Unit 5-Unit 6
知識梳理
Ⅰ.網絡構建
詞匯 單詞 *consist state powerful mistaken narrow unknown republic Europe form *Atlantic general *influence basis *inland *conquer *upper union judge queen cigarette proof own foot employ sheet grain westwards *approach historical *prediction exact *forecast ensure *system *consumer *reform necessity crowded goods tiny *cashre main importance regular medical deal *physician cure educator distance lifelong hopeful well-prepared *cheat *wrist programme reality
詞組 *consist of be made up of make the most of hold together in general keep in touch with... pay attention to deal with in store
語法 名詞性從句
Ⅱ.重點精講
●重點單詞
1.cure
例句集錦
v.
（1）This medicine has cured thousands of people.
此藥治療好了成千上萬的人。
The doctor cured him of cancer.
醫生治愈了他的癌癥。
（2）What can’t be cured must be endured.
［諺］無能為力之事只得忍耐。
It seems that nobody can cure me of smoking.
似乎沒有人能使我戒煙。
The shock of losing my purse cured me of all my former absent-mindedness.
失去錢包的打擊，使我一改過去心不在焉的壞毛病。
（3）This wound cures easily.
這種傷容易治好。
n.
（1）In three weeks a perfect cure was obtained.
三星期內完全治好了病。
（2）He went to the country for a cure.
他到鄉下去療養。
（3）He hoped to find an effective cure for AIDS.
他希望找到艾滋病的有效治療法（藥）。
（4）a cure for unemployment 解決失業的辦法
用法歸納
*cure 可用作動詞（vi.＆vt.）和名詞。主要義項有：治療，治愈；矯正，革除；治療法，治療藥；解決方法。
特別提示
cure不能直接跟雙賓語，而應用cure sb. of sth.。
2.deal
例句集錦
v.
（1）The profit was dealt out fairly.那筆利潤分得公平。
She dealt（out）each child a pencil.
=She dealt a pencil（out）to each child.
她分給每個孩子一枝鉛筆。
（2）deal with a problem 處理一個問題
This book deals with the Middle East.
這本書討論中東問題。
The question is how to deal with the increasing amount of traffic in the streets.
問題是如何去應付街上不斷增加的交通量。
（3）You should deal fairly with them.
你應該公平地對待他們。
I refuse to deal with him.
我拒絕跟他打交道。
He is hard/easy to deal with.
他難于/容易相處。
（4）Our company deals mainly in cameras.
本公司主要經營照相機。
The store deals only in trousers.
那商店只賣褲子。
Which firm do you deal with?
你跟哪家公司交易？
I usually deal at that store.
我通常在那家商店買東西。
n.
（1）make a deal in oil products 達成油品的交易
（2）It’s（That’s）a deal.
那就成交了；一言為定。
用法歸納
*deal可用作動詞（vi.＆vt.）和名詞。作及物動詞時意為“分配”。作不及物動詞時意為“處理;應付;涉及;對待;交往;交易;經營”，此時常與介詞with連用。作名詞時意為“成交,交易”。
特別提示
deal with 常與how連用，而do with 常與what連用。
3.remain
例句集錦
v.
（1）If you take 2 from 7,5 remains.
7減2余5。
The fact remains that she is a liar.
她是個說謊者的事實仍在。
Of the five sisters only two now remain.
五姊妹中現在只剩下兩個。
Much remains to be done.
很多事有待去做。
（2）He went but his wife remained.
他去了但是他的太太留了下來。
We’ll remain here three days more.
我們還要在這兒停留三天。
She remained where she was.她留在原處。
They remained at the hotel till Monday.
他們住在旅館，直到星期一為止。
（3）For a moment he remained speechless.
有一會兒他默默無言。
The natural beauty of the country remains unchanged.
那個國家的天然美景依然未變。
Her love affair remains a secret.
她的風流韻事依然是個秘密。
They remained friends.
他們依然是朋友。
He remained sitting there.
他繼續坐在那里。
n.
the remains of a meal
吃剩的食物，剩菜殘肴
用法歸納
*remain可用作動詞（vi.）和名詞。主要義項有：留下；停留，逗留；依然是；剩余（物）。
特別提示
remain作連系動詞時，不能用被動語態。
4.require
例句集錦
v.
