科目 英語(yǔ)
年級(jí) 初三
文件 middle3 unit15.doc
標(biāo)題 At home with the twins
章節(jié) 第十五單元
關(guān)鍵詞
內(nèi)容
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1.詞匯
A.單詞
四會(huì): right away, whether, for long, make friends, get on … with…mistake, make a mistake, dance, either, light, dark, take one’s time, cost, try … on
三會(huì): lonely, fight, decide, wool(l)en, hang, cotton, expensive, soft
B.詞組/句型
right away It feels strange to do…
a twin sister for long
make friends with… get on (well) with…
mistake sb for sb make a mistake
feel the same on one’s birthday
light / dark green decide to do
birthday present make problems
fight about play with
try sth on have a look at …
take one’s time
2. 日常交際用語(yǔ)
Do we need some more … ?
Can you go and get some, please?
What can I do for you?
Do you like this one?
Can I try it on?
It’s (not) cheap enough.
I’d like two sweaters for my daughter.
Please take your time.
I can’t decide which one to buy.
3. 語(yǔ)法
由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
1.need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的用法
need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞僅用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句;
用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must提問(wèn)時(shí), 否定回答用needn’t ;
用need做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提問(wèn)時(shí), 肯定回答用must .
I needn’t show her the answer to the question, need I?
我不必把這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案給她看, 是嗎?
“Must you finish your homework today?”
“你必須今天完成作業(yè)嗎?”
“Yes, I must”（“No, I needn’t.”）
“是的, 我必須今天完成.”（“不, 我不必今天完成.”）
“Need she go at once?”
“她馬上就得走嗎?”
“Yes, she must.”（“No, she needn’t.”）
“是的, 她必須馬上走.”（“不, 她不必馬上走.”）
need作為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞有它作為動(dòng)詞的多種形式, 可以用于各種
句型之中, 表示不同的意義.
實(shí)際上need較多地用于實(shí)意動(dòng)詞, 較少用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.
在表示過(guò)去意義時(shí), 常用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞, 而不用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.
“Does he need to wash his hands?”
“他要不要洗手?”
“Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.”
“是的, 他得洗. / 不, 他不必洗.”
Did they need to do it yesterday?
他們昨天需要做那件事情嗎?
We need to practise speaking English more often, don’t we?
我們需要多練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ), 是不是?
2.關(guān)于否定疑問(wèn)句
否定疑問(wèn)句一般用來(lái)表示驚異, 責(zé)難, 贊嘆, 邀請(qǐng)或建議等,
一般不要求對(duì)方用Yes或No來(lái)回答.
That’s really a great place. Don’t you go with us?
那真是一個(gè)奇妙的地方, 你難道不和我們一塊去? (驚異)
Why are you so late? Didn’t I tell you to come early?
你為什么來(lái)得這么遲? 我不是叫你早點(diǎn)來(lái)的嗎? (責(zé)備)
Isn’t the film interesting!
這部電影真是有趣極了. (贊嘆)
Won’t you have another cup of tea?
再喝一杯茶好嗎? (邀請(qǐng)或建議)
Mom, can’t Lily do it?
媽媽, Lily就不能做嗎? (責(zé)備)
有時(shí)對(duì)不太有把握的事情向?qū)Ψ教釂?wèn), 也可以用這種否定疑問(wèn)句;
這時(shí)答語(yǔ)應(yīng)該和附加問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)一樣, 如果是肯定的, 要用Yes,
否則就用No, 這跟漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣很不相同.
“Aren’t you in Class Two?”“Yes, I am.”
“你不是二班的學(xué)生吧?”“不, 我是二班的.”
“Doesn’t she want to go?”“No, she doesn’t.”
“她難道不想去嗎?”“是的, 她不想去.”
3.so的兩種用法.
(…亦)如此, (…也)同樣
通常用于“so + 系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)”的句型中.
I was late and so was she.
我遲到了, 她也是.
“I am leaving now.”“So am I.”
“我現(xiàn)在要走了.”“我也要走.”
“I saw the film on TV. ”“So did I.”
“我在電視上看了那部電影.”“我也看了.”
“I can play tennis.”“So can I.”
“我會(huì)打網(wǎng)球.”“我也會(huì).”
正是那樣,確是如此
通常用于“so + 主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”的句型中.
