授課人：郭禮文 時間： 班級：
一、目標再現
1．學習現在完成時態的構成以及與現在的關系和對時間狀語的要求，以及現在完成時的陳述句形式和疑問句形式及其簡略答語是本單元的教學重點。要求學生能初步運用現在完成時態談論一些過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，掌握過去分詞的構成。
2．能夠熟練運用本單元有關“借物、尋物”的交際用語，正確運用Have you got…？和Do you have…？及其簡略答語。
3．掌握本單元的單詞和短語，特別是used to，pay for，think of等用法。
4．利用閱讀課文來培養學生的閱讀理解能力和根據上下文判斷生詞詞義的能力，并逐步提高對學生閱讀速度的要求。
5．要求學生能用自己組織的語言，對課文故事予以簡述。
二、重點難點分析
本單元主要教學現在完成時態，圍繞“The lost book”開展教學活動。學習了有關“借物和尋物”的交際用語以及到圖書館借閱圖書及相關事項，著重使用了“Have you got…”這種句式，通過對話，教學了現在完成時態的用法和構成，重點分析過去某個動作對現在造成的影響或結果。學習了過去分詞的構成和動詞加ed后的讀音，if引導的從句中時態的使用，同時還學習了一些同義詞、近義詞的用法與區別。
1、語言難點分析
ago 與before
ago與before 是兩個表示“以前”的概念的單詞。在用法上，它們的區別是較大的。
1）ago和一般過去時的動詞連用，表現現在以前的過去時間，它不能用于完成時態，例如：
Your friend was here a week ago, wasn't he? Of course he was.
before可以和完成時態連用，也常常與never連用，表示在早先或過去的某時間的“以前”。例如：
I never met him before. He's new to me.
下面以three years ago和three years before為例來進行比較。three years ago用于過去時態，表示從今天算起的“三年以前”；而three year before用于過去完成時態，表示從三年以前算起的過去。試看下面的比較：
A. I met him three years ago. We've been friends for 3 years.
B. I had met him three years before. I met you in 1992.
句A表示：“（從今天算起）三年前我遇見過他。”句B表示：“（從三年前追溯起）三年前我遇見過他一次。”
2) 另外before與ago單純在形式上的區別是before可以單獨使用，ago必須與別的表示時間的詞連用。例如：
I have read it before. It is a very good novel.
I read it 3 years ago. But I can't remember everything about it.
例 Have you found the book？ Yes, I _____it five minutes_______．
A. have found, before B. found, before
C. has found, ago D. found, ago
解析 ago表示從現在算起的多少時間以前，用于一般過去式的句子中，before則表示從過去看的某時間以前或泛指以前，常見于完成時態。從本句的答語“我5分鐘前找到的”中，可以判斷是從現在算起的五分鐘前，故選D。
full與fill
（1）fill v．把……填滿，常與with連用。如：
Please fill the bags with rice. We've got to take them to the poor family in the village.
fill也可以表示狀態。相當與 be filled with。如：
Smoke filled the room. = The room was filled with smoke．房間里濃煙彌漫。
（2）fill in填入、填寫、塞滿，如：
–Please fill in your telephone number and your name．
–OK, But may I borrow your pen?
–What shall I do if I want to find a job here?
–Fill in the application form．
（3）full adj. 滿的，充滿的。其結構是be full of=be filled with，如：
The basket is full of apples. = The basket is filled with apples．Enough for all of us.
The bag full of books is mine. Please carry it for me, It's too heavy.
lose與 miss
1)兩者都表示“丟失”。lose的語氣較強，含有丟失后不易找到；miss含有“發現丟失”之意。在很多情況下兩者可換用。例如：
You said you have lost your watch. When did you miss it? 你說把手表丟了，你什么時候丟的？
2）lose通常用過去分詞(lost)作定語或表語；而miss則用其ing形式(missing)作表語或定語。例如：
Is there anything missing (Is there anything lost) ?
Nothing, so far as I know.
on與about
二者都是介詞，意為“關于，論及”等，一般情況下，二者可以互相替換，但二者有點區別：about常用于簡單的或淺顯的論述等，是一般用語，多用于講故事，談話；思考等；on多用于系統論述或專題講演、論著等，具有學術性，如：
The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng. It's very moving.
