作者：郝昌明
一、數(shù)詞竟然有復數(shù),平時學習不注意
難點介紹:
對數(shù)詞的掌握不少同學建立在基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞及其轉(zhuǎn)換上,很少有人會想到數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式,結(jié)果造成高考中的失分。
題例分析:
例1:It is rare in ________ that people in ________ fifties are going to university for further education.
A. 90s; the B. the 90s; /
C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their
析:D。 第一空表"在90年代",應用in the 90s短語;第二空表"在他們五十多歲時",應用 in their fifties短語,但不少同學不了解數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式,結(jié)果只能亂選一氣。
例2:All of the students came into the classroom by ________.
A. two and three B. twos and three
C. two and threes
D. twos and threes
析:D。三三兩兩應表達為by twos and threes,但有些同學因?qū)?shù)詞的復數(shù)形式缺乏了解而造成解題錯誤。
例3:It is said that this terrible matter happened in ________.
A. eighties B. eighty C. the eighty D. the eighties
析:D。in the eighties表"在八十年代",符合題意,但有些同學因?qū)@種語法現(xiàn)象知之甚少而造成解題錯誤。
應對方法:重視數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式,熟悉數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式,如by twos and threes三三兩兩,in the eighties在八十年代;in his forties在他四十多歲時;in the 1980's/1980s在二十世紀八十年代。
二、特殊數(shù)詞記不住,考試難免會出錯
難點介紹:
不少同學對基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞非常熟悉,但對分數(shù)、百分數(shù)、半數(shù)、倍數(shù)等特殊數(shù)詞形式不太了解,即使有所接觸也因其形式復雜而失分。
題例分析:
例1:It is reported that the United States uses ________ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice muchC. twice much as D. twice as much
析:D。該題考查倍數(shù)的表達方法,其結(jié)構(gòu)為:A... times as 形容詞/副詞原級as B,不少考生沒記住這個結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)果造成失分。
例2:He did it ________ it took me.
A. one-third a time
B. one-third time
C. the one-third time
D. one-third the time
析:D。分數(shù)的表達方式為:先講分子,再講分母,分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,分子大于1時分母用序數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式,中間加連字符號。分數(shù)應放在所修飾的名詞前面。不少考生對分數(shù)構(gòu)成及其用法特點缺乏了解,容易造成失分。
例3:Can't you see this map is _______ small as that one?
A. half as B. as half C. two-ninth as D. two as
析:A。 A是B...的一半可表達為:A is half as...as B。但如果記不住這一結(jié)構(gòu),在極易混淆的備選答案前考生難免莫衷一是。
例4:Look, this bridge is only ________ that one.
A. as long as four-fifths B. four-fifths as long as
C. as four-fifths as long D. as four-fifths long as
析:B。A是B...的幾分之幾可表達為:A is +分數(shù)+as...as B。這種試題的備選答案形式相似,混淆度高,如果句型記憶不牢極易造成失分。
應對方法:熟悉分數(shù)、百分數(shù)、半數(shù)、倍數(shù)的表達方式和A是B的幾分之幾/百分之幾/一半/幾倍的表達方式,并增強其使用意識。