參考教案 教學建議
教學建議(Suggested teaching notes)
一、教學內容分析
第23單元中的四課都是圍繞“足球比賽”話題編寫的。主要的語言項目是過去完成時態(tài)和有關談論意見(Giving opinions)的日常交際用語。
第89課開始是一個小對話，Jim剛度假歸來，Li Let與他談論足球比賽，Jim很想?yún)①悺＝酉聛淼腟tudy與Practise，還有練習冊中的內容，大都是圍繞教學either…or…和neither …nor…句型展開的，提供了大量的句型練習，應予以充分利用。
第90課是一篇日記，記敘了當天的一場足球比賽。文章用的是一般過去時，這個時態(tài)很適用于日記這類內容，對本課的語法重點過去完成時也有一種對比作用。練習冊中配有問題和填空練習幫助理解課文。
第91課前半部分與第90課相銜接，講述比賽的過程和結果。練習冊第91課第1題中綜合了課文的幾個理解點，可幫助學生理解課文。第91課后半部分有一個替換對話練習和一個對話表演，內容是評論球賽。
第92課是復習課，包含一個聽寫練習和一個評論球賽的對話。Checkpoint的語法重點是過去完成時。練習冊第92課第3題是過去完成時的語法填空練習，可用來幫助學生理解過去完成時。
二、教學方法建議
（一）教學過去完成時
本書第84課中對過去完成時的結構已有闡述，本單元著重講解過去完成時的使用場合。講解完成后，學生應能夠對過去完成時有一個比較完整明確的概念。
1．教學by與before這兩個介詞所表達的時間概念
過去時表示在過去某一時刻或一段時間發(fā)生的動作，過去完成時則是表示過去某一時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，即俗稱的“過去的過去”。“by + 某時”是“到了某時已經(jīng)……”的意思；“before + 某時”是“在……時以前”的意思。教學中可考慮創(chuàng)造些情景，并借助時間軸來幫助理解。
情景1 Jane was busy yesterday. She was working in her office all evening. Her friends Mary and Jack came to visit her. They were waiting in her house the whole evening. Jane finished her work at last. She came home at nine. But Mary and Jack had left her house before nine. They didn't see each other. What a pity!
此番情景可以用時間軸來表示，在軸上標出說話時間，過去（即Jane came home的時間），過去的過去（即Mary and Jack left的時間）。將句子寫在黑板上，并用彩色筆標出at與before兩個詞。
Jane came home at nine.
Mary and Jack had left her house before nine.
幫助學生理解at nine，在九點；before nine，九點前就……（動詞要用過去完成時）
情景2 Meimei and I were making dumplings for supper yesterday. We decided to have a contest to see who could make dumplings faster. We started our contest at 5 o'clock and stopped it at 5:15. At 5:15， Meimei was making her 24th dumpling. By that time 1 had already finished 27 dumplings. I won!
用時間軸表示出時間關系，在黑板上寫出句子，說明at 5:15，（在五點一刻）；by that time，（到五點一刻時為止）。
At 5:15, Meimei was making her 24th dumpling.
By that time I had already finished 27 dumplings. （動詞用過去完成時）
情景3 要求學生就情景3講出一個用過去完成時造出的句子。West Hill Farm is a beautiful place and there are many sheep, cows, dogs and horses there. I like to go there very much. In the autumn of 1995, I went there for the first time. Last year, I went there twice with my parents. So by the end of last year….讓學生自己續(xù)完句子：
By the end of last year, I had been to West Hill Farm three times.
情景4 Lucy and Lily went to West Hill Farm yesterday. They were helping a farmer do the farm work in the morning. At that time he was in town. He came back at noon and found….替換詞：
milk the cows/by noon take the sheep to the fields/by noon
give the horses their food/by noon clean the pigsty/by noon
2．教學中提醒學生注意主句和從句中謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生的先后。在已經(jīng)學過的帶有賓語從句和狀語從句的復合句中，經(jīng)常存在先后兩個動作。先發(fā)生的動作往往用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用過去時。如：He said that he had already watched the football match.句中看球賽的動作發(fā)生在他說話之前，即他說話時看球賽的動作已經(jīng)完成。又如：When I got to the station, the train had already left. 火車離開的動作發(fā)生在我到達車站之前。補充句型練習：
l) He when I got home.
