Unit 5 The British Isles
教學目的和要求
（Teaching aims and demands）
類別 課程標準要求掌握的項目
話題 Talking about the British Isles
詞 consist state powerful mistaken narrow republic Europe form Atlantic generalinfluence basis(pl. bases) upper union judge queen cigarette proof own foot(pl.feet) employ sheet grain westwards approach
匯 consist of be made up of make the most of hold together Northern Ireland the AtlanticOcean in general
功能 同意與不同意 (Expressing agreement and disagreement)Don't you think that...? No, you are wrong thinking that...Surely it must be ... I don't think that's right ...I'm afraid you're wrong... Yes, you are right, but...I don't think so. Aren't you confusing ...?Yes, I agree with you. You must be mistaken...I'm not so sure about that ... I believe that you've got it right.
語法 名詞性從句(Noun clauses) (1)1.同謂語從句 (Appositive clause)The idea that England stands for Fish & Chips, the Speakers' Corner and the Tower ofLondon is past.2.表語從句 (Predicative clause)The result of so much French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.3.主語從句 (Subject clause)That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.4.賓語從句 (Object clause)They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.
LISTENING TEXT：
Good morning and welcome to the Language School at Dublin University. I'm very happy to greet you all to our summer Programme and hope that you will not only learn a lot more English, but also learn about the Irish way of life. Before you go to your classrooms, I want to have a quick look at your weekly timetable with you.Classes are taught from Monday to Friday with four classes in the morning and three classes in the afternoons.One lesson takes up 50 minutes. We start every morning with two lessons of what we call Language Study, which will mostly be grammar and vocabulary. The rest of the morning classes are either spent in the computer lab, or in workshops. There's a Conversation Workshop to practice your speaking skills, one lesson on Tuesday, directly after the Language Study class and there's a Reading Workshop of two times fifty minutes on Friday morning.There are also two fifty minutes classes in the computer lab which form the third class on both Wednesdays and Thursdays.
Lunch is from half past twelve till one o'clock. Each afternoon, except for Wednesday, starts with two lessons of skills practice. In those classes you will mostly practiselistening and speaking. On Monday and Tuesday they are followed by a class of fifty minutes at the language lab.
The language lab is open Monday to Friday from half past eight in the morning until eight o'clock in the evening, while the library is open every day, including the weekends，from eight am till ten pm.
Language Study and the classes in the computer lab are taught by Dave.Cnversation and skills are taught by Flora and Sarah.Reading is by Andrew and the teacher who will be with you in the language lab is Julia.If for some reason you cannot come to class,you have
To phone your teacher half an hour before class begins.
Answers to Exercises 1:
True: 3
Answers to Exercise 2：
TIME MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY
8:30am10:20am Language Study(Dave) Language Study(Dave) Language Study(Dave) Language Study(Dave) Language Study(Dave)
10:30am1l:20am ConversationWorkshop(Flora & Sarah) Computer lab(Dave) Computer lab(Dave) ReadingWorkshop(Andrew)
ll:30am12:20am ReadingWorkshop(Andrew)
12.30pm Lunch Lunch Lunch Lunch Lunch
l:00pm2:50pm Skills(Flora & Sarah) Skills(Flora & Sarah) Skins(Flora & Sarah) Skills(Flora & Sarah)
3:00pm3:50pm Language lab(Julia) Language lab(Julia)
Answers to Exercise 3:
1．Call Dave half an hour before class begins.
2．In the classes of skills practice the students practicelistening and speaking.
3.Language lab is open on week days/from Mon-day to Friday, from
8:00 am fill 8:00 pm.
LISTENING TEXT:
Wales is one of the four countries that form the United Kingdom. The Act of Union in 1536 combined West and East Wales into a single state. Wales was considered by the English and later Great Britain and the United Kingdom governments as a separate part of England and Cardiff was named in 1955 as its capital. Since then we speak of "England and Wales" where before only "England" was used. Travelling from England, you will know when you are in Wales, because all street signs and names of railway stations are written in two languages: English and Welsh. Welsh is the original language of the people in Wales.The landscape in Wales is also different from England.While England is mostly hilly, the central parts of Wales are motmtainous. It is here that we find the highest mountainin the UK. As it is impossible to grow crops on the mountains,Welsh farmers keep sheep instead. It is difficult to get around the steep mountain slopes, even in ajeep. So the Welsh sheep farmers use dogs to move the sheep from one field to another.
The weather in Wales is warmer and wetter than in other parts of Britain. This is because of the high mountains.The wind here usually comes from the southwest. As it moves across the warm Atlantic Ocean, the wind carries water from the sea. When this wind hits the mountains of Wales, the air rises causing rain to fall.
Wales is popular with holiday visitors. They go hiking in the mountains, or spend their summer days by the sea, swimming or sailing. People interested in history and architecture can visit some of the many historical sites in Wales. Most ancient castles and churches are open to the public. During the holidays, there are festivals too, with singing and dancing. Wales is often called "the Land of Song" and its people are famous for their love of poetry and music.
Answers to Exercise 1:
1．Cardiff
2．Part of England from 1536 until 1955; now one of the fourn countries that form the UK.
3．Mountainous
4．Sea climate; wetter and warmer than the rest of the UK
5．Sheep farming
6．Hiking / swimming / sailing
Visit castles, churches and festivals
Answers to Exercise 2:
1． The landscape is different.Street signs and names of stations
are written in two languages: English and Welsh.
2．To move their sheep from one field to another.
3．Because the wind usually comes from the sea, and when it hits
the mountains it starts raining.
語篇領悟
閱讀本單元課文，完成下列各題：
1.1 細枝末節
(Passage 1)
1．According to the passage, what do you know about the Isle
of Man?
A. It lies between Britain and Ireland.
B. It's run over by the king of UK.
C. The king of England is in charge of it.
D. Both A and C.
2． How many spoken languages are considered as native languages
in the British Isles?
