I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.interview the headmaster and other teacher about the school rules
and the ways to learn all the subjects
2>.make a world map of English-speaking countries
3>.collect words different in spelling,pronunciation,or meaning between
British English and American English,to make a list
2.Function: language difficulties in communication
Can you spell that?
Could you repeat that,please?
What do you mean by...?
Could you speak a bit slowly,please?
Sorry,I didn t follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say...in English?
How do you pronounce...?
What does...mean?
Can you say that in a different way?
3.Vocabulary
bathroom;towel;closet;pronounce;broad;repeat;majority;native;total;tongue;
equal;government;situation;international;organization;trade;tourism;global;
communicate;communication;exchange;service;signal;movement;commander;tidy;
stand;independent;fall;expression;typhoon;publish;southern;president;European;
hhowl;cookbook;compare;replace
make oneself at home;in total;except for;stay up;come about;end up with;
bring in;a great many;at the same time
4.Grammar direct and indirect speech:imperative(requests and demands)
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>Write a passage comparing American and British English.
compare
[用法]vt.1. 和...比較,對照(+with/to) 2. 比喻為,把...比作(+to)
[舉例]Compared with him, I am a bungler.
與他相比,我只能算是一個笨拙的人。
2>What is it that Joe can t find in the bathroom?
[解析]本句為特殊疑問詞開頭的強調(diào)句型.強調(diào)句型的基本構(gòu)成如下:
It + is(was) + 被強調(diào)部分 + that(who) + 句子剩余部分.
[舉例]It was in the street that I found the purse.
It is I who should be responsible for the incident.
Why was it that you used to skip classes?
3>Oh,there you are.
there you are
[用法]行了.好了.這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結(jié)果的用語.
還可以表示"瞧!""對吧(果然如此)!"等語氣.
[舉例]There you are!Then let s have some coffee.
好了,那我們來點咖啡吧.
There you are!I knew we should find iot at last.
對吧!我就知道我們一定能找到的.
4>You must be very tired.
[用法]這是一種推測,表示"一準(zhǔn)是","一定是"
[注意]否定式為can t be
5>We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.
all the way
[用法]從遠(yuǎn)道;一路上
[舉例]He was so happy that he sang all the way home.
6>You don t need to ask,just make yourself at home.
need
[用法]n. 需要;要求(+of/for)/+to-v
vt. 需要,有...必要
v.aux. (多用于疑問句和否定句)需要,必須
[舉例]We have no need to be afraid of them.
我們不必怕他們。
The garden needs watering.
花園該澆水了。(說明:該用法相當(dāng)于need to be done)
7>Is there anything that isn t clear to you?
[解釋]本句中包含定語從句的一種特別情況,即當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞時,關(guān)系代詞最好使用that.
8>Make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in class.
Make up
[用法]1. 補足 2. 編造 3. 組成
[舉例]The whole story is made up.
整個故事完全是虛構(gòu)出來的。
The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.
醫(yī)療隊由十二名醫(yī)生組成。
act ... out
[用法]1. 把...表演出來 2. 把...付諸行動
[舉例]We roared when Mary acted out the episode.
當(dāng)瑪麗繪聲繪色地描述那件事時,我們哄然大笑起來。
They are determined to act out their ideal.
她們決心把自己的理想變成行動。
9>What do you mean by...?
[解釋]本句意為"你說(做)...什么意思?"這里的介詞需要注意.
2.reading
1>There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
majority
[用法]n. 多數(shù),過半數(shù),大多數(shù)
[舉例]The majority were on Ben s side.
大多數(shù)人都站在本的一邊。
The majority of boys like football and basketball.
2>An equal number of people learn English as a second language.
a number of
[用法] 很多,后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞亦為復(fù)數(shù).
[比較]The number of students absent is five.
有五名學(xué)生缺席。
3>The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.
the number of
[用法]后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞為單數(shù)
4>In China students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong.
except for
[用法]1.除了...以外 2. 要不是由于
[舉例]The composition is quite good except for the spelling.
這篇文章除了拼寫以外,其他都不錯。
I would go to the party with you except for my broken leg.
要不是因為我腿斷了,我想與你一起去參加聚會。
[說明]關(guān)于except for和except的用法區(qū)別,本欄目有詳細(xì)解答.搜索可得.
5>English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
develop
[用法]vt.1. 使成長;使發(fā)展 2. 開發(fā) 3. 逐漸產(chǎn)生;逐漸養(yǎng)成; 5.使顯影,沖洗(底片)
vi.1. 生長;成長;形成 2. 進步;進化 3. 發(fā)展
[舉例]Swimming develops the muscles.
游泳能使肌肉發(fā)達。
The builders are developing that part of the city.
建筑商正在開發(fā)這座城市的那個地區(qū)。
6>You can use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.
communicate
[用法]vt.1. 傳達;傳遞;傳播(+to)
vi.1. 交流思想(或感情,信息等);交際,交往(+with) 2. 通訊,通話(+with)
[舉例]Did she communicate my wishes to you?
她有沒有把我的祝福轉(zhuǎn)告你?
We learn a language in order to communicate.
我們學(xué)習(xí)語言是為了交流思想。
He had no way to communicate with his brother.
他沒有辦法與他兄弟聯(lián)系。
7>With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
With so many people communicating
[用法]此為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),現(xiàn)在分詞(賓補)和people之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系.
