________________________________
24. be in complete agreement with 完全贊同
come to /arrive at / make /reach an agreement 達成協議 sign an agreement 簽署協議
25. after all （置句首，表強調理由）畢竟，終究，別忘了 （置句末，表與前句的轉折）
You shouldn’t have scolded the child so strictly. After all, he is just a boy in his teens.
We all thought that he would fail, but he succeeded after all.
外面雖下著瓢潑大雨，但他們還是去了海邊。_________________________________________
26. on a personal note 依我個人之見
in my opinion; from my point of view; as far as I know; as far as I’m concerned
27. come across = run into / run across
come into use ___________ come into being ____________ come into power_____________
come into sight/view______ come into effect ____________ come about_________________
come out _______________ come on __________________ come up with _______________
不要每次閱讀時一碰到生詞就查詞典。 _____________________________________________
When it comes to helping his mother with housework, Jack never grumbles.
試譯上句，注意斜體部分的用法和意思，并從《學英語》報第四期第一版找出該結構的語句填寫在此行：____________________________________________________________________
28. strict laws should be put in place 嚴格的法規應該施行
put … in place 實施；執行= put …into practice /effect; bring …into practice/effect; carry out
put up _______________ put down_________________ put forward ________________
put out ______________ put off ________________ put away __________________
put aside_____________ put the blame on ________
29. introduce tighter laws
Is Mr. Smith here? Will he stand up and make himself ________________ to us? （introduce）
When first _________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （2004全國高考）
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced
30. be made up of many small parts
The committee is made up of five members. =The committee _________ ________ five members.
Girls make up one third of the whole class. / I won’t listen to you. You are making up a story.
Matthew was sick last week and now he is trying to make up for the missing lessons.
31. compare your body to your school life 將你的身體比作學校生活
表示“比較”，結構為compare…with/to… 表示“比作”，結構為compare…to…
When _____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without
noticing the many similarities. （2006浙江高考）
A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared
__________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2004湖北高考） A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
Shall I compare thee to a hot summer day? ___________________________________________
莎士比亞曾把人生比作大舞臺。____________________________________________________
32. the life you lead at school lead a rich/happy/miserable/simple life 過著…樣的生活，也可用live
III. Important sentences:
1. I look just like my brother, that’s because I am a clone.
①---What is Tom like? ---He is handsome and kind.
②---What does Tom look like? ---He is handsome, just like Beckham.
③---How does Tom like the film? (=What does Tom think of/like about the film?) ---Interesting!
The reason____ Steven Spielberg couldn’t enter a film academy was ____ his grades were too low.
_______ Steven Spielberg couldn’t enter a film academy was __________ his grades were too low.
Steven Spielberg’s grades were too low. That was ________ he couldn’t enter a film academy.
Steven Spielberg couldn’t enter a film academy. That was_________ his grades were too low.
2. While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are already
pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.
While I show pity on the the victims in the southeastern Asian hurricane, I can’t help them but to
give away my pocket money.
One of my good friends is going to stay in my house for a few days while I’m away on holiday.
Many people are wasting food while many others are suffering from starvation.
Johnson has many good friends while I have none.
I do every bit of housework _____ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. （04廣西）
We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ______, in fact, there were 40.（06全國高考）
3. He has declared that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.
Mr. Yang Liwei was the first Chinese astronaut to travel into space.
The Maori people were the first to settle in New Zealand.
Christine is a diligent student and she is always the first to come and the last to leave.
4. After this comes the heart. 完全倒裝句
在兩座花園之間坐落著的是我們的教學樓。__________________________________________
農舍的門口坐著一個小男孩。______________________________________________________
小偷奪門而逃。________________________ 鳥兒飛走了。______________________________
巴士來了。____________________________ 他來了。__________________________________
Unit 3 Science versus nature (Part II)
I. Words:
1. trap n. 陷阱；圈套 vt. 使……受困 捕鼠器 a mouse-trap
fall into a trap ____________________ set a trap for sb. ________________________
be trapped in _____________________ 同義短語有：be caught in; be stuck in
困于電梯中__________________ 遭雨_________________ 身陷泥沼__________________
2. prove vt.&vi. 證明；證明是；結果是
Benjamin Franklin’s experiment proved to be a great scientific breakthrough. (=______________)
Benjamin Franklin just wanted to prove that thunderstorm is caused by…
It has been proven that he is guilty. / He has proven himself (to be) an efficient employee.
