●學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
Ⅰ.單詞和詞組
quality；smart；honest；brave；loyal；handsome；argue；be fond of；survive；deserted；hunt for；make fire；treat as；care about；make friends with；on board；tell lies；regard as；be quick in mind and action；wait for sb. to do sth.；scared；drop sb. a line
Ⅱ.日常交際用語
I think…
I like/I love/I hate…
I enjoy…
My interests are…
Ⅲ.語法
直接引語與間接引語（1）
●學(xué)習(xí)障礙
Ⅰ.單詞及短語
especially；nor；like；boring；interest；everyday；deserted；hunt；make fire；treat as；share；care；on board the plane
Ⅱ.語法
直接引語和間接引語(1)
1.直接引語和間接引語的句式轉(zhuǎn)換。
2.直接引語和間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)變化。
●學(xué)習(xí)策略
I.單詞及短語部分
especially adv.特殊的,尤其是
橫向比較法：
especially與specially區(qū)別
especially
（1）側(cè)重于多種事物或人中比較突出的。
I like all the subjects at school,especially English.
（2）especially 后可接介詞短語或從句。 I like the country,especially in spring.
Noise is unpleasant,especially when you are trying to sleep.
specially 側(cè)重特意地，專門地做某事。
I made a chocolate cake specially for you.
聯(lián)系語境法：
I like it very much，________ the last part.
A.especial B.specially
C.special D.especially
答案：D
2.nor conj.也不
縱向歸納法：
(1)nor在引導(dǎo)分句時(shí)，分句要用倒裝句，即：nor+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+其他I don't know，nor do I care.
(2)用于neither…nor…并列連詞中
I have neither time nor money for the concert.
注意：本詞組連接主語時(shí)，句子的謂語動詞要用“就近原則”，即謂語動詞與離它近的主語一致。
Neither the students nor the teacher understands the problem.
(3)nor指前者沒有做某事，后者也沒有做。可由neither替換。
I can't finish the job on time.Nor(Neither)can Jim.
綜合運(yùn)用法：
If you don't want to go to the concert,________.
A.me,too B.nor do I
C.so shall I D.nor will I
答案：D 本題為倒裝句與條件狀語從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)知識的綜合運(yùn)用。
3.like（vt.）+動名詞
縱向歸納法：
like doing sth. 經(jīng)常喜歡做某事
I like walking.
like to do sth. 偶然，某次喜歡做某事
I don't like to walk，for it's raining.
橫向比較法：
與like類似用法的還有其他表示喜好、厭惡的詞：love， prefer，dislike，hate等。
綜合運(yùn)用法：
用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
I like people ________(tell) the truth.
答案： to tell like sb. to do.sth.=should/would like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事
4.boring adj. 令人厭煩的
縱向歸納法：
bore（vt.） boring，bored
bore (vt.) 令人厭煩
This book bores me.
boring adj.令人厭煩的
The book is very boring.
bored adj.感到厭煩的
I'm bored with the book.
橫向比較法：
有此表示情感的及物動詞，有與bore類似的用法。如：
interest,excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,astonish,move,inspire(令人激勵),touch,scare,
disappoint,puzzle,worry這類詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，為“令人……”；過去分詞形式，為“感到……”。
The student was excited at the exciting news.
5.interest n.興趣； 愛好
縱向歸納法：
interest可構(gòu)成如下短語
have an interest in sth./in doing sth.對某方面有興趣
show interest in sth./in doing sth.對某方面顯示興趣
take(an) interest in sth./in doing sth對某方面有興趣
develop interest in sth./in doing sth.對某方面培養(yǎng)出興趣
find interest in sth./in doing sth.對某方面培養(yǎng)出興趣
feel interest in sth./in doing sth.對某方面感興趣
lose interest in sth./in doing sth.對某方面失去興趣
His father took no interest in him.
They find interest in studying English in that way.
有時(shí)interest 可與不定冠詞連用。
He developed an interest in science。
另外：interest還可作“愛好”講。
His interests include reading and tennis.
聯(lián)系語境法：
用interest的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)His ________ in life are music and painting.
(2)I've lost my ________ in natural history.
答案：(1)interests (2)interest
6.everyday adj.日常的
橫向比較法：
everyday adj.連寫，“日常的”作定語；every day分寫，“每天”，作狀語。
We speak English .