替換詞：
cook a meal mend my bike sweep the floor fall asleep
arrive home do his homework give the bird some food
2)They ______ before she______.
go upstairs/say good night to them
take out the books/ask them to
win the game/get there
answer the letter/know it
come to her home/telephone them
start the match/get to the playground
3) He said ______ before.
never see this film
never watch a real football game
never say such a thing
never work with Jane
never cook a meal
never ride a horse
3．可利用練習冊第92課練習3做過去完成時的綜合練習。
（二）教學either…or與neither…nor句型
學生課本和練習冊中對此句型給予了大量的練習素材，應充分加以利用。
1．引入 利用第89課第二部分Study中的三組對話，幫助學生理解either…or與neither…nor的概念。可考慮用圖片幫助解說。畫一個黑發(fā)女孩Wei Hua和一個黃發(fā)女孩Ann，開始講解：
Class, how many people does a volleyball team need in a game? （學生答：Six．） Yes, there are six players in a volleyball team. Now, look here. This is Wei Hua and this is Ann. Both of them are good players, but we need only one of them. If Wei Hua plays, Ann has to wait. If Ann plays, Wei Hua has to wait.
Either Wei Hua or Ann may be on the team. （將此句寫在黑板上，用彩色筆寫either…or）
Tomorrow we shall have a match. But it's too bad that Wei Hua has got a cold. She has got a headache and a serious cough. She is terribly ill. Poor thing! So Wei Hua will not be on the team. Let's see how Ann is doing. Oh, no. Ann will not be on the team either. She will take part in an important examination tomorrow.
Neither Wei Hua nor Ann is on the team.（將此句寫在黑板上，用彩色筆寫neither…nor）
Neither of them is on the team.（此句也寫在黑板上）What shall we do?
2．練習 利用第89課中Practise的三個對話進行操練。可考慮從聽力入手，先聽三遍，然后一句一停頓，讓學生重復。league（聯(lián)盟）和league match（聯(lián)賽）可直接給中文。最后讓學生打開書，聽錄音朗讀，背誦。
3．鞏固 利用練習冊第89課第1題鞏固句型either…or…和neither…nor…。
教師應先不讓學生看書，讓他們聽情景造句。如：There is an evening party tonight. Your father will go to the party, or your mother will go to the party. But not both of them, because one of them will stay with you at home. Now make a sentence with "either…or…".
把學生造出的句子寫在黑板上：
Either my father or my mother will go to the party tonight.
口頭造完10個句子后，可讓學生在練習本上寫出其中幾句，檢查一下是否正確。
利用練習冊第89課第2題分三人小組進行表演。
（三）教學第90-91課課文
把練習冊第90課第1題的10個問題用幻燈打出，讓學生讀問題，閱讀前心中有數(shù)，同時也能大致了解故事脈絡。然后帶著問題進行閱讀。讀完讓學生回答問題，再聽錄音朗讀課文。最后合上書再回答一遍這10個問題。