“She is very good at swimming.”“So she is.”
“她很擅長(zhǎng)游泳.”“不錯(cuò), 確實(shí)如此.”
“Tom often goes to school by bike.”“So he does.”
“湯姆經(jīng)常騎車去上學(xué).”“不錯(cuò), 的確如此.”
“She’s made a mistake about me.”“So she has.”
“她誤會(huì)了我.”“她的確誤會(huì)了你.”
“She can help her mother with the cooking.”“So she can.”
“她會(huì)幫媽媽做飯”“是的, 她會(huì).”
4.what引導(dǎo)的從句
what引導(dǎo)的是名詞性從句, 在復(fù)合句中可以做主語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ), 表語(yǔ).
它所引導(dǎo)的從句具有以下兩種意義:
what從句可以用來(lái)表示一種問(wèn)題, 具有疑問(wèn)概念.這種從句結(jié)構(gòu)上
仍是一個(gè)特殊問(wèn)句, 只是不用倒裝語(yǔ)序.
What she wants to say isn’t clear to us.
她想要說(shuō)什么我們還不清楚.
I don’t know what he said at the meeting.
我不知道他在會(huì)上都說(shuō)了些什么.
The problem is what we should do next.
問(wèn)題是我們下一步該怎么辦.
What從句可以表示一種東西或事情, 不具有疑問(wèn)概念.
一般翻譯成“（某人）所……的東西（事情）”
That’s what we need.
這正是我們所需要的(東西).
What I saw there is not easy to forget.
我在那兒所看到的(事情)是不易忘記的.
Do you still remember what she said?
你還記得她所說(shuō)的話嗎?
The factory is quite different from what it was.
這家工廠與以前大不相同.
5.whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引的是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句,
和疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一樣, 從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句語(yǔ)序,
即whether/if + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ).
“Lucy, can you go and get some tea?” she asked.
She asked Lucy if / whether she could go and get some tea.
她問(wèn)Lucy是否她可以去拿些茶來(lái).
He asked, “Are you a doctor or a teacher?”
He asked me whether I was a doctor or a teacher.
他問(wèn)我是醫(yī)生還是教師.
6.lonely和alone的區(qū)別
alone是陳述一個(gè)客觀事實(shí), 獨(dú)自一個(gè)人, 沒(méi)有同伴或助手.
Lonely則有濃厚的情感色彩, 表示“渴望伴侶”、“孤獨(dú)地, 寂寞地”
He was alone in the room when I saw him.
我看到他時(shí), 他獨(dú)自一人在屋里.
He feels lonely when he is left alone.
只剩下他一個(gè)人的時(shí)候, 他就感到孤獨(dú).
7.for long (副)長(zhǎng)久(地) (用于否定句, 疑問(wèn)句, if從句)
We won’t stay there for long.
我們不會(huì)在那兒長(zhǎng)久停留.
Were you there for long?
你在那兒呆了很久嗎?
8.make friends with sb. 意思是“與某人交朋友”, 其中friends總是
復(fù)數(shù)形式.
My father likes to make friends with doctors.
我父親喜歡與醫(yī)生交朋友.
I decide to make friends with Tom.
我決定與湯姆交朋友.
9.get on/along with sb與(某人) 相處
How are you getting on with your classmates?
你與你的同學(xué)們相處得怎么樣?
We get on well with each other.
我們相處融洽.
He doesn’t get on well his teacher.
他與他的老師關(guān)系不好.
get on/along with sth. 在(某方面)進(jìn)展或進(jìn)行
How are you getting on/along with your study of English?
你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展如何?
Things are getting on well here.
這兒情況很好.
Go and see how he’s getting on with his work.
去看看他的工作進(jìn)展情況怎樣了.
10.mistake可以作動(dòng)詞(vt.), 意思是“誤解…, 弄錯(cuò), 誤會(huì)”
mistake + n.
I mistook his meaning / what he meant.
我誤解了他的意思/用意.
I often mistake the date/ the address.
我經(jīng)常弄錯(cuò)日期/住址.
mistake + n. + for + n. 把…誤為…
He often mistook me for my brother.
他經(jīng)常把我誤當(dāng)作我的哥哥.
I’m sorry I mistook you for Mrs Li.
