Module2 Relationships Unit2 Our Animal Friends
［教學(xué)過程］
一. 語法
1. 一般過去時(shí)：
（1）一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的存在，如：I got up at five the day before yesterday.前天我是五點(diǎn)起床的。We had a meeting just now. 我們剛才開會(huì)了。He was born in 2000.他出生于2000年。
（2）一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語主要有：yesterday(morning, afternoon, evening),last night (week, month, year), ago, the day before yesterday , in 2003, just now, long long ago, one day, last summer(spring, autumn, winter)等。
（3）句型轉(zhuǎn)換
a. 否定句，有be動(dòng)詞的在be后加not
He was a teacher last year.
He wasn’t a teacher last year
有行為動(dòng)詞的 主+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
He had a big dinner yesterday.
He didn’t have a big dinner yesterday.
b. 一般疑問句，帶be動(dòng)詞的，把Be動(dòng)詞提至主語前
He was a teacher last year.
Was he a teacher last year?
帶行為動(dòng)詞的 Did+主+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
He played the piano just now.
Did he play the piano just now?
2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：
（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示“經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作”。
（2）如：My mother gets up at five every day.我媽媽每天5點(diǎn)鐘起床。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本類型有：
a. be型。這樣的句型，謂語動(dòng)詞只有be(am/is/are)。如：We are at school.我們在學(xué)校。
b. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型。只含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它出現(xiàn)的形式是“原形或單三”，如果含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞必須用原形。如：My mother works in a factory.我的媽媽在工廠工作。
You can ask him for help.你可以求他幫忙。
c. 祈使句型。謂語動(dòng)詞以原形出現(xiàn)。如：Let’s sing an English song! 咱們唱首英語歌吧！
（1）句型轉(zhuǎn)換
（2）含be動(dòng)詞在be動(dòng)詞上變化。
不含be動(dòng)詞，而含有行為動(dòng)詞 主+don’t /doesn’t +動(dòng)詞原形+其它
a. 否定句 I get up at six o’clock every day.
I don’t get up at six o’clock every day
He goes home on foot every day
He doesn’t go home on foot every day.
b. 一般疑問句 Do/Does+主+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
I get up at six o’clock every day.
Do you get up at six o’clock every day?
He goes to school by bus every day.
Does he go to school by bus every day?
二. 必會(huì)短語
1. speak to sb 對……說
2. look after 照顧 =take care of
3. rescue …from 從……中解救
4. call sb sb… 管……叫……
5. bring…to 帶……到……
6. think of 考慮
7. talk about談?wù)?/p>
8. in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中
9. want to know 想知道
10. help……to do 幫助做某事
11. thank you for doing 為……而感謝你
12. try to do 試著去做某事
13. keep…from 保護(hù)……脫離
14. protect……from保護(hù)
15. hundreds of 成百的
16. be cruel to 對……殘酷
17. be kind to 對……友善
18. promise to do 許諾做某事
19. get…from 從……中獲取
20. live with 與……一起居住
三. 必會(huì)句型
1. Which one would you like ? 你喜歡哪一個(gè)?
2. I prefer the black one. 我更喜歡那個(gè)黑的。
3. I like the brown one best. 我最喜歡那個(gè)褐色的。
4. What does SPCA mean? SPCA是什么意思？
=What’s the meaning of SPCA？
5. It means we try to keep animals from danger.
它意味著我們盡力使動(dòng)物免遭危險(xiǎn)。
6. They must promise to look after their new dog or cat well.
他們必須承諾好好照顧他們的新狗或貓。
7. Let’s call him Sam 我們叫他Sam。
重難點(diǎn)解析
1. Nobody looked after them.沒有人照看他們。
nobody和no one意思相同，表示“沒有人”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
如：Nobody is at home.沒有人在家。
-- Who’s in the room?誰在房間里？
--Nobody/No one.沒人。
2. Which one would you like?你想要哪一只？
would like意為“想要”，后接名詞或帶to的不定式。
如：I would like a cup of coffee.我想喝杯咖啡。She’d like to go home.她想回家。
3. I prefer the light brown one.我喜歡那只淡棕色的。
prefer意為“寧愿；更喜歡”，過去式和過去分詞為preferred，現(xiàn)在分詞為preferring。
prefer后可接代詞、名詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)及賓語從句。
如：Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你更喜歡哪一個(gè)，茶還是咖啡？prefer…to…意為“與……相比，更喜歡……”，如：I prefer apples to pears.比起梨來，我更喜歡蘋果。
I prefer walking to cycling.我愿意步行，不愿騎自行車。
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.意為“寧愿……而不愿……”。
如：They preferred to walk there rather than go by bus.
他們寧愿走著去那兒，也不愿坐公共汽車。
4. Now ,you must look after him well.現(xiàn)在，你必須好好照顧他。
must 意為“必須；一定要”，如：
I must remember to take some money with me today.我今天一定要記著帶錢。
You must cut down on smoking.你必須少抽煙。
由must 提問的句子否定回答多用needn’t或don’t/doesn’t have to。如：
--Must I stay here?我必須呆在這兒嗎？
--No,you needn’t./No,you don’t have to.不，不必。
5. Why are some animals in danger?為什么一些動(dòng)物處于危險(xiǎn)中？
danger(n.)危險(xiǎn)in danger意為“處于危險(xiǎn)中”，out of danger 意為“脫離危險(xiǎn)”。dangerous(adj.) 危險(xiǎn)的；dangerous animals危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物。
