參考教案
Unit 23 The football match
一、教學目標與要求
初步學習并掌握過去完成時態表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成的動作，是本單元的教學重點。學生應掌握過去完成時態的構成，并運用這個時態，描述“過去的過去”。能獨立完成練習冊中有關這一時態的各種形式的練習，正確率不低于70％。通過對第90課課文的學習，學生要用自己的語言對這場球賽進行簡單的描述；并仿照課文格式寫一篇日記，長度不少于原文的三分之一。教師可利用本單元的閱讀課文，檢驗學生的閱讀理解能力和閱讀速度，是否達到《教學大綱》中所規定的要求。
二、教學重點與難點
語法：過去完成時態 (The Past Perfect Tense)
三、課時安排
本單元共用4課時，每課書用1課時。
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第八十九課 示例一
第八十九課 Lesson Eighty-nine
一、教學內容
1．詞匯（略）
2．句型：復習以下句型：1) It's a long time since we met last. 2) Either Wei Hua or Ann may be on the team. 3) Neither Wei Hua nor Ann is on the team. 4) Either time is OK. 5) Neither of them is on the team.
3．語法：復習情態動詞may的用法；了解現在完成時的被動語態：The team has already been chosen.
二、教具
錄音機；投影儀。
三、課堂教學設計
1．復習 值日生報告。
2．教師用如下語言引出本課要學的內容和詞匯。
T: I'm sure many of you like playing basketball and football. And more of you like watching these games. In Jim and Li Lei's school the students are getting ready for an important football match. They are going to take part in the LEAGUE MATCH and play AGAINST other schools. Jim has just been back. He is just IN TIME for the match. He doesn't want to miss it, because it's such an important match.
放慢語速，重復一至兩遍，領讀生詞。
3．聽課文第1部分錄音，學生跟讀一至兩遍。
4．教師通過如下演示，介紹本課第2部分的各個句型。
用投影儀打出一個足球隊的名單 (Name List) ，但名單上只有10人：
T: We all know that there are eleven players on each team. Now look at this team. There are only ten players. The PE teacher is thinking who is going to be the last one. He is thinking: Li Lei runs fast, but Jim plays better. So we may say that EITHER LI LEI OR JIM WILL BE ON THE TEAM.
教師在名單上加上 Li Lei:
Now we can see that Li Lei is on the team.
By the way, both Wei Hua and Ann want to be players.
Both of them want to take part in the match. But look at the name list. Are they on the team?（名單上沒有這兩個人）So we can say NEITHER WEI HUA NOR ANN IS ON THE TEAM. Or: NEITHER OF THEM IS ON THE TEAM.
5．打開書，學生默讀課文第2部分各句。教師檢查學生的理解程度。
6．聽課文第3部分錄音，學生跟讀一至兩遍。組織學生兩人一組，模仿這部分內容編對話。
7．指導學生做練習冊習題。
8．布置作業
1）練習朗讀本課對話，抄寫生詞；2）書面完成練習冊習題。
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第九十課 示例一
第九十課 Lesson Ninety
一、教學內容
1．詞匯（略）。
2．句型：I found it a bit difficult to work in class because I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.
3．語法：進一步學習過去完成時態：Our school had played very well during the past year.
4．書面表達：復習書寫日記格式及方法。
二、教具
錄音機；投影儀。
三、課堂教學設計
1．復習 值日生報告。
2．教師用以下語言引出本課部分生詞：
T: Today we are going to read a page from a student's diary. It's about an important football match. By the way, what is the most important when you play football? It's TEAMWORK! Then your team can be a strong team. You can BEAT other teams.
3．給學生六分鐘時間默讀課文（本課計約245個詞）。教師用投影儀打出讀前提問 (Pre-reading questions): 1) Which team did the writer's team play against? 2) What did their PE teacher ask them to remember? 規定時限過后，學生回答上述問題。
4．聽課文錄音，學生跟讀一至兩遍。
5．做練習冊習題1。
6．指導學生復習日記書寫格式，扼要講解課文難句（見難點講解）。
7．布置作業
1）練習朗讀課文，準備復述，抄寫生詞；2）書面完成練習冊習題。
四、難點講解
I found it a bit difficult to work in class because I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.我發現在課堂上有點難以學習，因為我一直在想著下午的比賽。
keep on doing sth. 一直做某件事。
另外，句中it是先行賓語。真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式短語to work in class。這是一種常見的英語句式，當賓語是動詞不定式短語或其它短語（如動名詞短語）、從句時，如果后面還有賓語補足語（通常是形容詞、名詞等），常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在賓語補足語后面。再如：
Jim didn't find it very difficult to write letters in Chinese.吉姆發現用漢語寫信并不太難。
The farmer thought it strange that a pan could have a baby.農夫覺得很奇怪，平底鍋還能生小孩子。
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第九十一課 示例一
第九十一課 Lesson Ninety-one
一、教學內容
1．詞匯（略）。
2．句型：1）One player doesn't make a team. 2）We did as he told us.
