1、主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

實(shí)義動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：

（1）一般的在詞尾加-s。如：like ---likes, play --- plays , look --- looks 等。

（2）以s, o, sh, ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要在詞尾加-es。如： do – does , go-goes , wash – washes. teach – teaches等。

（3）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要變y為i，再加-es。如：fly – files , study – studies等。

（4）have 的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是has。

2、不定冠詞a和an的用法

不定冠詞a/an的用法主要有：

（1）指人或事物屬于某一種類。如：I’m a student.(是學(xué)生而不是其他)

（2）表類別，以個(gè)體代替整體。如：An elephant is much bigger than a tiger. 大象比老虎大多了。

（3）表示“一”的概念，但意味沒有one 那樣強(qiáng)烈。如：She has an apple every morning.她每天早晨吃一個(gè)蘋果。

（4）表示單位，作“每一”講。如：three times a day , 10 yuan a kilo

（5）指某人或某事物，但不具體說明是何人、何物。如：He lives in a village far from here.他住在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小山村。

3、職業(yè)名稱

有些職業(yè)名稱是以 –er, -r, -or, -ist, -man, -ian, -ar結(jié)尾的

（1）以-er, 或-r 結(jié)尾。如：worker工人，teacher教師，writer作家，reader讀者，player選手，singer歌唱家，dancer舞蹈家，soldier士兵，engineer工程師，manager經(jīng)理

（2）以-or結(jié)尾。如：inventor 發(fā)明家，doctor醫(yī)生，conductor列車員，author作家，editor編輯，actor男演員，professor教授，sailor水手

（3）以-ist結(jié)尾。如：scientist科學(xué)家，artist畫家，pianist鋼琴演奏家，chemist化學(xué)家，violinist小提琴家

（4）以 –man結(jié)尾。如：postman郵遞員，policeman警察，workman勞動(dòng)者，spaceman宇航員，fisherman漁夫，businessman商人

（5）以–ian結(jié)尾。如musician音樂家，politician政治家

（6）以-ar 結(jié)尾。如：beggar乞丐

4、序數(shù)詞的用法

（1）序數(shù)詞表示事物的順序，它一般跟定冠詞the一起出現(xiàn)在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前。如：the first lesson 第一課

（2）若序數(shù)詞所修飾的名詞被省略時(shí)，序數(shù)詞可以作代詞單獨(dú)使用。如：The first girl is shorter than the second. 第一個(gè)女孩比第二個(gè)矮。

（3）序數(shù)詞后面可跟一個(gè)基數(shù)詞再跟一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：the first three months頭三個(gè)月

（4）序數(shù)詞前可以加不定冠詞a/an , 表示“又一個(gè)”的意思，相當(dāng)于another。如：He is a fifth student to speak. 他是第五個(gè)發(fā)言的學(xué)生。

5、There be 句型表示某處有某物。

（1）在There be 句型中，be后面的名詞是句子的主語，因而be 的數(shù)應(yīng)與該名詞的數(shù)保持一致。后面的名詞為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be應(yīng)用is;后面的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)be 應(yīng)用 are 。如：There’s some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。There are many apples in the basket.籃子里有很多蘋果。

（2）be 后面的名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)該不可數(shù)名詞的前面有表示量的可數(shù)名詞對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾時(shí)，be 的數(shù)要與該可數(shù)名詞保持一致。如：There are three bottles of milk on the table.桌子上有三瓶牛奶。

（3）當(dāng)后面的名詞不止一個(gè)時(shí)，be的數(shù)應(yīng)按“就近”原則來確定。如：There is a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room. 房間里有一張桌子，四把椅子和一張小床。

重難點(diǎn)分析：

1、There be與 have的區(qū)別

There be 結(jié)構(gòu)與充當(dāng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的have都可作“有”講。have表示所有關(guān)系，即“擁有；占有”，而There be 結(jié)構(gòu)表示客觀上的存在，不說明所有關(guān)系。試比較：

Mrs Green has three children.(說明三個(gè)小孩歸Mrs Green所有)

There are three children under the tree. (說明樹下存在三個(gè)小孩)

2、辨析：also與too

also與 too均可用于肯定句中，但在句中所處位置不同。“also”放在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前；而“too”一般放在句末。如：I like singing ,but I also like dancing.我喜歡唱歌，也喜歡跳舞。He can also swim.(He can swim ,too) 他也能游泳。

