Unit 2 English Around the world

Period one words

Aims: 1. Learn about word formation ( compounding, derivation…)

2. Master the following words. 1) make oneself at home 2) majority 3)except for 4)exchange 5)come about 6) end up with 7) a great many

Step one: Revision

1. allow sb. to do/allow doing

2. whisper, in a whisper

3. I am only two minutes late.

Step two: Read after the teacher the new words

Step three: Learn the words:

1. bathroom US: room with a toilet

Br: room in which there is a bath ( and also usu. a wash-basin and sometimes a toilet)

more compounding words with the word room eg: classroom, dining-room, reading-room, drawing-room, living-room,

sitting-room, bedroom.

2. make yourself at home: feel at home /be at home

eg: I don’t feel at home in the strange place.

I can’t make myself at home here.

I am not at home talking to teachers.

3. landlady: the female owner of a home that is rented by others

the female owner of a shop

landlord: the owner of a large area of land

4. closet: a small room or cupboard for storing things

5. pronounce: How do you pronounce the word “pronunciation” ?

eg. invention, translation, repetition, situation, organization.

6. majority : more than half

eg: A/The majority of the students in our class are boys.

In our class, boys are in the/a majority.

Major n. My major in university was English education.

v. I majored in English in university.

7. broad : broad-minded, broad daylight, broad shoulders, broad plains

wide: wide road, a wide river, open your arms wide, two meters wide

conclusion: wide is the usual word to talk about the physical distance from one side of sth. to the other ; broad is often used in more abstract expressions.

Note: wide interests, wide knowledge

8. native adj. native language/mother tongue ; a native speaker of English

n. He is a native of English.

Local: He speaks English with a local accent.

9. total adj. n. in total adv. totally

10. equal adj. be equal to

eg: All men are born equal.

We are of the equal height .= We are equal to each other in height.

She makes a mess of the job and she isn’t equal to the position.

v. eg: 2 plus 2 equals 4. I equal you in height but not in intelligence.

11. situation eg: in a good(bad) situation

be situated in : No.1 middle school is situated/located in the north of Handan city.

12. except for: Your composition is excellent except for a few spelling mistakes.

The desk is clean except for a dirty dot.

except: Everybody has come except him.

We all went to the park except him. (but)

13. trade n. sweet trade

vt. trade sth. with sb. May I trade seats with you ? (exchange)

trade sth. for sth. May I trade my apple for your banana? (exchange)

14. end up with: The story ends up with a happy ending.

15. a great many: a great many students ; a great many of the students ; a great many of us

16. compare … to …eg: A teacher’s job is often compared to a candle.

compare …with eg: We shouldn’t compare a green hand with an expert.

Compared with china, Japan is quite a small country.

Homework: sentence-making

I. 1. total 2. equal 3. except for 4. majority 5.trade 6. compare

II. Preview warming up and speaking..

Period two Warming-up ,listening &speaking

　　I. Teaching aims:

　　 1.talk about the difference between American English and British English;

　　 2. Vocabulary : bathroom, towel, closet, pronounce, pizza…

　　 3.Similar dialogue presentation with new words and expressions used within

　　II. Teaching aids: tape recorder /slide show/ computer /multimedia education software

　　III. Grammar: indirect speech, direct speech, requests and commands

　　IV. Teaching steps:

　　1. Warming up:

　�、賂 asks Ss: How long have you learned English?

　　 Do you know why you study English at school

　�、赥 says: English is spoken on both sides of the Atlantic. Most of people over the world speak English. If you master a foreign language, you can learn more about the foreign language, foreign culture and even the news of world.

　　③T says: Do you know A.E/ B.E? in fact, there are some difference between A.E and B.E. Sometime slight misunderstandings may occur between active speakers from Great Britain and the United State.

　�、� let Ss listen to the tape.

　　 T says: We’ll learn a dialogue. Joe is an American who has come to Britain for the first time.

　　 T says: please listen to the tape and find the answer to the questions: (slide show)

　　

　�、� let Ss listen to the tape again.