A. 2 B. 8 C. 1 D. 6
3．What languages formed the basis for English?
A. Languages spoken by European people.
B. Languages spoken by people from northern Europe.
C. The French language.
D. Gaelic and Irish.
(Passage 2)
4. Sheep are fed .
A. in the centre of Salisbury
B. around the city
C. in and around Salisbury
D. on the tops of hills
5. A traveler may be interested in .
A. the history of the country
B. the Cathedral of Salisbury
C. a place of interest here
D. hundreds of thousands of sheep
6. About Salisbury, which of the following is NOT true?
A. It lies where 3 rivers join together.
B. It is in Southern England.
C. It is a large and fine city.
D. Salisbury is about 3 miles away from Clarendon Park.
1.2 主旨大意
7. What's the main idea of Passage 1?
A. Britain was once in the charge of the Frenchmen.
B. The UK is made up of 3 countries.
C. The author delivers some more information about the British Isles.
D. It's about the history of the country.
8. The author's purpose in Passage 2 is to .
A. introduce England to you
B. tell you how many sheep in England
C. advise you to make a trip in England
D. introduce Salisbury in southern England to you
1.3 推理判斷
9. What can you conclude from Passage 1?
A. The UK is made up of 4 countries.
B. The British Isles lies off the west coast of Europe.
C. The culture of the UK is a mixture of different coun-tries in the world.
D. The climate of the British Isles is mild wkh a lot of rain.
10. What can you infer from Passage 2?
A. People there live a happy life.
B. Salisbury is a mountainous city.
C. People in Salisbury mainly grow fruit trees.
D. Salisbury has a short history.
Keys: 1.D.2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C
知識點：
1. employ vt.雇用；使用，利用
be employed in忙于／從事(某活動)
employer／employee n．老板／雇員
Miss Liu is employed in a Chinese-foreign joint company．
劉小姐受雇于一個中外合資公司。
This village factory employed some graduates and a doctor in
law．這家村辦工廠雇用了一些大學畢業生和一名法律博士。
She’s employed in watering the garden． 她正忙于澆花園。
[考題1] The difference between Tom and Mike lies in how they____their spare time．Once it is made full use of，the result
will be quite different．
A．take B．cost C．employ D．spend
[解析]本題的語境十分充分,句中的it實指spare time .所缺動詞的含義實際上等同于make use of ,即employ其他三個動詞均與時間有關，但與本題語境無關。[答案] C
2．stand for代表
The letters “USA ”stand for the United states of America．
“USA”這幾個字母代表美利堅合眾國。
Do you know what UFO stands for? 你知道UFO代表什么嗎?
含stand的詞組還有：
How do you stand by and see such wrong doing?
你對這樣的錯誤行為怎能袖手旁觀呢?
He will stand by you whatever happens.
不管發生了什么他都支持你。
He stood with us in that debate．
在那場辯論中他站在我們一邊.
[考題2]There _____all old temple on the hi．can you see it?
A．1ies B．1ying C．stands D．standing
[解析] 根據語法規則分析可知，本題缺少謂語動詞：主語為an old temple，表語為there，所以這是個there be句型，因為B、D兩項不可作謂語，所以被排除。stand與lie的區別如下：動詞stand可用來表示高形物體位于何處,如:建筑,樹,人等.而動詞lie用來表示非高形物體位于和處,如地區,國家,河流,田野,鐵路等.如:
The house stands on the hiⅡ．這房子坐落在那小山上。
West of the town 1ies a railway．城西有一條鐵路。
[答案] C
3． form n．形狀，形態,外形,體型；表格
Vt. vi形成，構成；建立，排列；養成
take the form of采取……的形式
form a company創辦公司
Ice forms at O℃．攝氏0℃時結冰。
[考題3]The cookies were all ______ stars．
A．in form of B．in forms of C．in the form of D．in form
[答案] C
4． in general一般,大體上
in the general概括地說
In general ,standards of hygiene are good．
一般說來，衛生情況良好。
[考題4]People _______ 1ike her，although sometimes she annoys them．
A．in generally B．general C．in general D．in a general
[答案] C
5． influence n．& v．
(1) influence on/over sb./sth.
(2) influence on sb./sth.
(3) 作動詞,意為影響
I used my influence with the boss t0 get things changed．
我借用與老板的交情對事情做了一些改革。
The fact that he is rich and famous and no influence on our
decision．
他有錢有名氣，但這不會影響到我們的決定。
Nobody should drive while they are under the influence of alcohol.
誰也不得酒后開車。
His new girlfriend has been a good influence on him．
他的新女朋友對他有著良好的影響。
Her style of painting has been influenced by Japanese art．
她的畫風一直受到日本藝術的影響。
拓展：
affect一般指生理／物質上的改變
influence較多用于指感覺／態度上的改變
[考題5](1)Over-heating development might have bad ______ on
the national economy．
A．cause B．influence C．result D．factor
[答案] B
(2)My parents considered my friend to be a bad ______ on me．
A．effort B．influence C．affect D．result
[解析] affect主要用作動詞=have an effect on , effort指努力，result指結果，均不合題意。[答案] B
(3)Honestly speaking，it is my teacher’s ______ that mademe finally take up my present career as a biology researcher．
A．advantage B．influence C．taste D．guard
[解析] 根據題意,是老師的影響讓我最終從事了現在的事業.A項advantage意為“優勢”，taste意為“口味”，“guard”，意為“警戒”， 均不符合題意[答案]B
6．judge vt.判斷，鑒定,斷定，認為,審判
n ．法官,審判員,裁判員
I'm no judge of music．我對音樂是外行。
She is a good judge of wine．
她是鑒別酒的專家。
Who will judge the next case?
誰將審理下一個案子?
拓展：
judge…by／from…由……來判斷
judging from…由……來看
Judging from what you say，he ought to succeed.