對(duì)不起我把你誤當(dāng)作李太太了.
mistake可以作名詞, 意思是“錯(cuò)誤, 過(guò)失, 誤解, 誤會(huì)”
make a mistake搞錯(cuò), 誤會(huì)
They call me Lily sometimes and I don’t always tell them they've
made a mistake.
他們有時(shí)叫我Lily, 但我并不每次對(duì)他們說(shuō)他們搞錯(cuò)了.
make a mistake犯錯(cuò)誤, 出錯(cuò)
Everyone may make mistakes in life.
每個(gè)人一生中都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤.
You made many mistakes in your exercises.
你在練習(xí)中出了許多錯(cuò)誤.
We should make as few mistakes as possible in our work.
我們?cè)诠ぷ髦斜M可能的少出錯(cuò).
11.too, either和also表示“也”
too和also一般用于肯定句中.
too用于口語(yǔ), 語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng), 放在句尾, 或作插入語(yǔ)放在句中.
also一般用于正式場(chǎng)合, 緊靠動(dòng)詞.
either作為副詞表示“也”, 一般用于否定句中, 與too相對(duì),放在句尾.
He will go to town tomorrow. I shall go, too.
他明天將進(jìn)城去, 我也去.
He was in Beijing last summer, too.
去年夏天他也在北京.
I also went to the meeting.
我也參加了那次會(huì)議.
I’ve also read that story.
我也讀過(guò)那篇小說(shuō).
He is not in the classroom and he isn’t in the library, either.
他不在教室, 他也不在圖書館.
He didn’t go to school yesterday and she didn’t either.
昨天他沒(méi)去上學(xué), 她也沒(méi)去.
12.decide表示“決定, 決心, 判斷, 推斷”
decide + to do / that… 決定做…
He decided to buy a new car.
= He decided (that) he would buy a new car.
他決定要買一輛新車.
She decided not to go.
= She decided that she (should) not go.
她決定不去了.
decide + wh- 決定…
I can’t decide which to take.
= I can’t decide which I (should) take.
我拿不定主意要選(買)哪一個(gè).
13.take one’s time vi. 慢慢來(lái)
You don’t have to answer quickly. Please take your time.
你不必著急回答, 請(qǐng)慢慢考慮.
14.由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的不定式
疑問(wèn)代詞what, which, whom或疑問(wèn)副詞how, when, where可引導(dǎo)
一個(gè)不定式在句中作賓語(yǔ). 這種結(jié)構(gòu)往往可轉(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句, 不定式可改為一個(gè)由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.
I don’t know what to do next.
= I don’t know what I shall do next.
我不知接下來(lái)該怎么辦.
Have you decided which to choose?
= Have you decided which you should choose?
該挑選哪一個(gè)你作出決定了嗎?
Do you know whom to go with?
= Do you know whom you shall go with?
你知道和誰(shuí)一塊去嗎?
He showed me how to start the machine.
= He showed me how I could start the machine.
他示范給我看如何啟動(dòng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器.
Did she tell you when to have the meeting?
= Did she tell you when we should have the meeting?
她告訴你什么時(shí)候開會(huì)了嗎?
At last I got to know where to find his address.
= At last I got to know where I could find his address.
我終于明白在什么地方可找到他的住址.
15.cost, spend, pay和take的用法
Sth. + cost + sb. + money (某物)花了(某人)多少錢
This sweater cost me 100 dollars.
這件毛衣花了我100美元.
Sb + spend + money + on/for + sth. 花錢于….
I spent 100 dollars on this sweater.
我花了100美元買這件毛衣.
Sb + spend + time + (in) doing sth. 花多少時(shí)間來(lái)做…
I spent my summer vacation (in) reading and fishing.
我的暑假是在看看書和釣釣魚中度過(guò)的.
Sb + pay + (sb) + money + for + sth. 某人付給某人多少錢買某物
I paid (the shopkeeper) 100 dollars for this sweater.
我付給(店主) 100美元買這件毛衣.
It + take + sb + time + to do sth做某事花掉某人多少時(shí)間
It took me one hour to finish my homework yesterday.
昨天我花了一個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)完成作業(yè).