用練習冊第90課第3題驗收，做題時盡量不查看課文。再把第91課第1題也做完。
（四）教學such a(an)…和such（+復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞）…
補充句型練習：
1. I have never heard of such a strange thing before.
2. I had never heard of such a strange thing before that time.
替換詞：
watch/wonderful film receive/beautiful flowers eat/delicious noodles
drink/fresh milk work with/football player read/good book
listen to/interesting talk see/good food see/thin glass
receive/nice present see/heavy snow
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 教學參考資料 示例二
教學參考資料（Reference for teaching）
補充注釋（Additional notes）
1．It's a long time since we met last!我們上次見面至今已有很長時間了。It's…since….結構中的動詞時態(tài)搭配較為固定，多數(shù)情況下主句用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。即It is…since….或It has been…since…．再如：
It's three years since I last saw you. How time flies!我上次見到你至今已有三年了。時間過得真快！
How long is it since you came to the state of California? 你來加州多久了？
It has been three weeks since he arrived here. 他到這里已有三周了。
從句中的動詞也有時使用現(xiàn)在完成時。例如：
It has been quite some time since we have talked about these matters. 我們上次談論這些事情至今已過了好長時間了。
It has been two years since I have seen you. 我上次見到你至今有兩年了。
主句若用過去時，則從句用過去完成時。例如：
Yesterday, he invited me to watch a play in a theatre. I'd love to go. It was half a year since I had watched a play in a theatre. 昨天他約我去劇場看話劇。我很愿去。 上一次在劇場看話劇至今有半年了。
2．You're just in time for the match. 你正好趕上比賽。
in time = to arrive before something happens 及時
on time = to arrive at the right, exact moment, at the time agreed 準時
We got to the station in time for the bus. 我們到車站正好趕上汽車。
A stitch in time saves nine. 及時行事，事半功倍。
The doctor came in time to save the child. 醫(yī)生及時到達救治了孩子。
The teacher is always angry with him, because he seldom comes to school on time. 老師經(jīng)常和他生氣，因為他總不準時到校。
I hope the train will leave the station on time. 我希望火車能夠準時發(fā)車。
The meeting will start at ten tomorrow morning. Please be on time. 明天十點開會，請準時到。
3．Neither Wei Hua nor Ann is on the team. 魏華和安都不是隊員。
be on the team(American English)相當于be in the team(British English)
on此處有成員的意思=being a member of。又如：
This tall fair girl is on the U. S. team. 這個高高的漂亮姑娘是美國隊的。
on有時也有供職的意思，=working for,如：
He is on the People's Daily. 他在人民日報社任職。
4．a cup of tea一杯茶
表示物質名詞量的方法：
a bottle of milk five bottles of milk
a cup of orange juice two cups of orange(juice)
a can of milk eight cans of milk
a bottle of oil many bottles of oil
a box of chalk several boxes of chalk
5．I thought you wanted to visit your friends. 我以為你要去看朋友。此處thought的含義是“我本以為”，而實際情況不是這樣。請比較：
I think he is a clever boy. 我覺得他是個聰明孩子。（他很可能是。）
I thought he was a clever boy. 我原以為他是個聰明孩子。（他其實并不聰明。）
6．It's such an important match, (that) we can't miss it. 這場比賽非常重要。我們不能不去。
The match is so important(that) we can't miss it.
such…that…相當于so…that…（如此……以至于……）。其中that在口語中可省略。又如：
John is such a nice person that we all like him. =John is so nice a person that we all like him. =John is so nice to people that we all like him.
要提醒學生注意，如果such后面是不可數(shù)名詞，則直接將名詞放在其后；如果后面是可數(shù)名詞，則要注意單復數(shù)問題，單數(shù)為：such a(clever)student, such an important meeting, such an animal; 復數(shù)為：Such(clever) students。so后面加形容詞或副詞。
7．I woke up early this morning. 我今晨醒得很早。
wake up可作“自行醒來”解。又如：
He suddenly woke up and remembered there was going to be an important meeting. 他突然醒來，想起有一個重要的會議。
She often wakes up at night and has a headache during the day. 她經(jīng)常夜里醒來，白天則總頭痛。
She doesn't have good sleep at night and wakes up a lot. 她夜間睡不好，常常醒來。
wake up亦可作“喚醒”解。例如：
I have to wake him up at 5:00 in the morning though I have to do so. 我得5:00喚醒他，雖然我不愿這樣做。
The noise woke me up in the middle of the night. 噪聲半夜將我吵醒。
8．… and got all my football clothes ready. ……把我的足球服全準備好。
get…ready把……準備好。再如：
When I got home, mother had already got supper ready. 我到家時，媽媽已把晚飯備好。
It was ll:00, he quickly got his school things ready for the next day and went to bed.已經(jīng)11點了，他匆匆收拾好第二天用的東西，上床去睡了。
Please get your tickets ready. 請把票預備好。
They are busy getting the room ready for the meeting. 他們忙著準備明天的會場。
9．I found it a bit difficult to work in class…. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)在班上有點難以學習……。
句中it是個代詞，做形式賓語，句中的to work in class是實際賓語。常用這個句型的動詞還有think, feel, make等。
I think it wrong to waste time. 我認為浪費時間是錯誤的。