從你說的來看，他應該成功。
[考題6](1)______ from his accent，he must be_____ America．
A． Judged；from B．To judge；of
C．Judging；from D．Judging；of
[答案]C
(2)____ from the number of cars，he thought，there were not many people at the club yet．
A．To judge B．Judged C．Judging D．Having judged
[解析]judging from/by﹍ 由﹍來看, 由﹍判斷,為固定結構.[答案]C
7．approach n.靠近；走近；方法；途徑 vi ＆ vt 走近；靠近；著手(考慮)處理；(因事)找或接近
The approach of winter brings cold weather．
冬天的臨近使天氣轉冷了。
All approaches are blocked．所有的道路都堵塞了。
He approached the problem with caution．他開始認真考慮這個問題。
[考題7] When is the best time to ______ my employer about an increase in salary?
A．arrive at B．get to C．reach D．approach
[解析] 本題考查動詞和短語詞義辨析。A、B、c三項表示具體的“到達……”，D為與﹍接洽或交涉 [答案]D
8．表示“構成”的三個詞組
consist of 構成；由11組成
make up 構成；組成
be made up of 由11構成
Light consists of waves．光由波構成。
A car is made up of many different parts．
一輛小轎車由很多不同的部分組成。
Eleven players make up a football team．
一支足球隊由11名隊員組成。
[考題8] The world is seven continents and four oceans．
A．made up of B．made out of
C．made from D．made in (全國高考題)
[解析]be made from表示“由……制成”，be made in表示“在……
生產”，均不合題意。[答案] A
9．make(+the)+n.+of詞組小結
make the most of充分利用/展現
make the best of 好好去做，往好里做
make the worst of(在困難情況下)不肻好好干
make use of 利用
He wanted to make the most of his chance to learn．
他想充分利用他的機會來學習。
One must learn to make the best of a bad job．
一個人必須要學會把一個壞工作好好地干好。
Do you want to make use of my bicycle?你想用我的自行車嗎?
[考題9]Such good use has been his spare time his
English has improved a 1ot．
A．made of：that B．made of；as
C．made in；that D．found in；as(2003年成都診斷題)
[解析]分析句子結構在解答本題時占極其重要的作用。句中含詞組make good use of及句型such1that。use被提到句首，后面的組成部分不能少了make與of；另外such good use 也放在句首，表示強調。本句是一個結果狀語從句，所以不用引導定語從句的such…as [答案] A
10. as+adj./adv.+as的用法
(1)表示“﹙可數的量﹚多達”時用as many as；表示“﹙不可數的量﹚多達”時，用as much as。
As many as 10 or 11 poople were found living in a single room．
多達十到十一人被發現生活在一個單間里。
She earned as much as 50 dollars a week．
她每周掙的錢達50美元。
(2)as far as 表示“和11一樣遠；遠到；據……所知”。
Let’s walk as far as the bus station.
讓我們走到車站去吧。
As far as I know，7 Chinese were kidnapped.
據我所知，有七名中國人遭到綁架。
[考題15]
(1)一Our holiday cost a 1ot of money．
一Did it?Well，that doesn't matter--you enjoyed yourselves．
A.as well as B．as good as
C．as far as D．as long as(2002年北京東城區題)
[解析] as good as有本義(和……一樣好)與比喻義(幾乎；差不多已經)。as long as也是如此；“像……一樣長；只要(類似于if)”as Well as除了作連詞外，還有本義：“和……一樣好”。[答案]D
(2)John plays football ，if not better than，David．
A．as well B．as well as
C．so well D．so well as
[解析] 這是個條件狀語從句，由此可知空白處表示“和……一樣好”，肯定句中用as weU as，否定句中多用so well as。[答案] B
10．三個“國家”的區別
nation，state和country均可表示“國家”，但是nation指具有某些共同特征的人群、民族居住在一個地區，擁有一個獨立的政府的“國家”；state強調政治意義上的“國家”；country強調國土意義上的 國家。
Railways in Britain belong to the State．
在英國，鐵路屬于國家所有。
Which country's weather is most 1ike China’s?
哪個國家的天氣與中國的最相像?
[考題10]India，which is one member of the united ，is a
developing with the second largest population in the world
A．States；state B．Nations；country
C．Countries；nation D．Nafions；state
[答案] B
11．含hold的詞組小結
Hold on!Everything will be 0K． 堅持下去!一切都會好的。
Wait．Ho1d on a minute!別忙掛電話。
Hold up your hands!請舉手。
The traffic was held up by an accident． 車輛被事故堵住了。
Take／catch ho1d of my hand!抓住我的手!
We cannot be defeated while we hold together．
我們團結在一起就不會被擊敗。
[考題1 1] We thought of selling this old furniture，but
we’ve decided to it．It might be valuable．
A．ho1d on to B．keep up with C．turn to D．1ook after
(2002年全國高考題)
[解析] keep up with表示“跟上”，turn to表示“轉向”，1ook after表示“照顧”。語境表示“……我們決定不賣，因為它可能有價值。” 所缺短語含義為“不要放棄／不賣掉”。本題要充分利用排除法，因為平時只見到hold on，很少拓展hold on to的用法，因此了解一下常用詞組的次常見含義有必要的。[答案] A
12．含run的詞組小結
(1)本單元中的run over作“(車輛)輾壓；溢出；匆匆看／復習一遍；預演一遍；簡短地說一遍”講。
He was run over by a car．他被車輾了。
The water ran over the edge of the jar．水溢出壇邊了。
The speaker ran over his notes before the 1ecture．
演講之前，演說者又看了一遍稿子。
(2)含run的詞組還有：
run across邂逅 run into撞上／進
run away走掉 run out(of)用光
run away from逃避 run through匆忙看
be on the run忙碌 in the long run從長遠看
[考題20]
(1)Be careful when you cross this very busy street．If not，you may run over by a car．(2002年北京高考題)
A．have B．get C．become D．turn
[解析] run over在本句中的含義為“被車輾過啊”。從用法上看， 此處應使用被動語態，而只有get done可以構成特殊的被動語態，表示遭遇到不幸等含義。[答案] B
(2)We are water．We’d better store some．
A．running out B．running out of
C．run out D．run out of
[解析]run out表示“用光”，是個不及物動詞，后面不能接賓語也不可用于被動語態，所以A、C兩項被排除。D項是被動形式，也不接語。
[答案] B
13. 含time的詞組小結
at a time一次；每次
at one time一度；曾經(=once)
at the same time與此同時；雖然如此
from time to time時而，不時地
in time及時；遲早、終究
on time準時，按時
at times有時候(=sometimes)
a11 the time一直
[考題13] ，I 1ost heart in English learning，but my teacher often said to me，“Keep on working hard；you’llsucceed ．”
A．At a time；in time B．At a time；on time
C．At one time；in time D．At one time；on time
[解析]本題顯然是考查at a time與at one time、in time與ontime的用法及區別。注意從at one time相當于once(one與once很相似)、in time有兩重含義(相當于sooner or later)這兩個技巧與能力方面入手，即可找出本題答案。[答案] C
14．“of+修飾詞+n.”的用法
(1)be of+抽象名詞，相當于“be+其同根形容詞”，表示“是……的”，該抽象名詞前可以加much，great，little，some，no等詞修飾。
The book is of great importance(=very important)to you.