同步練習(xí)
I. 找出與劃線部分讀音不同的單詞.
1. A. change B. make C. mistake D. dance
2. A. eighth B. either C. eighty D. eight
3. A. dark B. star C. hard D. war
4. A. heart B. clear C. hear D. dear
5. A. school B. moon C. wool D. food
6. A. weather B. leave C. head D. bread
7. A. rather B. together C. with D. think
8. A. enough B. cough C. laugh D. light
9. A. Britain B. chemistry C. dinner D. mind
10. A. whether B. whole C. who D. whose
II. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.
1.I’m very pleased ________ (hear) that your wife will come to our get-together.
2.The tow shirts both look nice. I can’t decide which ________ (buy).
3.Whose turn is it ________ (give) a talk in class?
4.What are you usually doing while your parents _______ (watch) TV?
5.Can you tell me how much the radio ________ (cost) you?
6.I ________ (do) some reading when the light went out.
7.How many times ______ your parents ________ (visit) our school this year?
8.Where _______ you _______ (go) for your last summer holiday?
9.How soon ________ you ________ (be) ready for the journey?
10.I ________ (not stay) there for long.
III. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1.What have you decided to give your girl friend ________ her birthday?
A.at B. in C. with D. for
2.I’d better invite ________ .
A.both them B. all them
C. them all D. them of both
3.________ do you know they are fighting about?
A.How B. Which C. What D. Where
4.I don’t know how Sally ________ at school with her lessons.
A.gets up B. gets on C. gets out D. gets down
5.Sorry I mistook you ________ Mr Green.
A.with B. of C. by D. for
6.I don’t think a small thing like this ________ so much.
A.paid B. spent C. cost D. took
7.He still has no idea when ________ her the bad news.
A.tells B. telling C. will tell D. to tell
8.If you stay at school this Sunday, I ________ go anywhere ________ .
A.don’t, either B. don’t, too
C. won’t, either D. won’t, too
9.Everybody in our class went to help except you ________ .
A.and me B. or me C. and I D. or I
10.He didn’t think the shirt ________, so he didn’t buy it.
A.enough cheap B. enough expensive
C. cheap enough D. expensive enough
11.________ he told us about how to learn English well is really very important.
A.Which B. That C. What D. Where
12.Is this story the same as ________ in that newspaper?
A.what B. that C. it D. the one
13.I ________ go there this morning, so I stayed.
A.needn’t to B. didn’t need
C. didn’t need to D. needed not
14.“Aren’t you Mary’s sister?”“________. I’m her aunt.”
A.No, I am B. Yes, I’m not
C. No, I’m not D. Yes, I am
15.“Tom does very well in Chinese.”“____________”
A.He does it B. He does so
C. So does he D. So he does
16.She asked me whether ________ able to read and write in English.
A.was he B. he was
C. he could be D. could he be
17.“I’m sorry I’ve forgotten to bring you the letter.”
“Never mind. ________.”
A.I’m going to get it myself
B.I’m going and get it myself
C.I’ll go and get it myself
D.I’ll go to get myself
18.I ________ that piece of cake for two yuan.
A.spent B. cost C. bought D. took
IV. 完形填空
Have you ever seen snow? ___1___ people in the world have not. A lot of countries never have snow or they have it only on the tops of very high mountains. In Scotland and in the north or England, there is quite a lot of snow every ___2___ but in the south of England, there is usually ___3___.
When a student from ___4___ country like Malays (馬萊半島) or Indonesia (印度尼西亞) comes to Britain in autumn for the first time, he feels ___5___ at first. There are ___6___ dark clouds, gray sky and cold rain in Britain in autumn, and most students from warm countries ___7___ like this.
But snow is different. Although it is very cold, it is very beautiful. Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the student wakes up one day, and there is a lot of ___8___ in his room. He thinks, “Is it so ___9___?” and jumps out of bed. But no, it is no very last. He ___10___ out of the window and there is the ___11___ , on the ground and on the roofs (屋頂) of the houses and ___12___. The light in his room came from that clean, beautiful white snow.
1. A. A lot of B. Much C. A little D.A lot
2. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
3. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
4. A. a cold B. a windy C. a warm D. a rainy
5. A. hot B. cold C. cool D. warm
6. A. often B. not C. no D. even
7. A. not B. does not C. do not D. have
8. A. light B. dark C. wind D. bright
9. A. early B. cold C. warm D. late
10. A. sees B. looks C. looks at D. sees for
11. A. wind B. rain C. snow D. fog
12. A.anywhere B. nowhere C. where D.everywhere