I felt it my duty to talk it over with you. 我認為和你談談是我的責任。
The noise made it difficult for me to read. 噪音使我無法讀書。
They found it difficult to go on with the work. 他們感到繼續(xù)干下去很難。
10．…because I kept thinking about the match in the afternoon. ……因為我一直在想下午的球賽。
keep on doing something總是（不斷）做某事。又如：
I kept on asking him about it but he just kept on smiling. 關于那件事我不停地問他，他卻總是笑。
While he was in hospital, people kept on going to see him. 他住院期間，人們不斷去看望他。
11．be(feel) a little afraid of 害怕某事或某物。又如：
She is afraid of snakes. 她很怕蛇。
He said he was afraid of nothing. 他說他什么也不怕。
Are you afraid of dogs? 你怕狗嗎？
Even the police feel afraid of them. 甚至警察都怕他們。
12．though 雖然。漢語里，人們習慣說“雖然……但是……”，因此學生常將though與but連用。在英語中，這兩個字不連用，這一點要向學生講清楚。
She is young, but she knows a lot. 她很年輕，但知道很多事。
Though she is young, she knows a lot. 雖然她很年輕，但知道的事很多。
13．But still we weren't sure we could beat them. 但我們仍沒有把握能戰(zhàn)勝他們。
beat和win的區(qū)別：漢語里常說“我們贏了他們”，這句話的英文表述應為We beat them．不是We won them. beat后面是人或隊名，而win后面則是match或game。
14．Play as well as you can. 盡你們最大的努力去踢。
講授此句可利用練習冊第90課練習2作為補充練習。
15．This didn't help them at all. 這一點也幫不了他們。
at all常用于否定或條件句中，用以加強語氣，表示“一點兒也不”、“完全不”的意思。又如：
I am not at all tired. 我一點兒也不累。
I couldn't hear them at all. 我根本聽不到他們。
He would not let me do heavy work at all. 他根本不讓我做重活。
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 教學步驟 示例二
教學步驟（Teaching steps）
Lesson 89
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework.
2 Revise the names of different sports(basketball, football, American football, volleyball, etc)byusing gestures or pictures. Ask the Ss which sports do you like? Which do you prefer, footballor basketball? etc. Revise both: say Both(Li Lei)and I like volleyball. Get the Ss to make up other examples.
Step 2 Presentation
Tell the Ss Today there's a football match. Is Jim playing in the match? Listen and find out.
SB page 89, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 89. Books closed! Play the tape for the Ss to find the answer (Yes). (Don't play the tape of the bottom two lines of the dialogue yet).
Books open. Read through the dialogue with the Ss.Note that Jim has just returned from his holiday, so Li Lei asks him: Did you have a good journey? Point out the difference between on time(to arrive at the right moment)and in time for sth. (=to arrive before sth. happens). In the question Am I playing? the Present Continuous Tense carries a future meaning.
Step 3 Practice
Play the tape again for the Ss to listen and repeat．Practise the different endings and make sure the Ss undersigned what they mean.
Let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs, choosing the ending that they wish.
Ask some pairs to act out their dialogues.
Step 4 Presentation
Say Let me tell you about Lily and Lucy. There is a volleyball match tomorrow(Gesture). Lily may play or Lucy may play(Gestures). If Lily plays, Lucy won't play(Gestures). If Lucy plays, Lily won't play. Either Lily or Lucy will play(Gestures).
Repeat for basketball/Wei Hua and Ann.
Say the two examples again, using suitable gestures.Get the Ss to listen and repeat, also using gestures.Write one focus sentence on the Bb:
Either Lily or Lucy will play.
Remind the Ss of the meaning of either…or.
Present neither… nor in a similar way:
Say There's a football match tomorrow. Jim won't play and Lie Lei won't play. Neither Jim nor Lie Lei will play.
Write the last sentence on the Bb and remind the Ss of the meaning.
Step 5 Study
SB page 89, Part 2. Read through the examples with the Ss and explain any difficulties that they have.Notice the phrase on the team. This is American English. In British English the phrase is in the team.
Step 6 Practice
SB page 89, Part 3. Speech Cassette Lesson 89. Books closed! Play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat. Ask groups, rows and individual Ss to listen and rep eat.
Focus on any problems of pronunciation.
Explain the meaning of league(= competition
involving several teams)and…it's such a/an…, we
can't miss it(give the Chinese equivalent). Write the words on the Bb.
Books open！Play the tape again for the Ss to practise.Then let the Ss work in pairs. Tell them to learn the dialogues by heart.