（1）Your presence is urgently required.
你務必到場。
I will do what is required of me.
凡是要求我做的事，我都會辦到。
He required more help from me.
他要求我提供更多的幫助。
He was required to leave.
他被要求離開。
She required that I（should）go at once.
她要求我立刻去。
（2）This job requires strength.
這份工作需要體力。
This bicycle requires repairing/to be required.
這輛自行車需要修理。
The situation requires that immediate action（should）be taken.
情勢上需要立即采取行動。
用法歸納
*require一般用作及物動詞。主要有兩個義項：要求，命令；需要。作“要求,命令”講時主要搭配形式為：require+名詞/不定式的復合賓語/that從句（從句謂語動詞should+動詞原形，其中should可省略）。作“需要”講時主要搭配形式為：require+名詞/動名詞（不定式的被動式）/that從句（從句謂語動詞should+動詞原形，其中should可省略）。
特別提示
require 后跟動名詞的主動式表示被動，亦可用不定式的被動式；后跟賓語從句時常用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形，should可省略。
●重點短語
1.be made up of
例句集錦
China is made up of 56 nations.
中國有56個民族。
The committee is made up of representatives from all the universities.
委員會是由所有大學的代表組成的。
Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
水是由氫和氧兩種元素組成的。
相關歸納
（1）be made of/from 由……制成
This kind of paper was made from rags.
這種紙是用舊布制成的。
These wine bottles are made of glass.
這些酒瓶是由玻璃制成的。
（2）be made into（某種原料）可以制成（某種成品）
Bamboo can be made into many useful tools.
竹子可以制成很多有用的工具。
Stones can be made into bridges.
石頭可以建橋。
2.make the most of
例句集錦
We should make the most of our opportunities.
我們應該盡量利用我們的機會。
We have only a few hours so we must make the most of our time.
我們只有幾小時，所以我們必須善于利用我們的時間。
She’s not really beautiful,but she makes the most of her looks.
她并不十分漂亮，卻很會打扮。
相關歸納
（1）make use of 使用，利用
Any citizen can make use of the public library.
任何一位公民都可以使用這家公共圖書館。
Our factory is making increasing use of robots.
我們的工廠對機器人的使用與日俱增。
Make good（the best）use of your brains.
要善用你的頭腦（將你的頭腦作最佳的利用）。
（2）take advantage of 利用；欺騙
He took advantage of the holiday to finish his homework.
他利用假期完成他的作業。
He took advantage of my kindness.
他利用我的仁慈。
He took advantage of his friend.
他占了他朋友的便宜。
He took full advantage of the school library.
他充分利用學校的圖書館。
特別提示
在take advantage of 結構中，advantage前無冠詞，且其也不用復數。
3.keep in touch with
例句集錦
We have kept in touch with each other for twenty years.
我們相互保持聯系達20年之久。
Do keep in touch.務必保持聯絡。
I have kept in touch with Mary since graduation.
畢業后我同瑪麗一直保持聯系。
相關歸納
（1）get in touch with 和……聯絡，和……接觸
I got in touch with her.
我跟她聯絡上了。
（2）lose touch with（與……）失去聯系；沒有……的消息，不明……的真相
He has lost touch with reality.
他與現實脫節。
If we don’t write often,we will lose touch.
如果我們不經常通信，我們就會失去聯系。
（3）be in/out of touch with（與……）聯系/失去聯絡，與……脫節
I’m still in touch with his old friends.
我仍然和他的老朋友保持聯系。
I can’t give you advice,because I am out of touch with economic conditions now.
我不能給你提供建議，因為我不了解現階段的經濟狀況。
特別提示
在keep in touch with 和get in touch with結構中，要用介詞in,而在lose touch with結構中不用介詞in。
●必背句型
1.同位語從句
教材原句
（1）The idea that England stands for Fish ＆ Chips,Speakers’ Corner,Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.
用炸魚土豆條、演講角、大本鐘和倫敦塔象征英國的時代已經過去了。
（2）The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.
