Unit6 數(shù)詞
一、考點(diǎn)聚焦
1、序號(hào)表示法
（1）單純的序號(hào)，可在基數(shù)詞前加number,簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為No.。如：No.1第一號(hào)
（2）事物名詞的序號(hào)表達(dá)法有什所不同：
①對(duì)于一些小序號(hào)可有序數(shù)詞也可用基數(shù)詞表達(dá)，形式分別為：the +
序數(shù)詞 + 名詞；名詞 + 基數(shù)詞。如：第一次世界大戰(zhàn)可以表示為the First World War或World War One。
②對(duì)于一些大序號(hào)我們通常只用一種表達(dá)法，即名詞 + 數(shù)詞。如：501號(hào)房間表示為Room 501, 538路公共汽車(chē)表示為Bus 538。
③可用a / the + number + 基數(shù)詞 + 名詞。如：a No.5 bus一輛五路公共汽車(chē)，the No.8 bus那輛8路公共汽車(chē)。
2、倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式
一般情況下我們用以下三種倍數(shù)表達(dá)方式：
（1）倍數(shù)用在as + 形容詞 / 副詞（原級(jí)）+ as結(jié)構(gòu)之前。如：
They have three times as many cows as we do.
（2）倍數(shù)放在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)之前或by + 倍數(shù)用在比較級(jí)之后。如：
This rope is four times longer than that one.
They produced more products in 2001 than those in 2000 by twice.
（3）倍數(shù)用在表示度量名詞前，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：倍數(shù) + the + size / length / weight … + of + 表示比較對(duì)象的名詞，也可用于倍數(shù) + what引導(dǎo)的從句中。如：
This room is three times the size of that one.
The college is twice what it was 5 years age.
You can’t imagine that rats eat 40 to 50 times their weight.
3、大約數(shù)的表示方法
（1）用ten、dozen、score、hundred、thousand、million等數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)后加of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬(wàn)等大約數(shù)概念。如：
The little boy buys dozens of pencils every term.
Thousands of people died in the earthquake.
Every year tens of thousands of people go to work in Guangdong Province.
（2）用、less than、under、below、almost、nearly、up to 等來(lái)表示小于或接近某數(shù)目。如：
He is good at English, so he can finish the paper in less than two hours.
（3）用more than、over、above、beyond、or more等來(lái)表示超過(guò)或多于某個(gè)數(shù)目。如：
Peking University has a history of more than 100 years.
（4）用or、or so、about、around、some、more or less等表示在某一數(shù)目左右。如：
About 50 people were present at that time.
（5）用to、from … to…、between … and表示介于兩數(shù)詞。如：
His salary rises from 20 dollars a week to 35 dollars a week.
（6）注意事項(xiàng)：dozen、score、hundred、thousand、million作數(shù)詞表示確切數(shù)量時(shí)，不用復(fù)數(shù)。如：three score, five dozen, seven million等。
4、分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式
（1）分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。如：one-third三分之一，three-sevenths七分之三。
（2）分子與分母之間加in, 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞。如：one in ten 十分之一，five in eight八分之五。
（3）分子與分母之間加out of , 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞。如：one out of ten十分之一，five out of eight八分之五。
5、百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法
（1）表示百分?jǐn)?shù)直接將數(shù)詞放在單詞percent前面即可，如：twenty percent百分之二十。
（2）分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后面不能直接接名詞或代詞，而用以下形式：分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù) ＋of + 冠詞 / 限定詞 + 名詞 / 代詞 ，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與of后的名詞在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致，如：
Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.
About seventy percent of the earth surface is covered by water.
6、小數(shù)的表示法
小數(shù)的表示法，小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的總值發(fā)同其他數(shù)詞一樣，小數(shù)點(diǎn)用point,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的數(shù)讀成個(gè)位數(shù)，如：9.65表示為nine point six five。218.39表示為two hundred and eighteen point three nine。
二、精典名題導(dǎo)解
選擇填空
1. ____________ people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day.(2001年上海春季高考卷)
A.Several million B.Many millions
C.Several millions D.Many million
解析：答案為A。本題考查的是million表示確切數(shù)量的用法。million前需用數(shù)表確切數(shù)量，而不用many這類(lèi)詞，但可說(shuō)many millions of（上百萬(wàn)的），故本題中用Several million。
2. The number of people invited __________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.(NMET 96)
A.were ; was B.was ; was C.was ; were D.were ; were
解析：答案為C。本題考查的是the number of + 名詞與a number of + 名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題。the number of是“……的數(shù)目”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，而a number of 后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故此題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。
3. Shortly after the accident, two ___________ police were sent to the sport to keep order .(NMET 92)
A.dozens of B.dozens C.dozen D.dozen of
解析：答案為C。此題考查的是數(shù)詞dozen表示確切數(shù)量時(shí)的用法，dozen表示確切數(shù)量時(shí)用其單數(shù)形式，當(dāng)dozens的復(fù)數(shù)后接of時(shí)則表示不確切數(shù)量，本題答案為C。
三、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
1. _______of the students in our class are girls.
A.Tow three B.Second three C.Two thirds D.Two third
2. I arrived at the airport_______than Smith.
A.late three hours B.three hours later
C.three hours late D.later three hours
3. -What’s the date today?
-It’s_______.
A.the fourth of July B.the July fourth
C.July the four D.fourth July
4. He and no money on him but a_______bill.
A.five thousand dollars B.five-thousand dollars
C.five-thousand-dollars D.five-thousand-dollar
5. In recent years_______communication satellites have been sent up to circle the earth.
A.the number of B.a number of
C.a good many D.many of
6. The reason for the large_______of smoke is that there are too many factories in the city.
A.number B.deal C.amount D.quantities
7. They have_______sheep and cows to take care of.
A.a good many B.a great deal of
C.a lot D.a good deal
8. The price of that type of computers has risen_______.
A.by 18 percents B.by percent of 18
C.on 18 percent D.by 18 percent
9. As he is busy,he was_______time to enjoy himself.
A.such little B.so little C.a little D.some little
10. -How much does the box weigh?
-It weighs_______.
A.almost 10 pounds B.mostly 10 pounds
C.nearly 10 pounds D.about 10 pound
11. He took part in the war against Japan in_______,when he was in_______.
A.1940’s;his twenties B.1940’s;the twenties
C.the 1940’s;the twenties D.the 1940’s;his twenties
12. The boy carried a basket with_______apples in it.
A.two scores of B.two score
C.three score of D.two scores
13. The hall can hold_______.
A.a hundred peoples B.hundred people
C.hundred of people D.hundreds of people
14. The meeting will last_______.
A.two and a half months B.two and half a month
C.two and the half months D.two and a half month
15. Five_______eggs cost the old woman 12 yuan.
A.dozen of B.dozen C.dozens D.dozens of
16. My new bike cost me_______the lost pair that I bought.
A.times three B.three times more than
C.three times as much as D.as much three times as
17. You’d better go to bed,because it is_______eleven.
A.five minutes to B.five minutes for
C.five minutes from D.five minutes of
18. The little girl was saved by a soldier only of_______.
A.twenty-two years B.twenty-two years old
C.twenty-two-years D.twenty-two
19. Every few_______along the Great Wall there are some watch towers.
A.hundred metres B.hundreds of metres
C.hundred metres D.hundred of metres
20. -Were there more university graduates in English here last year?
-No,on the contrary,there were a_______number of them.
A.few B.smaller C.fewer D.less
參考答案
1-10 CBADBA CADBC 11-20 DCDAB CADCB