答案： everyday every day
7.deserted adj.被拋棄的
縱向歸納法：
desert [dezt]n.沙漠 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠
desert[di′z:t]vt.丟棄，遺棄
He deserted his wife and children after becoming rich.
deserted adj.荒廢的，空的
The city was deserted during the war.
綜合運(yùn)用法：
Gebi ________ was once a prosperous place which ________ because the environment there was destroyed.
A.desert；deserted B.Desert；was deserted
C.Desert；deserted D.desert；was deserted
答案： B
8.hunt v.打獵；搜尋
橫向比較法：
hunt for= hunt after搜尋；逐獵
hunt down 終于找到，追捕
hunt out搜尋出
hunt through找遍；翻找
聯(lián)系語境法：
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空
(1)I have hunted ________ the house but I cannot find my pen.
(2)I've found the book I was hunting ________.
(3)I'll have to hunt ________ the children's old clothes to give to the beggar.
(4)The police hunted ________ the escaped prisoner at last.
答案：(1)through (2) for (3) out (4) down
9.make fire點(diǎn)火
橫向比較法：
有以下fire（n.）短語
be on fire著火了（表示狀態(tài)）
catch fire燃著；著火（表示動作）
play with fire干冒險(xiǎn)的事
set sth. on fire=set fire to sth.放火燒……
make (a) fire點(diǎn)火；生火
start/cause a fire引起火災(zāi)
put out the fire撲滅火災(zāi)
The fire is out.火滅了。
聯(lián)系語境法：
用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)They are ________ a fire to cook the meal.
(2)The house ________ fire yesterday evening.And it has ________ on fire for two hours.
(3)If I ________ fire to this book,it would burn.
(4)The fire was ________ by careless smoking.
答案：（1）making (2) caught,been (3) set (4) caused
10.treat…as…把……看做……
The kind lady treated me as her own daughter.
橫向比較法：
表示 “認(rèn)為” 的短語還有:
regard…as…,
consider…（as）…,
think of…as…,
look on/upon…as…,
take…for…
注意：在consider…as…短語中，as可省略，其他短語中不可。
綜合運(yùn)用法：
I don't ________ him my best friend.
A.treat B.regard
C.consider D.think of
答案：C
11.share
縱向歸納法：
(1)share均分
Let's share the loaf of bread among us.
(2)share…with…與……分享……
The two friends share joys and sorrows with each other.
(3)share in分擔(dān)……
I'll share with you in the cost.
聯(lián)系語境法：
在必要的地方填上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~
(1)He shared ________ the planning of the picnic.
(2)She and Mary shared ________ the same tastes and interests.
(3)Please share your newspaper ________me.
答案：（1）in (2)/(3) with
12.care v.
縱向比較法：
care for 喜歡；照顧，照料
care about在意；關(guān)心
聯(lián)系語境法：
用正確的介詞填空
(1)I don't care ________ Paris.
(2)She thinks only of herself；she doesn't care ________ other people.
(3)The house looked well cared________.
(4)The professor said that he was interested only in research；he didn't care ________ his students.
答案：（1）for (2) about (3) for (4) about
Ⅱ.語法部分
縱向歸納法：
1.直接引語變間接引語時(shí)有著時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語的變化。其變化形式見下列表格：
（1）時(shí)態(tài)的變化
直接引語 間接引語
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
He said,“I'm afraid I can't finish this work. 一般過去時(shí)
He said that he was afraid he couldn't finish that work.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
He said,“I'm using the knife.” 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
He said that he was using the knife.
一般將來時(shí)
Zhou Lan said,“I'll do it after class.” 過去將來時(shí)
Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.
一般過去時(shí)
He said,“I came to help you.” 過去完成時(shí)
He said that he had come to help me.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
She said,“I have not heard from him since May. 過去完成時(shí)
She said that she had not heard from him since May.
過去完成時(shí)
He said,“I had finished my homework before supper.” 過去完成時(shí)
He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
（2）人稱變化
He said,“I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much.
He said to me,“I've left my book in your room.” → He told me that he had left his book in my room.
（3）指示代詞的變化this→ that；these→ those
She said ,“I'll come this morning.”→She said that she would go that morning.
He said,“These books are mine.”→ He said that those books were his.