(2)be of+普通名詞。該普通名詞一般沒有相應的形容詞，所以不存在“be+adj．”的轉換形式。
Coins may be of different sizes，weights，shapes and different metals.硬幣可能大小、重量、形狀不同，所用金屬材料不同。
They were both of middle height． 他們倆都是中等身材。
(3)be of+不定冠詞或one等詞+名詞，表示“同一的”。
The coats are of a colour．這衣服顏色一樣。
we are of one opinion．我們意見相同。
The two pairs of shoes are of one size．
=The two pairs of shoes are of the same size．
這兩雙鞋大小一樣。
(4)be of+普通名詞或物質名詞，表示“由……制成”，“由……組成”。
The wall is of stone．=The wall is made of stone．
這墻是用石頭砌成的。
(2)Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food．(2000年全國高考題)
A．the；a B．／；a C．the；the D．／；the
[解析] kind是個可數名詞，所以前面加不定冠詞a；a differen kind作定語，修飾animals，而此處animals泛指任何動物，所以前面不加冠詞。[答案] B
(3)--How many parts is the bed wood ?
一Three separate parts．
A．made of；made up of B．made from；made up
C．making of；making up D．making from；making up of
[解析] 分析句子結構可知，“--wood'’作定語，修飾bed，表示“由木材制成的”，用the bed made of wood表示；第二空與is構成詞組“由……組成”，用be made up of表示。[答案] A
15．表示“據說”的三種句型及拓展
(1)It is said that+主語+謂語部分
(2)People say that+主語+謂語部分
(3)主語+be+said+to+謂語部分
It is said that the population is 3 million．
=People say that the population is 3 million．
=The population is said to be 3 million．據說人口是三百萬。
拓展：類似詞還有：report，know，believe，hope，suppose，tell．
[考題15]
(1) at least a score of buildings will be built soon．
A．It hopes B．It is hoped that
C．We are hoped D．It is wished that
[解析] hope只可接單賓語，故排除c項。It is hoped that．．．意為“人們希望……” [答案] B
(2) that he has retumed home for one month．
A．It is said B．It said C．It was said D．It says
[解析] It is said that“據說……”。由“has”一詞可知本題時態，故不可選C項。答案為A。
16．名詞性從句(I)--賓語從句和表語從句
(1)賓語從句中that與what的用法 ．
what在賓語從句中，有代替名詞的作用，在句中可作主語、賓語或
表語。that只起引導作用，不作任何成分，可省略。
He seems different from what he used to be．
(作表語)他看上去與過去不一樣了。
-The fire destroyed what was in the building．
(作主語)大火摧毀了大樓里的東西。
(2)賓語從句中復合關系名詞whoever，whichever，whatever等有代替名詞的作用
You may do whatever(anything that)you like．
(“無論什么”，作賓語)你可以想做什么就做什么。
You can choose whichever you 1ike．
(“無論哪一個”；作賓語)你能選擇所喜歡的任意一個。
(3)表語從句常考點
(1)對引導詞(連詞)的正確選擇。表語從句可由that，what,
who(whom)，when，where，how，why，whether等連詞引導。
The question is whether we can catch the early bus．
問題是我們是否能趕上早班車。
(2)含有幾個須用虛擬語氣作賓語的詞（如：suggest，advise，order等）或名詞的表語從句中也用（should）do 形式。
My suggestion (advice) is that he (should) be sent to hospital at once.
[考題24](1)Sometimes we are asked__ the likely result of an action will be．
A．that we think B．what we think
C．what do we think D．that what we think
[解析] 賓語從句是名詞性從句中的考查熱點，其中又以測試引導詞、語序、主從句的時態占絕大比例。選項中we think為一插入成分，解題時可將其放在一邊。句中be動詞后缺表語，因此應用what。 [答案]B
(2)Go and get your coat．It’s you left it．
A．there B．where C．there where D．where there
[解析] 本題考查引導名詞性從句的連接副詞的用法。在從句中,there是不能引導句子的，因為there只是副詞，不是連接副詞。Where引導表語從句并在從句中作狀語。[答案] B
(3)The difficulty we now meet with is we can persuade him to tell the truth．
A．that B．what C．how D．why
[解析] 句意為“我們現在碰到的問題是如何能夠說服他講實話。”
[答案] C
(4)After five hours’drive，they reached--they thought was the place they'd been drearning of.