He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他將給我們做個關于黨史的報告。
come up with
come up with= find or produce (an answer)意為“提出，提供”，它是由動詞和介詞一起構成的短語動詞。它的另一個意思是“趕上”。例如：
I hope you can come up with a better plan than this. 我希望你能提出個更好的計劃。
We shall have to work hard to come up with them. 我們要努力工作，趕上他們。
類似的詞組有：
catch up with come in for
pay for
pay for意為“給……報酬”，“付款”。常見句型有：(1) pay for+貨物，(2) pay+名詞／代詞+for+物。例如：
How much did you pay for that book？那本書你付了多少錢？
I'll pay you five yuan for it．我將為此給你五元錢。
I'm afraid can't pay you anything for it．我恐怕不能為此給你任何報酬。
She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她以前是一位語文老師。
used to
used to意為“過去經常”，它只有過去式，用于各種人稱的單、復數，表示過去存在的，但現在已經停止的情況或習慣，后接動詞原形。例如：
They used to come on foot，but they don’t do that again. They often come by bus. 他們過去經常步行來，現在不了。他們經常乘車來。
used to是表示過去經常重復的動作。在表示過去的習慣時，used to是比較規則的習慣，它與would不太一樣，would側重于敘述過去的光景，used to側重于和現在相對照。
used to的疑問形式和否定形式可以用助詞did或自身形成構成。美國人多用助動詞 did；英國人多用used to本身。如：
–Did you use to go there?
–Yes, very often./No, only seldom.
I used not to like Beijing opera, but now I’m very fond of it.我過去不喜歡京戲，但現在非常喜歡。
他過去不常抽煙。He didn’t use to smoke.== He used to smoke.
注意區分be used to所表示的意思是“習慣于……”，后跟名詞或動名詞，used是一個形容詞。例如：
I’m not used to drinking．我不習慣喝酒。
She is used to running in the morning．她習慣早上跑步。
have got
I think I've got one．我想我有一個。
英語中表示“所有”用have，口語中常用 have got，其否定形式為haven't got，疑問形式為Have…got…？在美國英語中常使用don't have，Do… have…？例如：
I've got a book about chemistry. = I have a book about chemistry．我有一本化學書。
He hasn't got an umbrella. = He doesn't have an umbrella． 他沒有雨傘。
–Have you got a pencil sharpener? = Do you have a pencil sharpener？
–Yes, here you are.
2、語法：現在完成時
注意與現在完成時態連用的幾個副詞：already；just，yet， ever，never等。already，just多用于肯定句，yet，ever，never多用于疑問句和否定句中。如：
I have already finished my homework．我已經完成了作業。
He has just had his meal. 他剛吃過飯。
Have you ever heard this song？你曾聽過這首歌嗎？
They haven’t left yet．他們還沒動身。
We have never seen so beautiful flowers．我們從來沒有見過這么漂亮的花。
三、習題精選（印發給學生）課堂檢查輔導
初三英語單元過關自查練習（UNIT 1）
Ⅰ. 詞匯練習
A. 詞語釋義（從右欄中找出與左欄意思相近的詞語）。
( )l. return A. about
( )2. pity B. at the moment
( )3. think of C. in all places
( )4. everywhere D. ready to help others
( )5. ever E. give back
( )6. helpful F. come up with
( )7. now G. feeling sorry for someone
( )8. on H. at any time
B. 根據句意和首字母補全單詞。
1. I'll meet s______ foreigners at the airport this evening.
2. Bruce made two s______ and put all of his books on them.
3. Please write your name, address and something about yourself on the f_____.
4. A: Are you often a______?
B: Yes, twice a year.
5. I met Mr. Green in the street in London o______ last year.
C. 用所給詞的適當形式填空。
1. They haven't found the ____child yet. (lose)
2. I got up late this morning and what was ______(bad), my bike was broken on the way.
3. I think books can make people ______. (happy)
4. Jane came up with a good idea a few days ______. (late)
5. Mr. Green ______to get-on-line when he was young. (use)
6. John's hobby is ____ basket ball .(play)
Ⅱ. 單項選擇
1. Granny looked for her book, but she couldn’t find it ______.
A. somewhere B. everywhere C. anywhere D. nowhere
2.－When did you ______the book to the library?