（4）時(shí)間狀語的變化now→then；today→that day,yesterday→the day before；tomorrow→the next day/the following day
He said,“It is nine o'clock now.”
→ He said that it was nine o'clock then.
She said,“I haven't seen her today.”
→ He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
She said,“I went there yesterday.”
→ She said that she had gone there the day before.
She said，“I'll go there tomorrow.”
→ She said that she would go there the next (following) day.
（5）地點(diǎn)狀語的變化here→ there
He said,“My sister was here three days ago.”
→He said that his sister had been there three days before.
（6）動詞的變化come →go
She said,“I will come here this evening.”
→She said that she would go there that evening.
2.直接引語變間接引語不同句式的變化方法：
直接引語句式 間接引語連詞
陳述句
He said，“You are a good girl.” 用that 連接（that）可以省略：He said (that) she was a good girl.
一般疑問句
He said,“Are you interested in English? 用if或whether連接，said改為asked，其后還可以加sb.，句子用陳述句語序。
He asked me if I was interested in English.
特殊疑問句
“What do you want?”he asked me. 用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)，句子用陳述句語序。
He asked me what I wanted.
●方法實(shí)踐
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.-What does your new house look like?
-________.
A.It looks well B.It is bright and large
C.It looks like a cave D.I don't like it
2.-I can't see the picture well from here.
-________ .
A.Nor can't I B.Neither I can
C.I can't,neither D.Nor can I
3.Little ________ what others think.
A.does he care about B.care he about
C.about he cared D.about cared he.
4.She likes ________,but she doesn't like ________ this afternoon.She'd like ________some other day.
A.swimming；swimming；to swim
B.to swim；swimming；to swim
C.swim；to swim；swimming
D.swimming；to swim；to swim
5.At school,what he enjoys ________ football.
A.playing B.to play
C.is playing D.played
6.At the ________ news,all the women present burst out crying.
A.unexpecting B.disappointing
C.disappointed D.interesting
7.The speech was very ________,and we were ________ to tears.
A.moved；moved B.moving；moving
C.moving；moved D.moved；moving
8.The wolf said in a ________voice and the scholar felt________.
A.frighting；frightened B.frightened；frightened
C.frightened;frightening D.frightening；frightening
9.In our ________ life,English is ________ used.
A.everyday；wide B.everyday；widely
C.every day；wide D.every day；widely
10.-Hello,Mary.I've got a girlfriend.
-What's she like?
-________.
A.I don't know
B.She's like her mother,not father
C.She likes music
D.Not bad! Quite pretty
11.It is always difficult being in a foreign country,________ if you don't speak the language.
A.extremely B.naturally
C.basically D.especially
12.________ I met him,he was working in that company.
A.The first time which B.As the first time
C.The first time D.Since the first time
13.The fire ________ for half an hour before the fire fighters arrived.
A.had put on B.was put on
C.had been out D.had broken out
14.Before I could catch the letter she dropped,it was already ________ fire.
A.on the B.on a
C.on D.in
15.It has been suggested that the land ________ equally among the peasants.
A.be shared B.should be spared
C.saved D.be spent
16.She took ________ in physics and read ________ on the subject.
A.interest；as books many as she could
B.an interest；as many books as she could
C.interested；as many books as she can
D.interests；as books as she could
17.-How's the young man?
-________.
A.He's twenty B.He's a doctor
C.He is much better D.He's David
18.Let Harry play with your toys as well,Clare-you must learn to ________.
A.support B.care
C.spare D.share
19.-Do you remember the lecture given by that famous professor?
-Yes,________ forget it.
A.Never I shall B.Never shall I
C.Neither shall I D.Nor do I
20.-What about your classmate,Susan?
-Our teacher ________ her a good and clever student.
A.regards B.believes
C.suggests D.considers
21.The ________ look on his face suggested that he ________ that.
A.surprising；hadn't expected
B.surprising；would expect
C.surprised；hadn't expected
D.surprised；shouldn't expected
22.-Do you know Mr Li is going aboard?
-I don't know,________.
A.either B.nor do I care
C.and I don't care it D.too
23.Those T-shirts are usually $35 each,but today they have a ________price of $19 in the shopping center.
A.special B.regular
C.cheap D.particular
24.Everybody in our village,men and women,young and old,________ sports and games.