A．that B．where C．which D．what
[解析] 句中they thought是插入語成分，所以引導詞引導賓語從句且作主語，只有what符合題意。[答案] D
能力題型設計
[預測1]一My mathematics is very poor．
一Don’t worry．I'll help you I can．
A．as far as B．as soon as
C．as quickly as D．as possible as
[預測2]Don’t all speak at once! ，please．
A．Each at one time B．One by one time
C．One at a time D．One for each time
[預測3]一May I put my luggage on the seat beside you，sir，if it is free?
-
A．Oh，please yourself B．Well，never mind
C．Yes，help yourself D．Sure，with pleasure
[預測4]一Why would you go to China in a million years?
一Because I want to see in the future．
A．what China will 1ook like B．what will China look like
C．China will 1ook Iike what D．what 1ook will China lik
[預測5]I have found out they will ask to leade the victory march on Saturday.
A．when B．where C．whom D．how
[預測6]一Why do you drink so much coffee?
一Well， it doesn't keep me awake at night，I see no harm in it．
A．although B．as 1ong as C．while D．where
[預測7]His ability has never been in doubt the question is he is prepared to work hard．
A．if B．that C．when D．whether
[預測8]Do you think the young man Miss Alice is shaking hands with Mary?
A．pretty B．beautiful C．1ovely D．handsome
[預測9]we met with many different people and various things all the journey．
A．a1ong B．over C．through D．around
[預測10]As unemployment is very high nowadays，it’s very difficult for poeple to find work．
A．the；不填 B．the；a c．不填；不填 D．an；the
[預測11]we sometimes refer to the people of a as the ．
A．country；nation B．nation；state
C．country；state D．nation；country
[預測12]The committee is--of fifteen members．
A．invented B．consisted C．formed D．made up
[預測13]一I shall be sent to England to see my grandmother．
一Really?You should make the--of this chance to improve your
oral English．
A．most B．much C．advantage D．better
[預測14]一Dad，I have doubt about myself whether I shall go on with my present career．
--Don't be discouraged，my boy.If you insist on what you are doing，you’ll--a successful man．
A．make B．form C．get D．grow
[預測15 ]-Why must you stay in the countryside, no electricity, no television, no computer?
-Oh, no, I have found it for my health.
A. great value B. of great valuable
C. rather valuable D. of very value
[預測16 ] A number of scientists __ that the number of wild animals getting smaller and smaller.
A. says ; are B. say ; is
C. says ; have been D. say; were
[預測17 ]-Excuse me,did you see a red car rushing here?
-Oh, yes, it sped .
A. in the east B. to east
C. east D. to easterly
[預測18 ]Violence on TV may turn out to be a strong __ on some young people.
A. proof B. impression C. influence D. basis
[預測19]The British Isles are surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and
A. the North Sea is to the east
B. the North Sea to the east
C. to the east is the North Sea
D. to the east the North Sea
[預測20]With spring ,the weather became warmer.
A.approaches B. approaching C.approach D.appoached
短文改錯：
When tea and coffee was first introduced to Europe1.
in 18th century,people thought they were harmful. 2.
So the king of Sweden decided to find out whether this3.
was true or not. It was happened that there were two4.
brothers were in prison at the time. The king ordered5.
one of them drink tea every day and the other coffee.6.
Both of them have lived many years without any problem.7.
At last the one who had to drink tea every day died at 8.
the age of 83 and the other lived even long. Because of 9.
this, Sweden is today one of the countries where many tea andcoffee are drunk. 10.
Keys:
1．A as far as I can表示“盡我所能”。若選D，possible改為Possibly。
2．C at a time表示“每次；一次”。句意為“大家不要一齊說；每次一個人來說。”
3．A please yourself表示“請便”，相當于do as you please。
4．A see后面的賓語從句中用陳述句語序；特殊疑問詞what應放在句首。
5．C引導詞指人，且作ask的賓語。
6．B句意表示“只要”。
7．D 主語是“問題”，所以應由疑問詞引導才行；if不引導表語從句。
8．D 表示男性英俊瀟灑用handsome，其他三個詞多用于女性。
9．C through此處指自始至終。
10．C “失業(unemployment)”及“工作(work)”二詞均為不可數名詞。
11．A根據題意可知，前空應為country。the people of a country意為“一個國家的人民”，后空應表示“民族”。
12．D be made up of“由……組成”。consist of不用被動。
13．A make the most of=take advantage of表示“充分利用”。
14．A make表示“成為……”；form多用于多個部分形成一個整體；grow后接into才符合題意。
15．C 選項A、B和D都改為“of great value”才對。
16．B A number of+復數名詞作主語，謂語用復數；the numberof+復數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。
17．C east作副詞，表示“向東方”；選項B改為to the east，這時east作名詞用，easterly是副詞，前面不加介詞。
18．C proof表示“證明”，impression：表示“印象”，basis表示“基礎”，均不符合語境“影響”
19. B
20. B
短文改錯
1．was→were 2．in后加the 3．this→it 4.It后was去掉
5．去掉were 6．drink前加to 7．have去掉 8.√
9．1ong→1onger 10．many→much
最新五年高考名題詮解
1．(2004年全國卷Ⅳ)The road is covered with snow．I can’t understand
they insist on going by motorbike．
A．why B．whether C．when D．how
[解析]本題考查賓語從句的引導詞。根據語句的意義,選A項比較恰當。句意為“路面上覆蓋滿了雪，我不明白他們為什么堅持騎摩托車呢。”[答案] A
2．(2004年湖南高考題)I think Father WOUld like to know I've
been up to so far，so I decide to send him a quick note．
A．which B．why C．what D．how
[解析] 考查賓語從句連詞用法，由結構sb．be up to sth．可知，應選what作介詞to的賓語。[答案] C
3．(2004年北京高考題)We cannot figure out quite a number of
insects，birds，and animals are dying out．
A．that B．as C．why D．when
[解析]本題考查賓語從句知識，figure out為及物動詞，故此句為語從句，從句意得知連詞在從句中作原因狀語。故選why。 [答案] C
4．(2004年廣東高考題)Parents are taught to understand important education is to their children's future．
A．that B．how C．such D．so
[解析]understand是個及物動詞，故后接賓語從句；賓語從句中還含有感嘆句型：how+adj.+主語+謂語部分。[答案]B
5．(2004年上海春季高考題)The other day，my brother drove his car down the street at I thought was a dangeous speed．
A．as B．which C．what D．that
[解析]I thought為插入語，對句子結構不產生影響；at后為賓語從
句，引導詞作主語，故用what。
[答案]C
6．(2004年北京春季高考題) I can see，there is only one
possible way to keep away from the danger．
A．As long as B．As far as
C．Just as D．Even if
[解析]“據我所知”應譯為as far as I see。
[答案]B
7．(2002年上海春季高考題)The cakes are delicious．He’d 1ike to have third one because second one is rather too small．
A．a；a B．the；the C．a；the D．the；a
[解析] 當序數詞表示順序時用定冠詞the；表示再來一個用不定冠詞a(an)。從句子的意思可知，third one表示再吃一個，所以third前用a；second one表示所吃的是第二個，所以前用the。[答案] c
8．(2004年湖南高考題)You can't wear a blue jacket that shirt-it’ll
1ook terrible．
A．on B．above C．up D．over
[解析] 考查介詞用法。 on"在……上面”強調物品的準確相對位置
above“在……上方”強調大致的相對位置；up‘上面”，強調方向，不表示具體位置；over“在……處”強調“覆蓋”的含義。 [答案] D
9．(2003年北京高考題)They had a pleasant talk a cup of coffee．
A．for B．with C．during D．over
[解析]a cup of coffee實指一杯茶的時間，“在……時間內”用介詞 over。[答案]D
10． --The boys are not doing a good job at all，are they?