大不列顛本土由三個國家組成，這一事實許多人還不知道。
補充例句
（1）Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas.
他在信中許諾這個圣誕節將來看我。
（2）The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.
飛機將會按時起飛，這消息使得大家非常高興。
（3）The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
學生們應該學實際東西，這個建議值得考慮。
（4）I have no idea when he will be back.
我不知道他何時回來。
特別提示
和定語從句不同，同位語從句的that（連詞）只起連接作用，不作句子成分，但不能省略。
2.表語從句
教材原句
（1）The result of this French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table,animal and age.
法語的影響導致英語里存在大量的法語單詞，比如table,animal和age。
（2）The discussion topic for today is what school will be like in the future.
今天談論的主題是將來的學校是個什么樣子。
補充例句
（1）That’s what I told you about.
這就是我告訴過你的那件事。
（2）The truth is that I have never been there.
真實情況是我從未到過那里。
（3）The problem was when he could go there.
問題是他何時能去那里。
（4）It looks as if it is going to rain.
天看起來好像要下雨了。
特別提示
和賓語從句不同，表語從句的that（連詞）只起連接作用，不作句子成分，但不能省略。
疑難突破
1.country,nation,state
這三個詞都有“國家”的意思，但用法各異。country“國家”，“國土”，是不含任何感情色彩或引申意義的普通名詞，著重指疆土、國土、家園。nation著重指人民，可譯作“民族，國民（總稱）”。例如：the Chinese nation（中華民族）。state著重指政權、國家機器。
應用
（1）The king spoke on TV to the ______.
（2）They set up a ______ of their own where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.
（3）How many ______ are there in the world?
答案：（1）nation （2）state （3）countries
2.common,usual,ordinary,general
common是（幾乎）所有的人或事物所共有的，常見的，普通的，有“習見習聞，并不高貴”的意思，指品質時，則為“低劣的”。
usual指由過去的經驗可判斷為正�；蛲ǔ５�，因此是按照預測發生的。
ordinary表示與一般事物的標準、品質、習俗相同，平凡而不特殊，著重平淡無奇。
general是關聯到同類中之全部、廣泛的。
應用
（1）This is a very ______ idiom.
（2）This is an ______ event.
（3）The two sisters have little in ______ in their manners.
（4）Thunder is the ______ sign of a coming storm.
（5）She is in an ______ dress.
（6）Breast cancer is the most ______ form of cancer among women in this country.
（7）This opinion is ______ among the ______ population.
（8）This was no ______ meeting:it would change the future of the world.
答案：（1）common （2）ordinary （3）common （4）usual （5）ordinary （6）common （7）common;general （8）ordinary
典例剖析
【例1】 （2004年全國卷Ⅰ，31）You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is ______ I disagree.
A.why B.where C.what D.how
剖析：where 在這里引導表語從句并在從句中作狀語。disagree為不及物動詞，其后不能直接加名詞或代詞賓語，排除C頂；A、D項意思與題意不符。
答案：B
【例2】 （2004年全國卷Ⅱ，26）The road is covered with snow.I can’t understand ______ they insist on going by motorbike.
A.why B.whether C.when D.how
剖析：本題考查賓語從句的引導詞。根據語句的意義，選A比較恰當。句意為：路面上滿是雪，我不明白他們為什么堅持騎摩托車。
答案：A
【例3】 （2004年天津，35）A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A.what B.which C.that D.where
剖析：what引導的是名詞性從句，在此作in的賓語，相當于the place that，同時在從句中作主語；B項語意欠妥；C、D兩項不合語法。句意為：一個現代化的城市在10年前曾是荒地的地方建起來了。
答案：A
【例4】 （2004年上海，37）After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A.where B.what C.that D.how
剖析：在題干中，謂語desire to do 之后又出現了謂語動詞is,說明is 之前是主語從句。能夠引導主語從句并在其中充當主語的只有what。
答案：B
【例5】 （2004年上海，40）A story goes ______ Elizabeth Ⅰ of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A.when B.where C.what D.that
剖析：that連詞，不作成分只起連接作用，在這里引導同位語從句，說明story 的詳細內容。
答案：D