A.are fond of B.joins
C.enjoys D.go in for
25.-My brother never washes his own dirty clothes.
-Oh，really？ ________.
A.I don't care B.don't be sorry
C.It doesn't matter D .It's OK with me
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
Jonathan Rivers lived alone in a neat house in Compton Street and worked in London.Like many other single men in their middle age,he was getting rather set in his ways.He looked after the house well and had a beautiful garden.Before he left the house in the morning,he would carefully close all the doors downstairs,open some windows upstairs to let the air in and lock the front door.One summer evening Jonathan returned home as usual,just at five minutes to seven.When he opened the front gate he immediately noticed something strange.There was a heavy footprint(腳印）in the earth in one of the flower beds.Jonathan was just going to blame the milkman when he noticed that one of the white curtains in the front room downstairs was out of place.Jonathan never left anything out of place.
He walked up to the front door and opened it quietly.He listened carefully for a few moments but could hear nothing.The front-room door was half-open.Jonathan studied it thoughtfully,wondering if he had forgotten to close it that morning.He had never forgotten to do it before.He stepped silently across the hall to the door and looked inside the room.The shadow of a man was clearly reflected on the far wall in the evening sunlight.The man had clearly been standing behind the door since Jonathan's return.Jonathan immediately locked the door.Then he calmly picked up the telephone in the hall and set about calling the police.
The burglar(盜賊）,a tall fellow with a beard,tried to climb through a windows to get out but Jonathan had expected that.He attacked him with his umbrella,using it like a sword.Three minutes later the police arrived on the scene.Jonathan was a little annoyed that he had to have dinner later than usual but on the whole he felt quite pleased with himself.
1.From the sentence“Like many other single men in their middle age,he was getting rather set in his ways”we learn that ________.
A.middle-aged men are likely to have different ways of living
B.many other single men in the world would rather live like Jonathan
C.Jonathan liked to do things in the same way as other middleaged single men did
D.Jonathan was getting into the habit of doing things in the same way every day.
2.What was the first thing Jonathan noticed when he came back home one summer evening?
A.A curtaining in the front room was not in its place.
B.The windows of the front room were open.
C.There was a sign of the postman's entering his room.
D.A heavy footprint was in one of the flower beds.
3.Did the burglar know Jonathan's coming home?How do you know?
A.Yes,because he hid himself behind the half-opened door.
B.Yes,because he was ready to hit Jonathan on the back.
C.No,because he was still stealing in the room.
D.No,because he kept the door half-open.
4.What did Jonathan do when the burglar attempted to escape from the window?
A.He called the police by shouting at the top his voice.
B.He immediately locked the door and rushed to the police station.
C.He hit the burglar with the point of his umbrella.
D.He had expected that the burglar would hit him.
5.We learn from the passage that Jonathan ________.
A.was strong enough to fight the burglar
B.was quite inexperienced in dealing with burglars
C.had a close friend who was a policeman
D.hated his routine to be disturbed by anything unexpected
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
My Favourite Sport
My favourite sport is football.I was a member of 1.________
our school football team.We practise for three times 2.________
every week and often watch football match on TV 3.________
together.Play football not only makes us grow up 4.________
tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and 5.________
team spirit.We must keep in mind that we play 6.________
for the team instead ourselves.Also,the sport 7.________
teaches us the important of obedience(服從).Each 8.________
player must obey captain,who is the leader of 9.________
the team.And they must not break the rules too 10.________
often if we want to win the game.
Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)
假設(shè)你是李華，你的澳大利亞朋友Dick聽說中國的中小學(xué)正在減輕學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)，來信詢問有關(guān)情況。請你根據(jù)下表提供的信息，寫一封回信，談一談減負(fù)給你的學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的變化。
周末活動（減負(fù)前） 周末活動（減負(fù)后）
白天：上課、做作業(yè) 白天：參觀博物館、學(xué)習(xí)電腦、繪畫等
晚上：做作業(yè) 晚上：看新聞、讀書、看報(bào)
就寢時(shí)間：11：30 就寢時(shí)間：10：00
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 開頭已為你寫好。ど詞：減輕學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)： reduce learning load
Dear Dick,
How nice to hear from you again.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅴ.同步語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（直接引語與間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)）
（Ⅰ）將下列句子由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。每空一詞。
1.The teacher said,“I've taken some good pictures in the mountain.”