－Yesterday afternoon.
A. borrow B. lend C. give D. return
3. The man took away the dictionary but did not ______.
A. pay it B. pay for it C. cost it D. spend it
4. English teachers often encourage the students _______ English aloud.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. readed
5.－ ______he ever ______abroad ?
－No, never.
A. Did, go B. Is, been C. Has, been D. Has, gone
6. How long may I ______ the history books?
A. keep B. lend C. borrow D. return
7. She______ an English teacher.
A. uses to B. used to C. use to be D. used to be
8. One day the librarian ______ an idea.
A. came up B. came with C. came up with D. came up to
9. Now her lost books are usually______ the library.
A .returned B .returned to C. paid D. paid to
10. My hobby is ______all kinds of coins.
A. to collect B. collecting C. to pick up D. picking up
11. Can you ______who has lost the watch?
A. look for B. look up C. find D. find out
12. My postcard is still on the desk. Why ______you ______it ?
A. haven’t, posted B. didn’t, post
C. wasn’t posting D. won’t, post
13. The man ____France will give us a talk ____his country.
A. from, on B. of, in C. of, about D. from, of
14. He is too old to ______the name of that book.
A. pick up B. think of C. come up D. fill in
15. Someone is knocking at the door. It ____my mother. It's time for her to be back.
A. can be B. may not be C. must be D. mustn’t be
16. I don’t know where Mr. White has gone. You’d better ask ____.
A. else somebody B. other somebody
C. somebody else D. anybody else
17. When he saw a ticket on the ground, he stopped ____.
A. to pick it up B. pick it up C. to pick up it D. pick up it
18. He says that he will ______to me in three days.
A. return the money B. return back the money
C. get the money back D. pay back the money
19. Father ______the city of New York three days ago.
A. leave B. left to C. left off D. left for
20. Tom ______ there for 10 months since he ______ back to his hometown.
A. has lived, gets B. has lived, got C. lived, go D. lived, has got
Ⅲ. 同義句轉換
1. You can watch the football match after you finish your home-work. (同義句轉換)
You______ watch the football match______ you finish your homework.
2.I have never heard such a piece of wonderful music. (同義句轉換)
This piece of music is______ ______ wonderful piece I've ever heard.
3. May I borrow your bike?
____you ____your bike ____ ____ ?
4.When he was young, he worked on a farm, but now he doesn't.
He ___ ____ ____a farmer.
5. Her bike was lost, and my bike was lost, too.
Her bike was lost, and ____ ____ ____.
Ⅳ. 短文填空，一空一詞。
A library is a collection (收集)of books. It ______ ______quite small or it may be large.
Libraries, both big ______small ones are for us to use. You may go to read books there. You may ______books from it.
There are a lot of story ______and other kinds of books in the library. You can borrow them
if you have a ______card. You must read _______many books as you can. It will be helpful.
When you borrow a book, you must ______your card. The assistant writes a date in the book.
Then you can take it ______. But you must give it back to the library _______ the date.
Ⅴ. 補全對話
根據對話內容，在每個空白處填入一個適當的詞，使對話完整，合乎情景。
A: Excuse me.
B: What can I do for you?
A: I want to 1 a book about art. But I can’t 2 the name of it.
B: 3 does it 4 like?
A: It has a lot of 5 pictures.
B: Is it thick or 6 ?
A; It’s not thick. It’s only 7 one hundred 8 .
B: I see. Please 9 a moment. I’ll go and 10 it out for you.
Ⅵ. 完形填空
A good dictionary is a very good tool(工具). It will tell you not only what a word means but also 1 it is used. A dictionary needs to be printed (印刷) again about every ten years. Languages develop and a good dictionary must show these new changes.
A new English dictionary will only tell you 2 most people use the language today. It will not tell you what is right or wrong. It may tell you the right time to use a word. If only many people use a word, a dictionary will either tell this or not list(編列) it. 3 dictionaries will tell you many interesting facts. If you type a word and the word is too long, look it up in your dictionary. All dictionaries show you 4 to break (分拆)a word. And they also 5 you how a word is spoken.