- . (2003年北京春季高考題)
A．I guess not so B．I don’t guess
C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not
[解析] 用來代替第一句中的否定句are not doing a good job at all 要用not。[答案] D
11．(2001年上海高考題)The sunlight came in the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room．
A．through B．across C．on D．over
[解析] 光線是從窗子內部穿過，故用through。[答案] A
12．(2001年全國高考題)A computer can only do you have instructed it to do．
A．how B．after C．what D．when
[解析]what引導賓語從句作do的賓語。[答案]C
13．(2001年上海春季高考題)What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．
A．when B．how C．whether D．why
[解析] 題中已有時間詞soon，所以A項被排除。How表示“如何”，why表示“為什么”，明顯不合題意。[答案]c
14．(2001年上海春季高考題)Little Tom was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster he had done the day before．
A．that B．how C．where D．what
[解析]這是一個賓語從句。賓語從句中he had done后缺少賓語，所以要填what。句意為“小湯姆不愿意告訴他的校長前一天他做了什么。”[答案] D
15．(2000年全國高考題)It's always difficult being in a foreign country ,if you don’t speak the 1anguage．
A．extremely B.naturally
C.basically D．especially
[解析] 句意為“身處外國是很艱難的，尤其是你(especially)如果不講當地語言的話。[答案] D
16．(2002年全國高考題)The taxi driver often reminds passengers to
their belongings when they leave the car．
A．keep B．catch C．hold D．take
[解析] 句意為“乘客下車時，帶走他的隨身物品。”[答案] D
17．(2002年北京高考題)His mother had thought it would be good for his
character to from home and earn some money on his own．
A．run away B．take away
C．keep away D．get away
[解析] 句意為“離開家在外，獨立自主地掙一些錢對他的性格是有好 處的。”run away from表示“從……逃跑”,take away from表示“使停學；使離開”，keep away from表示“避開；使下去”。[答案] D
知識與能力同步測控題
(滿分120分；時間100分鐘)
一、單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分。滿分15分) 從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
1．We can’t believe that he drew such a silly conclusion according
to_______he took for granted(想當然)．-
A．as B．that C．what D．it
2. Tom insist what he said true and we insisted that he and have a look．
A．be；should go B．should be；would go
C．was；go D．was；would go
3．The little stone house near the lake is just it was 20 years ago
A．the same B．that C．as D．1ike
4．一I’ve got--I am by hard work．
-No,you didn’t．You got with your father’s money．
A．there；where B．where；there
C．there；there D．where；where
5．一The family will do everything for him．
-That is they go wrong．
A．when B．how C．because D．where
6．After five hours’drive，they reached they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.
A．that B．where C．which D．what
7.--I don't know whether I should go abroad or not，Mum．
--I leave to your own judgment whether you should do it．
A．that B．it C．this D．what
8．-Can children swim in the pool?
一Yes．However，at no time they do so alone．
A．may B．need C．could D．should
9．一Why do you drink so much coffee?
一Well，--it doesn’t keep me wake at night，I see no harm in it.
A．although B．as 1ong as
C．while D．where
10．一Is registering(登記)for a pet dog very expensive?