The teacher said that ________ ________ taken some good pictures in the mountain.
2.The teacher said,“Water can change into steam.”
The teacher said that water ________ change into steam.
3.Tom asked Mary,“Are you tired?”
Tom asked Mary ________ ________ ________tired.
4.He asked,“What can I do?”
He asked me ________ ________ ________do.
5.“Will you please pass me that book?” he asked.
He asked me ________ ________ ________pass ________that book.
6.The driver said,“I will pick up a passenger at West Street.”
The driver said that ________ ________ pick up a passenger at West Street.
7.He said,“I was born in 1982.”
He said ________ ________ born in 1982.
8.The man asked,“What's the matter with the boy?”
The man asked what ________ ________ ________with the boy.
9.The stranger asked me,“Where do you think I can find the disc?”
The stranger asked me where ________ ________ he ________ find the disc.
10.He said,“Did you see him last night?”
He asked ________ ________ ________ him ________ ________ ________.
（Ⅱ）單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Can you tell me ________ the railway station?
A.how I can get to B.how can I get to
C.where I can get to D.where can I get to
2.They asked ________ to help us.
A.what could they do B.what they could do
C.how they could D.how could they
3.The mother asked ________ the gold ring.
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put
4.The boy asked me ________in a million years.
A.what man would look like B.what would man look like
C.what look would man like D.man would look like what
5.There are many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind ________ to buy.
A.what B.which
C.how D.where
6.I remember ________ this used to be a quiet village.
A.when B.how
C.where D.what
7.-Do you remember ________ he came?
-Yes,I do,he came by car.
A.how B.when
C.that D.if
8.He asked ________ for the violin.
A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much
C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid
9.You can't imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas gifts.
A.how they were excited B.how excited they were
C.how excited were they D.they were how excited
10.It was a matter of ________ would take the position.
A.who B.whoever
C.whom D.whomever
參考答案
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.B 回答主語的特征。
2.D 用倒裝句“也不”。
3.A little為否定副詞,在句首用部分倒裝。
4.D like doing…經(jīng)常喜歡做……。
5.C what he enjoys為主語從句。主句謂語動詞為be。表語為playing football。不要誤以為playing是enjoy的賓語而誤選 A。
6.B 聯(lián)系語境,所有在場的婦女都哭了,因此為disappointing。令人失望的消息。
7.C moving令人感動的;moved受到感動的。
8.A frightening，令人害怕;frightened，感到害怕。
9.B everyday widely adv.。
10.D 表外表。
11.D especially可加從句。
12.C 連詞詞組。
13.C be out火熄滅。
14.C on fire著火。
15.A suggest后用虛擬語氣。be shared前用should省略。
16.B
17.C how is sb.某人身體如何。
18.D share分享;support支持;care在意;spare抽出;空余的。
19.B never用在句首用部分倒裝。
20.D consider…as…認(rèn)為……是……，as可省略。
21.C surprised感到吃驚的表情,因此用surprised他沒料到已經(jīng)發(fā)生,用 hadn't表示過去完成時(shí)。
22.B
23.A a special price特價(jià)
24.C everybody為單數(shù),作句子主語.men and women……為它的同位語; 因此v.用單數(shù),A、B均不能選;B.join后加上in。
25.A 我不在乎。
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
1.D 形成了習(xí)慣每天做什么。
2.D 花圃中有腳印。
3.A 小偷藏在半開的門的后面。
4.C 倒數(shù)第一段信息。
5.D 他不愿讓他的生活被一些意外的事情干擾。
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
1.was→am 2.去掉for 3.match→matches 4.Play→Playing 5.give→gives 6.√ 7.ourselves前加of 8.important→importance9.captain前加the 10.they→we
Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)
Dear Dick,
How nice to hear from you again. You want to know what is going on in schools in China? In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. I don't know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. Now I have more free time. I can follow my own interests such as reading book, visiting museums, and taking computer lessons. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What's more, I can go to bed earlier. As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.Best wishes.
Yours
Li Hua
Ⅴ.同步語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
（Ⅰ）1.he had 2.can 3.if she was 4.what he could 5.if I would;him 6.he would 7.he was 8.was the matter 9.I thought;could 10.if I saw;the night before
（Ⅱ）1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D 9.A 10.A