Get some pairs to act them out, without books if possible!
Step 7 Workbook
Wb Lesson 89, Ex. 1. Do the two parts orally with the whole class before the Ss write down the answers on their own.
Check the answers with the whole class.
For Ex. 2, get the Ss to read the dialogue first, then act it out and make a similar one in groups of three.
If time permits, do Ex. 3. The answers are: 1C,2B.3C,4D.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Learn the dialogues in SB Part 3 by heart.
Do Ex.1 in the exercise book.
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 教學步驟 Lesson 90 示例二
Lesson 90
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework.
2 Get the Ss to recite the dialogues in SB page 89,Part 3.
Step 2 Preparation for reading
Tell the Ss Today We are going to read about a football match. What do you know about football? How many players are on a team?(11) How do you play football? (Teach kick and draw a picture of a goal on the Bb. Yes, you try to kick the ball into the goal. Can you use your hand? No. Only one player can use his or her hand. That's the goalkeeper.
Write the new words kick, goal and goalkeeper on the Bb. Show goalkeeper = goal + keep + er. You may like to teach words such as gatekeeper and zookeeper for companion. Note that goalkeeper is a thrown-away word.
SB page 90. Ask what's happening in the picture?Get a student to read the instructions aloud. See who can find the answer to the question first.(The teamhad some very good players but they weak team.)
Wb Lesson 90, Ex.1 Read through the questions in the Wb and make sure the Ss understand them.
Step 3 Reading
Let the Ss read the passage more carefully. Then they can answer the questions orally in pairs Check the answers with the whole class.
This is the time to deal with difficulties in the passage.Notes:
l) This was the last match in the league: explain that a league is a competition in which every team plays with other teams and the team that wins the most games is the champion. Here it means this game is the last game in the league.
2) I kept on thinking about the match = I oftenthought about the match.
3)We were playing against: against is a preposition, not a verb.
4) play as well as you can: revise the as… as structure and explain its meaning here(i.e. do your best).
5) That's what we found: = Mr Hu's prediction was right (that teamwork would win the match).
If you wish, get the Ss to write down the answers to Ex.1 in their exercise books.
Step 4 Reading aloud
Sb page 90. Speech Cassette Lesson 90. Choose two paragraphs, then play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat.
Step 5 Workbook
Wb Exx. 2 and 3 Go through the exercise orally with the Ss, then let them write down the answers in their exercise books. The answers to Ex. 2 are: 1G, 2C,3D, 4F, 5F/H, 6B, 7A, 8E.
The answers to Ex. 3 are to, to, in, about, in, earlier, against, of/from, and, of, neither, nor, But, and, but.
Step 6 Consolidation
Revise the football vocabulary(Step 2) then get the Ss to retell the story of the football match. Use the question in Wb Ex. 1 as a guide if necessary.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises
Do Ex. 4 and prepare to retell the story in the student's diary.
Write down the answers to EX. 1 in the exercise book.
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 教學步驟 Lesson 91 示例二
Lesson 91
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework.
2 Get the Ss to retell the story in SB page 90. Use the questions in Wb Lesson 90, Ex. 1 as a guide if necessary.
Step 2 Reading
SB page 91, Part 1 Ask Who won the match? Get the Ss to read the end of the story as quickly as possible to find the answer(Mr Hu's team). Then let the Ss read the passage more carefully.
Ask questions about the passage: Say Tell me about Wu Yong. What happened next? Who was winning at the end of the first half? What happened in the second half? What did Mr Hu say?
Then discuss difficult parts of the story.
Notes:
1) This didn't help them at all: at all emphasizes the negative.
2) one player does not make a team: one player cannot win a match by himself
Teach the words beat: Mr Hu's team beat Number 64 Middle School's team, and draw(give an example: e.g.1:1 is a draw)
Step 3 Comprehension
Wb Lesson 91, Ex.1 Get the Ss to guess the answers in pairs, then check the answers with the whole class.The answers are:1B;2D;3A,4B;5D;6A.
Step 4 Reading aloud
SB page 91, Part 1 Speech Cassette Lesson 91 Play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat. Pay special attention to pronunciation and intonation. Check individual students and correct their mistakes.