3．語法：繼續學習過去完成時的用法： 1） By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals and we had kicked four. 2）When I got there, they had already started playing.
二、教具
錄音機；投影儀。
三、課堂教學設計
1．復習 教師就第90課課文內容提問，學生快速回答（問題可參考練習冊第90課的習題1）；并檢查復述。
2．借助動作或簡筆畫，教授本課的三個生詞。
3．給學生三分半鐘時間默讀課文（本課計約151個詞）。教師用投影儀打出讀前提問（Pre-reading questions）：1）Who kicked two goals for No 64 Middle School? 2）How many goals did the writer's team kick?規定時限過后，學生回答上述問題。
4．聽課文錄音，學生跟讀一至兩遍。
5．將兩課課文錄音完整地放一遍。給學生一點時間準備，然后要求學生復述（仍可采取“接力”做法）。
6．學生獨立閱讀課文第2、3部分內容。要求學生注意含有過去完成時的句子。
為使學生們能更好地掌握課文內容，教師可設計下表，從不同角度要求學生再現這場比賽的情況：
7．小結本單元出現的過去完成時的用法。
8．布置作業
1）練習朗讀課文，繼續準備復述，抄寫生詞；2）書面完成練習冊習題。
四、難點講解
We did as he told us and we won the first place in the league at last!我們按照他說的去
做了，終于贏得了聯賽的冠軍！句中as he told us是表示方式的狀語從句，由as引導，再如：
The old teacher asked the students to do as he did.老教師讓學生們照他的樣子做。
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第九十二課 示例一
第九十二課 Lesson Ninety-two
一、教學內容
1．聽寫訓練
2．小結過去完成時態的用法。
二、教具
錄音機。
三、課堂教學設計
1．復習 教師檢查學生課文復述。
2．聽寫訓練�？陕爩懕締卧鶎W單詞和短語或以下短文（供教師參考）：
Last week, we had a football match. We played against No 64 Middle School. They were all very big and strong. But we were a better team. We kept passing the ball and had very good teamwork. At last we won the match and became the top of the league.
3．準備聽課文第2部分錄音。教師布置聽前提問（Pre-listening question）：Who were the boy's team playing against?
聽錄音一遍，學生回答問題。再聽錄音，學生跟讀一至兩遍。
4．給學生幾分鐘準備時間，表演這個小對話。
5．學生自己過一遍復習要點內容，教師解答學生的問題。小結過去完成時的用法，講評練習中出現的問題。
6．指導學生當堂做練習冊習題，并核對答案。
7．布置作業
預習下一單元內容。
四、難點講解
過去完成時的用法：
過去完成時主要表現在過去某一特定時間或某一個具體行為發生之前完成了的動作。這種行為只與過去有聯系，而與現在沒有聯系。例如：
He had lived in Xi'an for six years before he moved to Beijing.移居北京之前他在西安住了6年。
這個句子表明在西安居住這件事是在搬到北京之前完成了的。與 he moved to Beijing（過去搬到北京）有聯系，而與說話的時候沒有聯系。
現在完成時與過去完成時混淆，這是因為漢語可用同一形式表示英語里兩個不同的概念。例如：
1）I have written the letter.我寫了信。（現在完成時）
這里英語用助動詞have+過去分詞，漢語為“寫了”。
2）I had written the letter before I left the office.我出辦公室之前已經寫了信。（過去完成時）
這里英語用助動詞had+過去分詞，可漢語同樣為“寫了”。英語中這兩個時態所表示的概念是不同的�，F在完成時表示現在之前發生并且與現在有聯系的動作，而過去完成時則表示在過去某一時間之前的動作，它只和過去有聯系，而與現在不相干。
過去完成時態的用法大致如下：
1）表示動作在過去某特定時間之前的另一個時間完成，這個時間可以用by+時間狀語來表示，也可用一個時間狀語從句來表示。例如：
By the end of last year, he had already learnt 4000 English words.截止去年年底，他已學了4000英語單詞。
When I had finished my work, I had a rest.我做完工作以后休息了一下。
2）表示由過去的某一個時間開始，一直延續到過去的另一特定時間的動作。這段時間可由for或since引導的短語或從句來表示，例如：
By 1980 she had taught in this school for 20 years. 到1980年時，她已在這所學校教了20年書。
The boy had changed a lot since I had seen him.從上次見面以來這男孩變了不少。