一Yes．In Tianjing，it can cost 2，000 yuan．
A．as high I as B．as much as
C．so high as D．so much as
11．It takes to do a thing right than explajn why you did it wrong
A．1ess time B．fewer times
C．more times D．much time
12．The president sajd firmly that would he leave Iraq．
A．at any time B．at one time
C．in no time D．at no time
13．一He is very poor in his study．
-Take it easy．We will help him we can．
A．whatever B．no matter which C.as well as D．as far as
14．Being able to speak another language fluently is a great when you're Iooking for a job．
A．advantage B．chance
C．assistant D．importance
15．Bamboo,a special kind of grass，Can be made chairs，
tables,curtains and some other things．
A．up of B．from C．of D．into
二、完形填空(共20小題；每小題1．5分。滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項(A、B、c、D)中，選出最佳選項。
When Ronaldinho(小羅納爾多)scored the decisive goal for Brazil and pushed Endand out of the 2002 world Cup，not all British people were disppointed． 16 ，many fans in Scotland celebrated England's failure．
This may sound 17 but Scottish people have their own world football team and national league．The first match between Scotland and 18 was played as 19 as 1871．And today Scotland still plays 20 Endand in various competitions including the World Cup and UEFA Cup(歐洲聯盟杯)．If they 21 ,it would be a Scottish flag that’s raised．
Football in the UK mirrors the countries’cultural 22 ．It shows the relative independence of Scotland，which 23 itself more from England than either Wales of Northern Ireland．
Scotland was 24 a totally independent kingdom．During the ninth century，it had a good many 25 and bloody wars with Endand．The English and Scottish thrones(王權)were 26 in 1603 and again in 1707，when Scotland 27 became a part of Great Britain．
Today，many Scots are 28 about the English entering and 29 their country．There is a deep and 30 divide between the two nations．Scotland has 1ong fought for more 31 and now has its legal(法律的)and education systems．
This northern country is famous 33 its mountainous and beautiful scenery．Much of the famous highlands within the UK 34 in Scotland．
Scottish women are recognizable by their red and green tartan (格子呢)wools．The material can be seen in Scotland's everyday life．Scottish men are famous for wearing kilts(方格呢短裙)．They 35 to wear them at weddings and in parades when the Scots play traditional bagpipes(風笛)．
16．A．Besides B．Instead C．What’s more D．Such as
17．A．strange B．special C．surprised D．natural
18．A．Brazil B．England C．Britain D．Wales
19．A．1ong B．far C．early D．o1d
20．A．with B．for C．against D．through
21．A．played B．celebrated C．scored D．won
22．A．interests B．differences
C. similarities D. changes
23. A. unites B. divides C. breaks D. separates
24. A. never B. still C. once D. yet
25. A. disagreements B. diversities
C. controls D. influences
26. A. formed B. consisted
C. separated D. united
27. A. formally B. generally
C. namely D..afterwards
28. A. curious B. happy C. bitter D. pleased
29. A. approaching B. ruling
C. separating D. employing
30. A. powerful B. mistaken
C. ancient D. historical
31. A. proofs B. republic
C. independence D. Conquer
32. A. own B. national C. personal D. private
33. A. as B. to C. for D. because
34. A. includes B. forms C. lies D. consists
35. A. offer B. prepare C. fail D. tend
三、閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)
A
One of Britain's bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected (可疑的 )police killer David Bieber---and was thanked with flowers by the police. It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to ￡30,000 reward money,
Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki,who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bieber's bedroom and to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm into the building.
She said:"I was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park I was so glad they were there. "
The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious(懷疑)of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before NewYear's Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said: "He didn't seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact (接觸)." Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her bosses Margaret, 64, and husband Stall McKale,65 ,who phoned the police at 11 pm..
Officers from Northumbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunston, Gatesbeed, at about 11:30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes.
"It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said ' Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside. My heart missed a beat.
Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key.
"I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that part of the hotel,so I went to watch. I could not see into the man's room,but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed(戴手銬). ”
36. The underlined phrase "be in line for"( Paragraph 1 )means .
A. get B. be paid C. ask for D. own
37. Vicki became suspicious of David Bieber because .
A. the police called her
B. he looked very strange
C. he came to the hotel with little luggage
D. he came to the hotel the day before New Year's Eve
38. Vicki's heart missed a beat because .
A. the phone went again
B. she would be famous
C. the policemen had already arrived
D. she saw 20 policemen in the car park
39. David Bieber was most probably handcuffed in .
A. the passage B. the man's room
C. Vicki's bedroom D. the top floor room
40. The:whole event probably lasted about hours from the moment Bieber came to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers.
A. 6 B. 8 C. 11 D. 14
B
The tower of Big Ben, London's most famous building, has always leaned slightly, but construction work on a new line for the London Underground seemed likely to give the tower a real lean. Engineers have had to prop up(支撐) its base to prevent it from damaging the rest of the Houses of Parliament.
To control the tower's movement, engineers pumped out grout(水泥漿) into the soil under.the tower. The tower now leans an extra few centimeters, but the lean can only be seen by the most sharp-eyed observer.
Between 1995 and 1997, to lengthen the Jubilee line of the Underground, builders dug a 40-metre-deep hole just 31 metres north of the clock tower. And the new tube (underground) tunnels were even nearer to the tower. John Burland, who recently helped stop the increasing lean in the Leaning Tower of Pisa and was an adviser to the Jubilee line project, believed the work would affect the tower. In his opinion, no further lean should go beyond a safety limit of 27.5 millimetres over the existing lean of 220 millimetres.
To keep the lean within this limit, Burland told the British Association about the new method of pumping grout immediately under the base of the tower. More than 300 tons of grout were pumped in during construction. The towers additional lean went between 10 and 25 millimetres ,but never passed 27.5 millimetres.
After the construction work was completed in late 1997, a review of movements in nearby walls showed that the building was in better shape than had been thought before and the safety measurements, taken this year, suggest that the tower's lean had just reached 35 millimetres. But following regular re-examinations of the tower, experts are sure that the tower has stabilized (穩定). A spokesman for London Underground says, " We understand the tower has stabilized and returned to its normal movement cycle. "
41. Which of the following drawing correctly shows how the propping up
construction was carried out?
42. What does the word review( in paragraph 5) mean?
A. Observation. B. Description.
C. Discussion. D. Re-examination.
43. Why was the propping up construction necessary?
A. To stop the tower of Big Ben from leaning.
B. To stop sharp-eyed people from seeing the lean.
C. To stop the Tower of Pisa from leaning too much.
D. To stop the clock tower from leaning beyond its safety limit.
44. What was the existing lean of the tower at the time when the article was writing?
A. 220 millimetres. B. 255 millimetres.
C. 35 millimetres. D. 27.5 millimetres.
45. We can infer from the article that
A. the tower of Big Ben will damage the Houses of Parliament
B. the Jubilee line should be stopped in Burlands opinion
C. the writer is blaming Burland for making a mistake
D. the propping up work has proved to be successful
C
Have you ever used a typewriter? If not, you've surely seen one. This useful machine has a most interesting history.