　　⑥ Let Ss read the dialogue loudly.

　�、� If possible, get Ss to act it out.

　　⑧ If possible, give Ss enough time to make a similar dialogue.

　　2. Listening

　　①T asks Ss: What can you see in the picture? ( a old lady and a man), The man is Mr. Brown , and the old lady is Mr. Brown’s landlady who has many house rules.

　�、� Play the tape twice.

　　 T says: Let’s listen to the tapes twice and write down five of house rules like the examples, using the phrase ‘a(chǎn)sk….to…’

　�、� check the answers with the Ss.

　　3.Speaking

　�、� let Ss listen to the tape and follow it(dialogue 1 ), paying attention to the intonation.

　�、� let Ss finish the sentences and check the answers in the class.

　�、� get Ss to work in pairs and act dialogue1 out.

　�、� the same way to play dialogue 2.

　�、� if possible, get the Ss work in pairs to make a similar dialogues(slide show I, II,III).

　　(slide show I )

British English American English

taxi cab

Petrol gasoline

Secondary School High school

university college

autumn fall

fortnight Two weeks

wardrobe closet

Ground floor First floor

　　(slide show II )

Dialogue A

A: what’s you’re telephone number, please?

B: …

A: Could you repeat that, please?

B: Sure, …

A: Sorry, I can listen to it unclearly. Can you speak more slowly please?

B: No problem, …

A: Got it, Thanks a lot.B: Not at all.

　　(slide show III )

Dialogue B

A: can you tell me how to pronounce “秋天” in English?

B: Sure, British people say… and American people say…

A: I see, could you repeat them, please?

B: of course, …

　�、� let Ss make a dialogue, using the useful expression.

　　IV Teaching crux:

　　Teacher can deal with some language points or useful words:

　　1．Did you have a good flight?

　　2．Did you sleep at all on the plane?

　　At all主要用于否定句、疑問句和條件句，用以加強語氣，與否定詞連用，表示“一點也不”

　　e.g. I don’t agree with you at all.

　　Do you feel ill at all?

　　3．You don’t need to ask, just make yourself at home.

　　Make yourself at home請隨便，別拘束

　　e.g. Sit down by the fire and make yourself at home.

　　If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.

　　4．Can you tell me how to pronounce…?

　　Pronounce v. ---pronunciation n.

　　Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.

　　Forget后接不定式，表示“忘記了要去做的事情”； 后面動名詞表示“忘記了已經(jīng)做過的事情”e.g.

　　I’ve forgotten to lock the door.

　　He has forgotten meeting me last year.

　　祈使句Don’t forget…表示提醒某人 “別忘了做某事”

　　Don’t forget to shake the bottle before use.

　　Don’t forget to give my regards to them.

Period three pre-reading, reading, post-reading

　　I. Teaching aims :

　　 1.reading comprehension

　　 2. Vocabulary: majority, native, total, in total, tongue, mother tongue, equal, government, situation, except for, international…

　　 3.Similar dialogue presentation with new words and expressions used within

　　II. Teaching aids: tape recorder /slide show/ computer /multimedia education software

　　III. Grammar: indirect speech, direct speech

　　IV. Teaching steps:

　　1. Pre-reading:

　�、賂 asks Ss:

　　How many languages do you speak?

　　Which is your native language?

　　If you speak more than one language, in what situations do you use the languages?

　　②let student read the passage for several minutes.

　　③teach some new words to Ss: (slide show)

Majority 　　　　　　 Native

United Kingdom　　　　In total

Mother tongue　　　　 Equal

Government　　　　　　Situation

Except for　　　　　　International

Organization　　　　　Trade

Tourism　　　　　　 　Global

Communicate　　　　　 Communication

　　2.Reading

　　①T says to Ss: Today we will read a passage about the historical development of English over the past fifty year, developing from a widely spoken national language to a universally spoken world language.

　　②let Ss read the text silently, and then fill in blanks(slide show)

1

　　The English is the mother tongue of 375 million people in English speaking countries such as the US, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Ireland among others.

