1. Dealing with waste. 廢物處理。 deal with 處理；對付；和打交道；論述； e.g. There are many difficulties for us to deal with. 許多困難有待我們去解決。How shall we deal with the problem? 我們怎樣處理這個問題呢？Such people are difficult to deal with. 這種人不好對付。A teacher should deal fairly with his students. 老師應當公正地對待學生。He wrote a book dealing with life in Japan. 他寫了一本書，談的是在日本的情況。deal with常與how連用。e.g. How to deal with waste is a big problem. 如何對廢物進行處理是個大問題。do with常與what連用。e.g. What will you do with these used books? 你打算怎樣處理這些舊書？

2. In many countries with sea coasts, human waste is piped directly into the sea without being treated. 在許多臨海的國家中，人的糞便未經處理就直接排入大海。without being treated 介詞短語做方式狀語。e.g. He stole into the classroom without being seen. 他趁人不注意偷偷地溜進教室。She entered the meeting room without being allowed. 她未經允許就進了會議室。

3. Although the sea breaks up the waste, beaches may become polluted and fish may not be safe to eat. 雖然海洋可以把糞便分解，但是海灘仍可能受到污染，吃魚也不安全。break up驅散；打碎；分解；解體；放假；e.g. Sentences can be broken up into phrases and phrases into words. 句子可以分解成詞組，詞組可以分解成單詞。They called out the police to break up the meeting. 他們叫來警察驅散這次集會。When will your school break up? 你們學校什么時候放假？They friendship has broken up. 他們的友誼破裂了。

4. A better method is to take the waste far out to sea in ships where the wind and waves break it down. break down = break up 分解；拆散；e.g. Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen. 水可以分解成氫和氧。After many years, rocks break down into dirt. 經過許多年以后，巖石就分解成塵埃了。壞掉；中斷；垮下來；That computer has broken down again. 那臺電腦又壞了。 The car I was in broke down on the way. 我乘坐的那輛小車在路上拋錨了。His health broke down because he had been working too hard. 他因勞累過度身體垮了。

5. The problem of dealing with waste has become so great that several organizations, such as “Friends of the Earth”, have been set up to protect the world and to fight against pollution. 處理垃圾這個問題已經變得非常緊迫，國際上已經成立了好幾個組織，如“地球之友”來保護這個世界并與污染作斗爭。protect保護；警戒；常與from連用。e.g. He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 他抬起手臂護住臉，以免被這一拳打中。The driver wears sunglasses to protect himself from the sunlight. 司機帶著墨鏡保護眼睛免受陽光刺激。protect還與against 連用。(against后面可以接動名詞ing形式)。 e.g. The hen protected its

1.

young against being attacked by the cat. 老母雞保護小雞使其不受貓的襲擊。Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up in order to protect his kingdom against foreign attack. 秦始皇把長城連接起來保護他的國家免遭外族侵略。***** protect … from … 與 protect … against … 都有“保護……免

遭損害”之意，前者往往用于較小的事情，后者用于較大的事情。

6. They seek to reduce waste, protect the earth, the oceans and all forms of life in them. 他們設法減少廢物，保護地球和海洋以及海洋中的一切生命。seek vt.企圖；試圖；// 尋求；征求；謀求；探索；seek to do sth. = try to do sth. 試圖做某事；e.g. We sought to change her mind. = We tried to change her mind. 我們試圖改變她的想法。We have never sought to hide our views. 我們從來不想隱瞞自己的觀點。The naughty boy always seeks to copy his partner’s English exercises. 這個頑皮的男孩總是想要抄他同桌的英語作業。seek after尋求；追擊; seek for 尋找; 試圖找到或得到；seek out 找到了; 找出了；e.g. He is seeking something to serve as a table. 他正在尋找可以當桌子用的東西。This is just what we have long sought for. 這正是很久以來我們一直要找的東西。They sought out a shady spot where might sit down and rest. 他們找到了一塊可以坐下來休息的陰涼的地方。

7. So, multiply the total for Britain by 22. 因此，把英國的總量乘以22。 multiply A by B “把A乘以B”的意思；e.g. Three multiplied by four is twelve. 三乘四等于十二。If you multiply four by five, the answer is twenty. 四乘以五，答案是二十。

2.