The suspect was released due to a lack of sufficient _________________. (詞形變化：prove )
3. otherwise 試解釋下列三句中斜體單詞的含義。
Do what you’ve been told, otherwise you shall get punished.
The rent is high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory. （短語解釋：____________________）
He should have been working now, but he is otherwise occupied.（短語解釋：_____________）
4. behave vt.& vi. 行為；舉止 n. __________________
The mother felt ashamed because the child behaved so badly at the dinner party.
Behave yourself! _________________ a well-behaved gentleman_____________________
5. cautious adj. 小心謹慎的 常用結構是：be cautious about/of …
花錢仔細____________________________ 提防陌生人_____________________________
在白水漂流的時候，千萬要當心不要觸礁。
_____________________________________________________________________________
On rainy days at the entrance to the office building, there will be a sign ________ “Caution: Wet
floor”. (用read正確形式填空)
6. alternative n.& adj. 可替換之物；可選擇之物；可替換的；可選擇的
Plastic containers are cheaper alternatives to the metal ones in the old days.
你的提議沒有變通的余地了嗎？_________________________________________________
You have the alternative of working hard and being successful or of not working hard and being
unsuccessful.（此處等同于choice）
7. involve vt. 使……卷入；包含
The man is under arrest because he ______________ in a bribery scandal.（時態語態填空題）
Nurse is a job _______________ great patience. （用短語解釋________________________）
你最好不要讓自己卷入這場紛爭當中去。________________________________________
He was involved in working out a plan. ____________________________________________
8. representative n. 代表 vt. represent 注意與stand for 的區別
The representatives from the two companies are having a negotiation over the damage caused by
an accident of ship sinking.
The letters UNESCO ________ the United Nations Education Science and Culture Organization.
UNESCO _________________ the United Nations Education Science and Culture Organization.
Tian Liang and Hu Jia _______________ China to compete in the World Diving Championship.
9. advocate n.& vt. 倡導者；倡導 He advocates lengthening the time of evening classes.
an advocate for the civil rights 民權的擁護者
我們的總理主張提高教師的工資。__________________________________________________
10. conclude vt.&vi. 結束 = put an end to; come to an end n. 結論 ____________________
He concluded his speech by wishing us a happy new year.
第十屆全運會在國歌聲中落下帷幕。________________________________________________
得出結論： _________________________________________________________ a conclusion
to conclude 總而言之 同義短語有：________________________________________________
11. urge n.& vt. 催促；敦促 最常見搭配：urge sb. to do sth.
urge a horse on/onward 策馬而馳 have/feel an urge /no urge to travel____________________
媽媽催我早點上床休息。_________________________________________________________
12. seek vt.& vi. 尋求；找尋 job-seeking ________ look for; hunt for; search …for…
seek shelter from the rain ________________ seek help/advice/ a chance___________________
13. argue argue with sb. about/over sth. argue against/for 為支持/反對…而據理力爭
Medical specialists are arguing about the cause of SARS.
The National Day holiday is around the corner, the students are arguing for a 7-day off.
They argued against the use of death penalty on murderers.
It is beyond argument that… ……是無可爭辯的
II. Phrases:
1. on your part 對你來說 = as for you/ as to you
The agreement has been kept on my part, but not on his._________________________________
2. burn out 燒光；燒盡 burn down 燒毀 burn up the garden rubbish ________________
他最終趕到時，只發現自己的房子燒毀了，所有的家具都已蕩然無存。（選詞組造句）
He arrived at last only ____________________________________________________________
3. take turns to ask and answer the questions
take turns to do/doing sth. 輪流做某事 = do sth. in turn/by turns
On the trip back home, we took turns driving/to drive the car. …we drove in turn/by turns.
turn down __________ turn out ___________ turn over ___________ turn up ______________
4. with reference to 參照；參考 參考書：____________________
You’ll get paid with reference to the regulations concerned. ______________________________
5. follow in their footsteps 跟風做……；學……做…… 用follow的正確形式填空。
Some film stars dye their hairs brown, which leads to many teenagers _________in their footsteps.
6. the majority of people minority n. 少數
The/A majority of children like the food in KFC. / The majority is /are against the plan.
7. end this immoral practice immediately 立即結束這種不道德的做法。 practice n. 做法
（2005全國高考試題閱讀理解A篇）Sue Chaseling of Petcare Information Service said that the
practice of keeping office pets was good both for the people and the pets.