2

　　The number of people who learn English as foreign language is more than 750 million. Most people learn English for five or six years at high school.

3

　　English is the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism. English is also the language of global culture, such as popular music and the Internet.

　�、踠et Ss read the text again, and then work in pairs to answer another questions:

　　Why is it becoming more and more important to have a good knowledge of English?

　　In which countries do we find most native speakers of English? Give the names of the three countries.

　　Living in China you can use English every day in different situations. Give two examples.

　�、� play the tape to Ss and let them follow and repeat the text.

　　⑤ deal with some language points and new words

　　 1. There many people speak English as a first or a second language.

　　“ the+序數(shù)詞” 用來表示編號，強調(diào)“第……”

　　e.g. Who is the first man to land on the moon?

　　“ a+序數(shù)詞”強調(diào)“再一……，又……”

　　e.g. We’ll have to do it a second time.

　　He had jumped two times but failed; he tried to jump a third time.

　　2.Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.

　　Using English是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做方式狀語。現(xiàn)在份詞作狀語，表示主語正在進行的另一動作，對謂語表示的主要動作加以修飾和陪襯，分詞動作與謂語動作都必須是同一主語進行的，它可以表示時間、原因、方式、伴隨狀況等。

　　e.g. Arriving at the bus stop, we found his sister there. 表示時間

　　Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note. 原因

　　Travelling by car, the girls visited many places. 方式

　　They walked along the street, talking and laughing. 伴隨狀況

　　3. There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.

　　大多數(shù)人講英語的國家有42個還多。

　　more than意為“超過，不僅僅”，相當于over, not only。例如：

　�。�1）There ar more than 2,000 students in our school. 我們學(xué)校有2，000多人。

　�。�2）He is more than 40 years old. 他40多歲了。

　�。�3）She is more than a teacher. She loves us ilke a mother. 她不僅僅是個老師，她像母親一樣愛護我們。

　　where the majority of the people speak English是定語從句，修飾countries。where在定語從句中作狀語，表示地點。又如：

　�。�1）Last month I visited the village where I was born. 上個月我去拜訪了我出生的那個村子。

　�。�2）Zhengzhou is the place where his father once worked. 鄭州是他父親曾經(jīng)工作過的地方。

　　 majority是句詞，意為“多數(shù)，大多數(shù)，半數(shù)以上”。例如：

　�。�1）He was supported by the great majority of the people. 他受到了廣大人民群眾的擁護。

　�。�2）The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分藏書在樓上。

　�。�3）The majority were/was against the plan. 多數(shù)人不贊成這個計劃。

　　4. However, the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.

　　然而，把英語作為外語來學(xué)的人有7億5千萬。

　　the number of/a number of 辨析

　　the number of意為“……的數(shù)目，……的號碼”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；a number of意為“一些，許多”，作定語，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：

　�。�1）The number of the students in our school is more than 2,000. 我們學(xué)校有2，000多人。

　�。�2）The number of my telephone is 0371-6949192. 我的電話號碼是0371-6949192.

　　（3）A number of students in our class have been to Beijing. 我們班有很多同學(xué)去過北京。

　　3. Post-reading

　�、� let Ss finish the exercises in the book.

　�、� Check the answers with the class.

Period four Language Study

　　I. Teaching aims

　　 1.talk about the difference between A.E and B.E (British English and American English)

　　 2.learn the new words: exchange, service, signal, movement, peg, commander, tidy, stand, stay up

　　 3.Similar dialogue presentation with new words and expressions used within

　　II. Teaching aids: tape recorder /slide show/ computer /multimedia education software

　　III. Grammar: direct speech ,indirect speech

　　IV. Teaching steps:

　　1.Language study---word study

　�、�. 1et Ss read through the exercise and make sure what they will to do.

　　⑵.get Ss to finish the exercise in page 11 individually, and check the answers in the class.