關(guān)于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),論壇有詳解,歡迎前往查看.
have a knowledge of
[用法]對...有所了解
8>In which countries do we find most native speakers of English?
native
[用法]a.1. 天生的 2. 出生地的,祖國的,家鄉(xiāng)的 3. 本土的,本國的,土生的 4. (某地)特有的,原產(chǎn)的
n.1. 本地人,本國人 2. (某地)原有的動(植)物
[舉例]They are native speakers of English.
他們的母語是英語。
He has been away from his native Poland for three years.
他離開故土波蘭已有三年了。
9>The young father told his children to stand still.
stand still
[用法]站在那兒一動不動,stand意為處于某種狀態(tài),也有人認(rèn)為這是一種雙重謂語結(jié)構(gòu).
10>Mother told me to not to leave the door open after midnight.
leave...open
[用法]leave意為聽任,使處于某種狀態(tài)
[舉例]He left the windows open.
他讓窗子開著。
He will never leave a job unfinished.
他干什么事從來沒有不干完的.
11>turn down the radio.
turn down
[用法]關(guān)小(音量等);拒絕
[舉例]You d better turn down the radio,for the baby is sleeping.
His proposal was turned down.
他的提議被拒絕了。
12>Don t stay up too late.
stay up
[用法]熬夜,不去睡覺
[舉例]She stayed up reading until midnight.
她看書看到半夜才睡。
3.integrating skills
1>How did the difference come about?
come about
[用法]發(fā)生
[舉例]How did this come about?
這事是怎么發(fā)生的?
2>There is no quick answer to the question.
[注意]問題的答案,介詞常用to
3>In 1776 America became an independent country.
independent
[用法]a.1. 獨立的,自治的,自主的(+of) 2. 有獨立心的;自立的(+of)
[舉例]Many colonies in Africa became independent nations in the 1950 s.
非洲許多殖民地在二十世紀(jì)五十年代成了獨立國家。
My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now independent.
我的哥哥姐姐已從家里搬了出去,現(xiàn)在都自立了。
4>For a long time the language in America stayed the same.
stay the same
[用法]stay意為"繼續(xù),保持",連系動詞
[舉例]I hope the weather will stay fine.
我希望天氣能持續(xù)放晴。
5>British and American English started borrowing words from other language,ending up with fifferent words.
end up with
[用法]以...為結(jié)局;結(jié)果會...
[舉例]It is not right to laugh at the disabled.Maybe some day you will end up with disabilities.
嘲笑殘疾人是不對的.也許有一天你也會成為有殘疾的人.
6>Except for these difference in spelling,written English is more or less the same.
more or less
[用法]或多或少,有點兒;大約
[舉例]His explanation was more or less helpful.
他的解釋多少有些幫助。
7>However,most of the time people from the tow countries don t have difficulty in understaning each other.
have difficulty in understaning
[用法]做什么有困難,difficulty可用trouble替代,這里均用作不可數(shù)名詞
[舉例]I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.
我和他取得聯(lián)系沒有什么困難。
8>American English has changed over the centuries.
over
[用法]在...期間
[舉例]My grandchildren will stay over Christmas.
我的孫兒孫女們圣誕節(jié)期間將呆在這兒。
9>They started to use English,but they also brought in some words from their own language.
bring in
[用法]產(chǎn)生(利潤、進息、收入);進口;引進
[舉例]In America,pop singers may bring in millions of dollars each year.
在美國,流行歌手每年可以有數(shù)百萬的收入.
When we bring in new technology,we also bring in new ideas.
我們在引進新技術(shù)的同時,同樣引入了新的觀念.
4>workbook
1>Hi,long time no see.
[用法]好久不見了.口語用法.
2>It s been nice talking to you.Bye.
[用法]also It s nice talking to you or It s nice to talk to you
[注意]前者多見于分手時使用.后者見面也可以使用.
3>She tole him to shut up.
shut up
[用法]】(使)住口
[舉例]Will you children shut up?! I can t concentrate on my work.
孩子們可以請你們閉嘴嗎?我沒法子專心工作。
Can t you shut your friend up?
你不能叫你朋友閉嘴嗎?
4>He told me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed.
a little bit
[用法]有點;有幾分
[舉例]You d better speak a little bit slowlier so that you can make yourself understood.
你最好說慢點,這樣別人可以聽懂你的意思.
你的建議很有效。
5>He has married a Chinese girl.
marry
[用法]vt. 娶;嫁,和...結(jié)婚 vi. 結(jié)婚
[舉例]He is going to marry Jane.
他將與簡結(jié)婚。
[注意]和某人結(jié)婚多長時間了,即表示狀態(tài)要用be married (to)
6>I wish we could see each other more often,but that s too difficult.
wish
[用法]wish后面的從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣,其構(gòu)成取決于時間
[舉例]I wish (that) I had never met her.
我要是沒遇見過她就好了。(對過去而言)
7>Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher,she also became very interested in Canadian.
not only...but also...
[用法]not only...but also...在連接句子時,not only后面的句子要使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu).
另外,but also有時僅用but或also或but...too或but...also或but...as well
8>I try to read as many books as I can find about Canadian.
as many as
[用法]和...一樣多(復(fù)數(shù)相關(guān))
[舉例]You may take as many as you want.
你要多少就可拿多少。
9>Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith,who works for the newspaper 21st Century.
in the name of
[用法] 以...的名義
[舉例]Stop doing that, in the name of God!
看在上帝的分上,別干了!