8. donate a lot to the hungry people donate vt. 捐贈 n. donation
donate…to… 捐贈 同義短語：devote…to… ; give away…to…; contribute…to…
9. for a long time
in ancient times__________ in modern times _________ in Shakespeare’s time ___________
at the same time__________ during the wartime_______ at no time =by no means_________
once upon a time_________ How time flies!__________ in times of peace _______________
in no time _____________ (right away; at once; immediately)
at times 時而不時地 (from time to time; now and then; sometimes; occasionally)
Don’t speak at a time. At one time (= in the past), he came to my house every day.
It’s the first time that I _______________ (be) in Shanghai.
It’s time for you to go to school now. = It’s time that you _______ ________ ________ now.
當我第一次坐飛機旅行時，我感覺到有點頭暈。
When I traveled by plane_________________, I felt a little bit dizzy.
______________________I traveled by plane, I felt a little bit dizzy.
10. natural resources 自然資源
自然災害 _____________ 違背自然_______________ 自然公園___________________
11. in favor of 支持；贊成 I am in favor of stopping work right now.
Most people were not as much in favor of the new regulation as was previously thought/expected.
do sb. a favor ____________________ win the favor of the king _______________________
12. meet our own needs 滿足我們的需要 satisfy/meet one’s need/desire
13. at a fast rate 以較快的速率 the interest rate 利率
Maglev train can run at an amazing speed of 420 km/h.
In order to return for the Spring Festival early, the young man sold the beef at a low price.
14. be blamed for blame sb. for sth. 因……責備…… He was blamed for breaking the glass.
你該對這個被寵壞的孩子負責。_________________________________________________
15. leave a lasting impression leave/make a …impression on 給……留下……印象
What impressed you most when you traveled around Hangzhou?
The West Lake left a deep impression on my mind with its special charm.
III. Important sentences:
1. He must have been working too hard to notice.
must用于對現在或過去的情況進行推測，語氣比較強烈，也可用may/might替代。其在否
定句和疑問句中的替代詞是can.
be + n./adj. 或do You must like beer very much, ____________?
（一般現在時） You must be tired, _____________?
You wear a pair of glasses, you must be a student, ___________?
must be doing
（現在） （現在進行時） The light in the office is still on, Mr. Xu must be preparing
lessons, ___________?
have done Tom is watching TV, and he must have finished homework,
（現在完成時） ____________?
have been +n/adj. You must have been very tired then after such a long trip, ______?
或have done The ground is wet, it must have rained last night, _____________?
（一般過去時）
must have been doing -I tried to call you at 8:00 last night, but I couldn’t get through.
（過去） （過去進行時） -Oh, someone must have been using the telephone.
have done -When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.
（過去完成時， -I suppose it must have begun 30 minutes before, ___________?
同一般過去時）
He __________ the meeting yesterday afternoon, as he was at home looking after his sick child.
A. mustn’t have attended B. couldn’t have attended
C. shouldn’t have attended D. needn’t have attended
How _________he have finished such heavy work within one day?
A. must B. should C. could D. need
2. The very genes that make crops resistant to pests and disease could be harmful to animals.
be resistant to… 對……有抵制力/抵抗力 resist the temptation 抵制誘惑
由于農民一直向田里噴灑農藥導致一些害蟲對農藥具有強抗藥性。
_____________________________________________________________________________
對……有好處： be good for; be beneficial to; do good to…; do… much good
對……有害處： be bad for; be harmful to; do harm to…; do… great harm; cause/do damage to
Farmers have been spraying pesticide and some pests in the field are now strongly resistant to it.
3. research has been limited to increasing profits, rather than ensuring safety./Many developed
nations are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it.
rather than; more than; other than;
Media do ______________ just record what happens at home and aboard.
The farmer decided to sell his tomatoes at a low price _____________ carry them back home.
In no countries_____________ Britain does the weather change so sharply within a day.
I have no desire _____________to live a quite life, free from pressure.
4. Not everything that is best for nature is good for people. （翻譯該句）當not和each; every;
both; all連用時表示部分否定。若表示兩者的全部否定用neither; 三者或以上用none.
Everything that is best for nature is not good for people. __________________________________
發光的并非都是金子。____________________________________________________________
5. We are moving towards an important point of understanding in our relationship with nature.
There didn’t seem much point in working on my PhD - I didn’t expect to survive that long.
攻讀博士學位對我（霍金）似乎沒什么意義了，我沒有期望活那么久。
He was on the point of leaving the office ______________ the telephone rang.
A. when B. while C. as D. for
a case in point _____________________ keep to the point ______________________________
go off the point ____________________ a turning-point ________________________________