Although you may think that the typewriter is a modern invention,the idea goes as far back as the early 1700s. It was then, in 1714,that England's Queen Anne granted Henry Mill the first patent( 專利)for a machine that typed letters. Called An Artificial Machine or Method For Impressing Letters, the machine remained just a design on paper.
Various other typing machines were invented over the next hundred years or so. However, all of them had the same problem: they required more time to use than writing the same material by hand. Things improved a little around 1829 when an American named William Butt invented a machine called the desired letter.He also pressed a bar to link the paper. The machine printed letters well, but it had a top speed of only five words a minute.
Finally, in 1874, a more practical machine was introduced to the public. Invented by an American Christopher Sholes and some of his companions, the machine was set up by E. Remington and Sons and called the "Remington Model No. 1 ". It was the first typewriter to have the kind of typewriter keyboard we know today.
You may have a look at the typewriter keyboard and wonder about the strange arrangement of letters. As a matter of fact, the keys were so arranged to force typists to type lower. Typing too fast caught the keys of Remington 1 pressed together. They still follow this early arrangement of letters of the keyboard.
46. What does the writer mainly talk about in this passage?
A. What a typewriter is.
B. How the typewriter was invented.
C. The function and use of a typewriter.
D. Remington and his invention.
47. "An Artificial Machine" was .
A. the first typewriter that was made by Henry Mill
B. highly praised by England's Queen as the first typewriter
C. hardly produced at all
D. made as the first typewriter in 1714
48. The first typewriters were made .
A. from 1700 to 1714
B. in the eighteenth century
C. in the nineteenth century
D. in the twentieth century
49. That the keyboard was designed so as today is because .
A. the inventor wanted to make typing slower than writing
B. the inventor meant to prevent the keys from being pressed
together
C. that it was arranged strangely
D. it has nothing to do with Remington
50. We can infer from the passage that modern typewriters are better that and different from the one invented by Sholes and his companions except for .
A. the size B. the keyboard
C. the form of letters D. the arrangement of the letters
D
The British have enjoyed an increase in IQ unmatched by anybody else in the developed world over the past 60 years, a study has revealed. James Flynn, a professor at the University of Otago in New Zealand and a leading authority on intelligence quotient (智商), says he has found an "exceptional and unappreciated" rise.
Last year the professor announced a worldwide increase in IQ showing that we are generally brighter than our parents, but are outwitted by our children. He suggested that the complexities( 復雜性) of modem life were stimulating ( 刺激) the brain. Now a comparison of data from thousands of tests in universities and the army in 20 countries has shown that this socalled Flynn Effect is greatest in Britain, with a 27-point increase in average IQ Since the Second World War.
Much of the British advantage comes from speaking English,the standard tool of communication in commerce and culture. TheBritish also benefit from IQ-boosters ( 推助器 ) such as lower truancy(逃學) and better nutrition than in America. This may help to explain why the typical British reader of J. R. R Tolkien's The lord of the Rings was believed to be 25 in the mid 1950s and 18 during the late 1960s, whereas the book is now widely enjoyed by 12-year-olds.
Psychologists believe up to 80% of an IQ score is determined
by genes. But a formula for high IQ would also include a larger-
than-average head and breast-feeding because milk helps the grainto develop. Bill Dickens,Flynn's research partner at the BrookingsInstitution in Washington D. C, believes the challenge of changingjobs may also have an impact: " In which case countries like Britain, which have high levels of job changes, should produce some very bright people whose most obvious sign of their intelligence istheir insecurity(不安分) ".
51. According to James Flynn, .
A. the British have had a sharp increase in IQ
B. the British remain at the same level in IQ
C. the British are the most clever people in the world
D. the British are cleverer than other people in the developed world
52. The underlined word " outwitted" in the second paragraph probably means .
A. matched in wisdom
B. defeated by being cleverer
C. followed in wisdom
D. looked down upon
53. According to James Flynn, people in the world are generally
brighter because .
A. people live a better life than before
B. people enjoy better education
C. modem life is getting hard
D. modem life is not so simple as before
54. Which of the following is not a reason for the increase in
IQ of the British?
A. Speaking English. B. Changing jobs.
C. Higher truancy. D. Better nutrition.
55. The example of the typical BritiSh readers of The lord of the Rings shows that .
A. the younger a reader is, the more likely he will enjoy reading the book
B. it is the most difficult book to read
C. people are becoming brighter
D. it is more popular in Britain than in America
四、短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷:如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾(√)；如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤)，則按下列情況改正：
此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。
England is no a big country:from north to south and 56
from east to west, it is only about three hundreds miles57
across. But for a small country it has a surprised range58
of climates. People who have ever visited England, or 59
who has visited only one part of it, often make the mistake60
of thinking that it is cold and wet county. Except for 61
the summer months of June to September, this is probably 62
true in the north of England and the Midlands.In the south, however, ~e climate is too much more 63
pleasant. One result is because when people retire from a64
job in the north they often prefer move to the milder south.65
五、書面表達(滿分25分)
雪梅鎮是一個依山傍水的小鎮。過去，這里的人們生活極其貧困。解放以后，人們生活的各個方面都發生了很大變化。
請根據下面表格里的提示，自擬題目，寫一篇短文，介紹該鎮的變化情況。
人 口 約20萬
面 積 約36平方公里
地理概況 座落在太行山腳下，面臨一條大河。新建有許多工廠、商店、醫院、學校等。
教育狀況 解放前只有一所學校。只有富家子弟可以上學。現在有10所學校，每個孩子都可以上學。
生活狀況 豐富多彩。人們工作之余，可以逛商店、看電影、跳舞、參加體育活動等。
注意：
1．情況介紹必須采用短文形式；
2．要有標題；
3．詞數：120左右。