1、陳述句中肯定句變為否定句，大部分是用not來改變謂語結構，但也有借用否定意義的詞，如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly等，例如：：

A：Tom does well in maths. B：Tom doesn’t do well in maths.

A：He has much to do. B：He has nothing to do.

A：All of my classmates like art. B：None of my classmates likes art.

2、改為疑問句。根據上下句的結構和詞的減少，來判斷變為哪一種形式的疑問句。例如：

A：My brother often has breakfast at school. B： Does your brother often have breakfast at school?

A：Tom’s already weak in English. B：Tom’s already weak in English, isn’t he ?

A：The red light changes every two minutes. B：How often does the red light change?

3、改為感嘆句。根據所給的句子結構和單詞的詞性，來確定使用哪一種感嘆句的形式，例如：

A：This is an interesting book. B：What an interesting book this is! 或 How interesting this book is!

1、同義詞或詞組之間的轉換。（通常上下句時態保持一致）。 常見的同義詞或詞組有：

1. “花費”spend-take-cost-take；2. “到達”get to-reach-arrive in/at；3. “收到…來信”hear from-get a letter from

-receive a letter from-have a letter from4. “擅長于…”be good at -do well in5. “有空”be free-have time；6. “入睡”go to sleep-get to sleep-fall asleep；(7) “玩得開心”enjoy oneself-have a good time；(8)“給…打電話”call sb-telephone sb-ring sb. a call-make a telephone to sb.(9)“飛往…”fly to…-go to…by air/plane(10)“自學”teach oneself-learn…by oneself(11)在…方面幫助help…with…-help… (to)do…(12)在…差be weak in…-do badly

in…(13)能/會…can-be able to更喜歡…like…better than…-prefer…to…(15)充滿了…be full of…-be filled with…(16)放棄干…give up doing…-stop doing…(17)不再… no longer-not …any longer(18)照顧/保管 take care of…-look after

(19)展覽 on show-on display(20)阻止…干…stop…from doing-keep/prevent…from doing…(21)由于 thanks to-because

of…(22)舉手hands up-put up one’s hands(23)最后，終于at last-in the end(24)與…不同 be different from…-be not the

same as…(25)從…借入… borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火車/的 go to…by bus/train/taxi-take a bus /train to

(27)乘自行車去… go to…by bike-ride a bike to…(28)為…感到自豪 be proud of…-be the pride of…(29)步行去… walk to…-go to…on foot (30)獨自地by oneself -alone等。

例如： A：The children had a good time in the park. B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.

2、同義句型之間的轉化。常見的同義句型有①It seems that 從句→Somebody seems（to be）+adj/n ②It’s kind of sb. to do…→Somebody is kind to do… ③What does…mean?→What do you mean by…?或What’s

the meaning of…?④There is something wrong with…→Something is wrong with… ⑤not…until…與when/after/before引導的時間狀語從句的轉換 ⑥What’s wrong with…?→What’s the matte with…? ⑦How is…?→What’s…like…?⑧How do

you like…?→What do you think of?⑧It’s time that…→It’s time for sb. to do…⑨It’s said that…→People say that…⑩Can I help you? →What can I do for you?

例如： A：I went to bed after I finished my homework. B：I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.

3、if引導的條件狀語從句的轉化。例如：

A:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, they’ll go to the park. B：Unless it rains tomorrow, they’ll go to the park.

A：If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late. B：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

A：Fish can’t live if there is no water. B：Fish can’t live without water.

4、現在完成時態中的一句多譯。在現在完成時態中，結束性動詞不能與時間段連用，必須改成相應的延續性動詞。常見的動詞轉換有：buy-have, borrow-keep, die-be dead, open-be open, join-be in+組織/be a +成員, begin-be on, leave-be away from, close-be closed, arrive in/ get to/ come/go to-be in/at, finsh-be over, go to sleep-be asleep，get up-be up.

例如：The old man died five months ago.The old man has been dead since five months ago.

The old man has been dead for five months.

It’s five months since the old man died.Five months has passed since the old man died.

5、簡單句與復合句之間的轉換。 ①含賓語從句的復合句與簡單句的轉換。例如：

A I saw they were playing football on the playground. B saw them playing football on the playground.

A：The teacher found that she was very clever. B：The teacher found her very clever.

A：He found that it was hard to learn English well. B：He found it hard to learn English well.

A：We are sure that we will win to first match. B：We are sure to win to first match.

由疑問代詞/副詞引導的賓語從句可轉化為“疑問句+不定式”結構。例如：

A：Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? B：Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?

A：We don’t know what we should do next. B：We don’t know what to do next.

②由when/after/before/while/since/until引導的時間狀語從句可轉化為when/after/before/while/sine/until + doing…

例如： A：They went home after they finished their work. B：The went home after finishing their work.

A：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China. B：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.

When sb. +be+數詞+years old→at the age of+歲數

A：When he was twelve years old, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

③由so…that…引導的結果狀語從句可轉化為too…to do或…enough to do……例如：

A：The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. B：The box is too heavy for me to carry.

或：The box isn’t light enough for me to carry.

A：The child is so old that he can go to school. B：The child is old enough to go to school.

④由so that 引導的目的狀語從句可轉化為in order to do例如：

A：My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.

B：My father got up early this morning in order to catch the early bus.

⑤由because 引導的原因狀語從句可轉化為because of…例如：

A：We didn’t go to the park because it rained. B：We didn’t go to the park because of the rain.

⑥定語從句可以轉化為介詞短語或分詞短語。例如：

A：The man who is on the bike is Jim. B：The man on the bike is Jim.

A：The man who is driving the red car is my boss. B：The man driving the red car is my boss.

A：The girl who is called Mary is my sister. B：The girl called Mary is my sister.

6、用并列連詞neither…nor；either…or…；both…and…；not only…but also…連句。例如：

A：I haven’t seen a TV play for long, and Lily hasn’t either. B：Neither I nor Lily has seen a TV play for long.

A：Tom is good at maths, and he is good at French, too. B：Tom is good at both maths and French.

neither…nor…, either…or…和not only…but also…連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞依靠近它的主語而定，即“就近原則”，但是both…and用來連接兩個主語時，謂語復數。

7、主動語與被動語態的互變。 “主動”變“被動”實行“三變二不變”原則。“三變”即是主語，謂語和賓語的變化，“二不變”即時態不變，句式不變。例如：

A：They make watches in the town. B：Watches are made by them in the town.

A：I can finish the work before eight. B：The work can be finished（by me）before eight.

A：Do they grow rice in South China? B：Is rice grown in South China?

注：使役性動詞make或感觀性動詞see/watch/look at/hear/listen to/feel在主動語態中所帶省to的不定式賓補變為被動語態時，必須加上to.

A：I saw him take your umbrella. B：He was seen to take your umbrella.

8、形容詞、副詞二級之間的轉化，例如

A：Chinese is the most important subject of all. B：Chinese is more important than any other subject.

A：This exercise is easier than the other two. B：This exercise is the easiest of the three.