3、辨析：job 與 work

（1）job意為“工作”，“一件活兒”，是可數(shù)名詞。表示各種形式的有收益的工作。如：Did you find a job? 你找到工作了嗎？

（2）work 意為“工作、勞動(dòng)”，是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指體力和腦力勞動(dòng)。如：I have a lot of work to do . 我有許多事要做。

（3）work 用作復(fù)數(shù)，意為“著作、作品”，如：the works of Lu Xun 魯迅的作品

語言目標(biāo)：

What job do you do ? 你是做什么工作的？

I’m a fireman. 我是消防員。

What job does your father do ? 你的父親是做什么工作的？

He is a cook. 他是廚師。

It’s behind the garden . 它在花園的后面。

get on 上（車） get off下（車）

How long does it take you to get to school?你花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間到學(xué)校？

It takes me half an hour to walk there. 我花半小時(shí)（的時(shí)間）走到那兒。

【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：60分鐘）

一、選擇并抄寫單詞

1. They live on the ___________ (ninth, nineth) floor.

2. The supermarket is on __________(left , the left)of school .

3. There ___________ (is ,are ) a shop and two swimming pools in the housing estate.

4. Where does Alice ___________ (live ,live in )?

5. There is a tree __________ (in front of , in the front of ) the house.

二、單詞組句

1. do, live , where, you(?)

___________________________________

2. has, it ,floors, twenty (.)

_______________________________________

3. lives, the, on , he , tenth, floor (.)

____________________________________

4. is , the , a , in front of , there , garden , building(.)

________________________________________

5. are , tennis , courts , where , the (?)

________________________________________

三、選擇并抄寫單詞

1. Turn left at the ________ (cross crossing)

2. You can get __________(on off )at the next bus stop.

3. What time does Peter__________(leave leaves ) home?

4. The bus _________(stop stops) here.

5. I get up at half _____________(past to ) five.

四、單項(xiàng)填空

1. Walk _____ the road . You will see the library.

A. long B. along C. in D. at

2. We watch TV at ___________.

A. half to seven B. thirty five past seven

C. forty to seven D. a quarter to seven

3. ________the road at the __________.

A. Cross, crossing B. Cross ,cross

C. Crossing , crossing D. Crossing cross

4. Please _________ the bus one by one.

A. get at B. go on C. go at D. get on

5. --___________ do you get to school?

-- At seven thirty.

A. Where B. What C. What time D. How

五、單詞組句

1. goes Tom every shopping Saturday

___________________________________________

2. about 3 takes hours it

______________________________________

3. far live I from school away

_____________________________________

4. it does long take how

______________________________________

5. far from sea to here Shanghai how is by it

__________________________________________________

六、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話

（A）

A: Hi. __1___ are you from? B: I’m ____2_____ Japan.

A: Which __3___ do you live in? B: Tokyo, it is the ____4____ of Japan.

A: __5__ __6__ is it from Beijing? B: It’s about 2100 kilometres _7_ _8__ Beijing.

A: That’s too far. ____9____ do you come here? B: __10_____ air.

A: _11____ ___12____ does it ___13_____ to travel from Tokyo to Beijing by air?

B: It takes about two and _14___ ___15___ hours.

（B）

A: Excuse me. __1__ is the Exhibition Centre ?

B: It’s in the middle of the city. It’s not far from here.

A: __2___ ____3___ is it ?

B: It’s about 500 meters.

A: __4__ we go ___5__ the Exhibition Centre?

B: _6___ idea. __7__ are we going to the Exhibition Centre?

A: Shall we go there __8____ bus?

B: OK . __9__ __10___ does it take us to get there by bus?

A: It takes us about ten minutes.

B: What about underground?

A: By underground it takes us five minutes.

B: Let’s go by underground.

【試題答案】

一、1、ninth 2. the left 3. is 4. live 5. in front of

二、6. Where do you live? 7. It has twenty floors.

8. He lives on the tenth floor. 9. There is a garden in front of the building.

10. Where are the tennis courts?

三、1. crossing 2. off 3. leave 4. stops 5. past

四、1. B 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.C

五、1. Tom goes shopping every Saturday.

2. It takes about 3 hours.

3. I live far away from school .

4. How long does it take?

5. How far is it from here to shanghai by sea?

六、（A） 1. Where 2. from 3. city 4. capital 5. How 6. far

7. away 8. from 9. How 10. By 11. How 12. long

13. take 14. a 15. half

（B） 1. Where 2. How 3. far 4. Shall 5. to

6. Good 7. How 8. by 9. How 10. long