6. Thank you for coming to visit the SPCA.謝謝你們來參觀愛護(hù)動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)。
thank you for sth.意為“為某事而感謝你”，如：
Thank you for your help.感謝你的幫助。
thank you for doing sth.意為“感謝你做了……”。
如：Thank you for helping me .感謝你幫助了我。
7. It means we try to keep animals from danger.它意味著我們盡力使動(dòng)物免遭危險(xiǎn)。
try to do sth.意為“設(shè)法做某事”。如：He tried to get you on the phone.他設(shè)法打電話找你。
try doing sth.意為“試著做某事”。如：She tried writing a letter.她試著寫信。
keep…from sth./doing sth.意為“使……不做……”。
如：I mustn’t keep you from your work.我們不該打擾你的工作。
The heavy rain kept us from going out.大雨使我們無法外出。
8. We protect them from some people and from accidents.
我們保護(hù)它們免遭人們和事故的傷害。
Protect…from…意為“保護(hù)……免受……”。
如：We should protect children from harm.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)兒童免受傷害。
9. Sometimes people are cruel to animals.有時(shí)人們對待動(dòng)物很殘忍。
be cruel to 意為“對……殘忍”。
10. People should be kind to animals.人們應(yīng)該對動(dòng)物友善。
be kind/friendly to 意為“對……友好”如：They are kind/friendly to me .他們對我很友好。
11. They must promise to look after their new dog or cat well.他們必須承諾好好照顧他們的新狗或貓。
（1）promise意為“（向某人）許諾；答應(yīng)（某人）給予某物、做或不做某事”。如：I can’t promise, but I’ll try my best.我不能保證做到，但我一定盡力。
promise to do sth.意為“答應(yīng)做某事”。如：My father promised to buy a new bike for me.我爸爸答應(yīng)給我買一輛自行車。
（2）look after與take care of 的用法：
在用作“照顧、照料”時(shí)，look after與take care of 意義與用法相同。如：I had to look after my mother when she was ill.當(dāng)我媽媽生病時(shí)，我得照顧她。
take care of 當(dāng)“保管”講時(shí)，一般不與look after 替換。
12. This dog needs a new home.這只狗需要一個(gè)新家。
此句中need為行為動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接名詞，代詞或帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。如：They need to make a plan.他們需要制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。
need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”（常用于否定句、疑問句）。如：He need’t go .他不必去。Need I tell him?我需要告訴他嗎？
13. They help the police to catch robbers and find lost people.他們幫助警察抓強(qiáng)盜，尋找失蹤人員。
help sb. do/to do sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”。如：I often help my mother wash clothes.我經(jīng)常幫助我的媽媽洗衣服。
help sb. with…意為“在某方面幫助某人”。如：He often helps me with my English.他經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)英語。
14. They stop at crossings, and show the blind person when it is safe to cross the road 他們停在十字路口，指示盲人什么時(shí)候過馬路安全。
It is safe to cross the road
此句中it作形式主語，不定式to cross the road 作真正的主語。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj. +for sb. to do sth
如：It’s useful for you to learn how to use the computer.學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)對你有好處。
It’s dangerous to swim in the river.在河里游泳很危險(xiǎn)。
【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：45分鐘）
一、字母組詞
1. We protect animals from________(c. c.d .a .i .e .t .n.s)
2. What does SPCA___________(a. m .e. n)?
3. Dogs________(u.g.d.a.r.d.e)the cave and kept the family from danger
4. Do you like a ________(e.p.t )
5. Which one do you like better? I ___________(r.p.e.e.r.f ) the red one.
6. Here’s a booklet. It tells you how to take care of your new ______________(p.y.p.u.p).
7. The SPCA cares for___________(m.a.l.n.i.a.s)in many countries.
8. Sometimes people are _________(u.e.c.r.l) to animals.
9. They had no food or drink ,so they were very hungry and ______(s.i.r.y.t.h).
10. You can be a _________(n.i.j.u.o.r) member of the SPCA.
二、選擇并抄寫單詞
1. They had no food______(or. and) drink.
2. What do you _______(say .call) him?
3. Dogs help the police to catch robbers and find_______(lost .losing ) people.
4. Dogs can guard our home.We are kind to ________(them. they).
5. The SPCA tries to keep animals from________(danger. dangerous).
6. SPCA inspectors rescue __________(hundred .hundreds)of animals in danger every year.
7. A vet is a special doctor for ________ (people. animals).
8. Thank you for_________(help. helping) animals.
9. The SPCA looks after _________(sick. ill)animals.
10. Dogs can help __________(farmers . farms) on their farms.
三、組詞成句
1. many . people . in . dogs . ways .help(.)
2. does .the .what. SPCA . mean (?)
3. Love. all. a. care. pets. lot .need. and. of(.)
4. try. keep. to. from. animals. danger. we(.)
5. would. which. you .one like(?)
四、完成對話，選擇最佳答案
A. At the SPCA.
B. Look after it well.
C. Completing this questionnaire.
D. The big one.
E. Protecting animals.
1.( ) Which one would you like?
2.( ) What does the SPCA do?
3.( ) Where did you get your pet from?
4.( ) How can we become junior members of the SPCA?
5.( ) What must people do when they choose a new pet?
【試題答案】
一、1. accidents 2. mean 3. guarded 4. pet 5. prefer 6. puppy
7. animals 8. cruel 9. thirsty 10. junior
二、1. or 2. call 3. lost 4. them 5. danger 6. hundreds 7. animals
8. helping 9. sick 10. farmers
三、1. Dogs help people in many ways
2. What does the SPCA mean?
3. All pets need a lot of love and care.
4. We try to keep animals from danger.
5. Which one would you like?
四、1. D 2. E 3. A 4. C 5. B