Step 5 Presentation
Draw a time line like this on the Bb.
Ask the Ss the following questions:
What are you doing now?(having a lesson)
What did you do last Saturday? (watched a match)
Was it a good match?(Yes, a very good one.)
Had you ever seen such a good match before?
Help the Ss answer the last question: No, I had never seen such a good match before. /Yes, I had seen many like that one.
Explain that the Past Perfect Tense shows an action happening before a certain time in the past. It is formed by had + past participle.
Step 6 Practice
SB page 91, Part 2. Read through the model dialogue and point out the different tenses. Get individual Ss to make up another dialogue in front of the class and then let the Ss work in pairs.
Finally, ask another pair to act out their dialogue as a check.
Step 7 Read and act
SB page 91, Part 3. Speech Cassette Lesson 91. Play the tape for the Ss to listen and find out the answer to How did Bill's team win the first place of the league? Books open. Let the Ss listen and repeat.
Next, practice the dialogue with the whole class. Then let the Ss practise in pairs. Remind them to look at their partner as they speak, not at the book.
See if any pairs can act out the dialogue.
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Exx.2 and 3 Let the Ss work alone, then check the answers with the whole class. The answers to Ex.2 are: 1such; 2both; 3Either, or; 4Neither, nor; 5none/neither; 6both.
Step 9 Consolidation
If time allows, get the Ss to retell the end of the story using the questions in Step 2 as a guide.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Revise the language points in Checkpoint 23
(SB page 92)for the next lesson.
參考教案 Unit 23 The football match 教學步驟 Lesson 92 示例二
Lesson 92
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework.
2 Get the Ss to retell the football story in thisunit. Say Tell me about the game. What happened next? etc.
Step 2 Dictation
SB page 92, Pait 1. Listening Cassette Lesson 92. Wb Lesson 92, Ex. 1 Let the Ss read the instruction in the Wb before you dictate the passage Use the exercise as your test for this unit, The dictation text is from the reading passage of SB page 90.
Dictation text:
School ended a little earlier. *We all went to the football field, *and soon the game started. *We were playing against No 64 Middle School. *It was a draw *when we played against them *last time. *They were all very big and strong, *and we felt a little afraid of them. *Although we were neither very big* nor very strong, *we were a good team. *We played together very well. *But still we weren't sure *we could beat them.
Words like against, although, team may be written on the Bb for the Ss.
Step 3 Read and act
SB page 92, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 92. Tell the Ss Books closed! Wang Lei played in the football match today. Now he's telling his father about the game. Is his father pleased?
Play the tape for the Ss to find the answer(Yes).Then play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat .Books open. Play the tape again for the Ss to listen and repeat from the books.
Point out that 4:2 is pronounced four two(not four to two).
Let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. Ask one pair to act it out. See if they can do it with out the book!
Step 4 Checkpoint 23
Go through Checkpoint 23 and give the Ss extra practice as necessary. The Ss are required to understand the meaning of the Past Perfect Tense. See Grammar in the Appendix on page 122 of the SB.
As the end of the school year is approaching, you may wish to spend some time revising other weak points that your Ss have.
Go through the "useful expressions" and make sure the Ss understand them and can use them.
Step 5 Workbook
Wb Lesson 92, Exx. 1-3.
Spend time revising the language points that appear in these exercises.
For Ex. 1, the target structures(a pair of…, a cup of …, etc) are similar to the measure words in Chinese.Let the Ss work alone or in pairs before checking the answers with the whole class. The answers are:
1 a cup of, a glass of, a bottle of; 2 a piece of;3 a plate of; 4 a pair of; 5 a bag of.
For Ex. 2, get the Ss to answer the questions first, then revise the individual language items. The answers are:1 since, 2 in time, 3 Because, 4 against, 5 afraid of,6 kept on raining.
For Ex. 3, ask the Ss to do it in pairs first. Then check the answers with the whole class. The answers are:l had left; 2 had gone; 3 had stopped; 4 had begun; 5hurried, had…gone; 6 had…h(huán)eard.
Step 6 Consolidation
If time permits, revise some of the stones in the earlier units. Give the Ss a few moments to read them again, then get them to retell the stories to you. Use the appropriate exercises in the workbook as a guide for your qoestions.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Begin revising the contents of the book.