Every dictionary, of course, tells you what a word means. But some words, like “get” or “take”, may have dozens of meanings. In some dictionaries, the main meanings are often list first. The other newest meanings are listed last. So before you use your dictionary, you should always 6 the front part. This part explains 7 .
Some dictionaries also show you where a word comes 8 . Do you know that the word “brand (標記)” comes from an old word? This old word means “to burn”. This is because hundreds of years ago people burned their own names on tables or boats to show who 9 them. They also burned their names on their farm animals __10 they would not be stolen.
Your dictionary also has a lot of interesting facts in it. After you have learned to
use a dictionary, it can become your best useful book.
1. A. when B. where C. why D. how
2.A.how B. what C. why D. if
3. A. Every B. Some C. All D. Many
4.A.when B. where C. why D. which
5.A.say B. talk C. show D. write
6.A.see B. look C. watch D. read
7. A. how use it B. to use C. how to use it D. use it
8.A.into B. up C. by D. from
9. A. builds B. makes C. build D. made
10. A. when B. in order C. so that D. before
Ⅶ.閱讀理解
A
What is a library for? Most libraries have books and other things to read. Many of them have things to listen to. Some libraries even have computers (電腦). Very few people would think of a library as a place to live in.
One library in New York City turned into a home for 250 people for several days. These were all people near the library. They moved into their library for a very special reason(特殊的原因). They slept on the floor. Why did the people move into the library?
The people moved into the library because the city wanted to close it to save（節省）money. These 250 New Yorkers loved their library. They didn’t want to lose it. So they moved in. They knew that the library couldn’t be closed if they were living inside it. At last the city agreed to keep the library open, and the people all went home.
根據短文內容判斷正（T）誤（F）。
1. This story happened in the libraries in Australia.
2. The library almost closed to save the city money.
3. The library had 350 people living there.
4. The people in this story maybe like to read books.
5. A closed library would keep the people quiet.
B
We have a big well-equipped(配備完整的) library in our school. There is a librarian (圖書管理員) in charge of(掌管) it. Students of the school may borrow books from the library but they may not lend them to others. Students may borrow three books at a time. They may keep the books for 2 weeks. If they do not return them on time, the librarian mustn’t lend any more books to them.
There are a number of rules for good behaviour(行為舉止) in the library. Students should put back the books in their right places on the shelves. They should leave the magazines and newspapers in good order（順序）. They should take the books carefully and keep them clean and don’t break them. Students may not talk or make any noise in the library. They should keep quiet when they are passing along outside the library.
根據短文內容，選擇最佳答案。
6. How many librarians are in change of the library in the writer’s school?
A. Only one. B. Two. C. Many. D. Three.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The duties of the librarian.
B. The rules of the library.
C. How long the students may have the library books.
D. Students can talk loudly in the library.
8. How many books can students borrow at a time?
A. One book. B. Tow books. C. Three books. D. Four books.
9. When the students finish reading the magazines and newspapers, the should _______.
A. put them back in their wrong places
B. put them back in other places
C. put them back in right places
D. put them in any places
10. When the students are passing outside the library, they should ______.
A. keep clean B. keep the books for two weeks
C. keep making noises D. keep quiet
附：參考答案：
Ⅰ. A. 1-8 EGFCHDBA
B. 1.several 2.shelves 3.form 4.abroad 5.once
C. 1.lost 2.worse 3.happy 4.later 5.used 6.to play
Ⅱ. 1. C 2. D 3.B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A
11. D 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. D 20. B
Ⅲ. 1.can't, until 2.the most 3.Can, lend, to, me 4.used, to, be 5.so, was, mine
Ⅳ. may, be, and, borrow, books, library, as, show, away, before
Ⅴ. 1.borrow 2.remember 3.What 4.look 5.colour 6.thin 7.about 8.pages 9.wait 10.find
Ⅵ. 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C
Ⅶ. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6-10 A B C C D
四、布置作業
1、預習UNIT 2
2、完成 初三英語單元過關自查練習（UNIT 2）
3、疑難摘要出來。
五、課后反思