　　2.Grammar---Direct Speech and Indirect Speech

祈使句的間接引語

　　祈使句的間接引語通常采用含有祈使意義的“及物動詞（ask, tell, order, advise等）+ 賓語+不定式”這一結(jié)構(gòu)將原來的話語表達出來，否定的祈使句在轉(zhuǎn)換時候在不定式前加not,引述動詞可以根據(jù)語意選用。

　　“ Please give me some oranges.” --- He asked me to give him some oranges.

　　“ Don’t stop reading,” the teacher said ---The teacher told his students not to stop reading.

　　“ Be careful next time,” Mother said. --- Mother warned her child to be careful the next time.

　　“ Please don’t open the window, ” Jack said. --- Jack asked me not to open the window.

　　He said, “Get everything ready in two hours.” --- He ordered us (them) to get everything ready in two hours.

　　3. practice

　　請把下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。

　　1. The teacher said, “Columbus discovered America in 1492.”

　　2. They said, “We are going to see Mr Wang now.”

　　3. The doctor said to me, “Don't drink too much.”

　　4. He said to me, “I was ill yesterday.”

　　5. He said, “I am going to leave here tomorrow.”

　　6. I said to him yesterday, “Please come early tomorrow morning.”

　　7. I said to him, “May I open the window?”

　　8. The teacher said to me, “What do you have in your hands?”

　　keys:

　　1. The teacher said that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

　　2. Thy said that they were going to see Mr Wang then.

　　3. The doctor told/advised me not to drink too much.

　　4. He told me that he had been ill the day before.

　　5. He said that he was going to leave there the following day.

　　6. Yesterday I asked him to come early this morning.

　　7. I asked him if I might open the window.

　　8. The teacher asked me what I had in my hands.

　　3. Group works

　　 let Ss work in pairs and make some sentences.

　　 One student make a Do/ don’t sentence, the other sentence repeat his/ her partner’s word, using Indirect Speech., for example:

　　 A: Tom, please buy some bread for me

　　 B: …asked Tom to buy some bread for him/ her.

　　

Period five Integrating Skills

　　I. Teaching aims :

　　 ①talk about A.E and B.E.

　　 ②Vocabulary: independent, expression, end up with, typhoon, publish, president, bring in, cookbook

　　 ③Similar dialogue presentation with new words and expressions used within

　　II. Teaching aids: tape recorder /slide show/ computer /multimedia education software

　　III. Grammar: indirect speech, direct speech

　　IV. Teaching steps:

　　1.Integrating skills-reading and writing

　　① Ask Ss to read the passage in books in page12

　�、� T says: we will read a passage about the independence of the United States of America, the history of American and British English and the process of diversification of the two Englishes.

　　③ play the tape to Ss and let Ss repeat it.

　　④ let Ss read the passage carefully again and finish the exercise 1 in page 13.

　�、� check the answers with Ss.

　�、� T ask Ss: which Chinese words have been taken as loan words from English？

　　2.Checkpoint

　　①revide the grammar briefly with the whole class.

　�、趌et Ss finish the blank in the table.

　�、踓heck the answers in the class.

　�、躦et Ss to read the sentences in the table.

　�、輑et Ss work in pairs and find out all of useful expressions in this unit, and write down them on the Bb.

　　3. Writing

　　根據(jù)下列提綱寫一段話，比較美國英語和英國英語之間的不同（大約80個單詞）。

　　1．拼寫方面不同。例如英國人把“顏色”一詞拼為“colour”，美國人拼為“color”。

　　2．發(fā)音方面不同。例如英國人把“dance”讀作/da:ns/，美國人讀作/dns/。

　　3．詞匯方面不同。例如“秋天”一詞，英國人說“autumn”，美國人說“fall”。

　　4．語法方面雖有不同，但區(qū)別不大。

　　ONE POSSIBLE VERSION:

　　There are three main differences between American English and British English.

　　They’re different in spelling. For example, the British people spell “顏色” “colour”, but Americans spell it “color”.

　　They’re different in pronunciation. For example, “dance” is pronounced [da:ns] in English, but [dens] in English.

　　They’re also different in words. “秋天”，for example, the British people say “autumn”, but Americans say “fall”.

　　Though they are different in grammar too, there are not so many differences between them.