一、單元考點提示

1.單詞

smooth, opposite, state, replace, ashamed, remark, delight, burst, envy, crazy, steadily

2.短語

keep off 讓開；不接近 fall to pieces 崩潰；倒塌

take on 呈現 once in a while 偶爾

watch over 查看；監視 in a poor state 境況很差

masses of 大多數；大部分 at war 作戰；打仗

to make things worse 更糟糕的是 change one’s mind 改變主意

burst into tears 突然哭起來 on board 在船上

on the point of 正要……的時候 but for 要不是；若不

make it 約定；趕得上 upon one’s word 保證

3.句型

What can we do to make it look less ugly?

I think we should paint it white.

It looks a bit ugly as it is.

-I’m sorry to have done that. I don’t mean to be so rude.

-It doesn’t matter.

You just don’t consider anyone but yourself.

I was so disappinted not to be going out.

What good fortune that I travelled with you as my captain!

And in the end he did land us safe.

4.語法

重點復習時態和語態。

復習動詞時態（二）。

過去進行時；過去完成時；過去將來時；一般將來時

二、考點精析與拓展

1.watch over

該短語動詞意為“照看”，“保護”，“監視”。如：

Will you watch over my clothes while I go shopping.

Watch out(for sth.)意為“注意”，“監視”，“當心”。如：

The doctor told her to watch out for anything unusual.

2.besides

作為副詞，意思是“還有，而且”（moreover），常放在句首。如：

I don ‘t want to go out for a walk. Besides, I’m feeling tired.

3.take on; take sth. on意為“從事”，“擔任”，“承擔”。如：

①He is taking on a new job.

②You’ve taken on too much.

你承擔的工作太多了。

take sb. on接受挑戰

如：He took Jack on at golf.

take on a new look呈現新面貌

如：Our country has taken on a new look every where.

4.there is no need…

need 在此為不可數名詞，意為“需要”、“必須”，使用時應該注意它使用的句式結構，即我們只能說“There is no need for +n./(for sb.)to do ...”

不能說“It is no need (for sb.)to do sth.”

5.unless與if … not

unless 經常用來代替if…not.如：

He will accept the job if the salary’s not too low/unless the salary is too low.

6.be ahead of

該詞組有兩層意思，一是“優于”，“超過”；二是“比……早”，“在……的前面”。如：

He is well ahead of all the other students in English.

7.as good as

as good as 作為固定詞組意為“幾乎一樣”，“實際上等于”，作為同級比較結構，意為“和……一樣好”。如：

①He is as good at English as me.

②My bike is as good as yours.

8.to one’s delight

該詞組意為“使某人高興”，還可以表達為“to the delight of sb.”。

能這樣表達的還有to one’s joy,to one’s surprise,to one’s sorrow等。如：

To my shame, I completely forgot our date.

9.nowhere can there be…

否定副詞nowhere放在句首，該句應使用倒裝結構。

Nowhere is there a place for him to settle down.

類似的副詞還有hardly scarcely, no sooner,seldom, never, little等。

10.up until…

該結構意為“一直到……為止”，謂動常用完成時態。如：

Up until yesterday two sides had agreed on all the items of this contract.

11.where necessary

這是一省略結構，它的完整表達為：where it was necessary to do so, where,when,if等連詞引起的從句，特別當主謂語是it is/was時，主謂語常可省略，只保留從句中的必要成分。如：

We can discuss it again if necessary.

12.keep one’s word

該動賓詞組意為“守信”，“遵守諾言”。詞組里word不能用復數形式words.同義詞組為“keep a promise”,反義詞組為“break one’s word”。如：

Once you promise someone to do something,you should keep your word.

13.change one’s mind

該動賓詞組意為“改變主意”，其中mind常用單數形式。如：

If one always change one’s mind, he succeeds in nothing.

14.apologize for doing sth.

apologize是不及物動詞，意為“道歉”，其表達式為“apologize to sb.for sth.”。如：

You must apologize to your sister for being so rude.

它的名詞形式是apology, 復數形式是apologizes.

make one’s apologies to sb. for sth.= make an apology to sb. for sth.如：

He make his apologies to me for coming late.

15.mean to do sth.

該結構意為“有意要干某事”。如：

I’m very sorry if I hurt your feelings in fact.I didn’t mean to.

16.keep off

短語動詞。意為“遠離”、“制止”、“使避開”、“不讓接近”。如：

A board stands by the house on which were written “keep off”.

At night they made a fire to keep wild animals off.

17.masses of…

該詞組意為“大量的”，與lots of 相同，后接可數名詞或不可數名詞。如：They saved masses of money by improving technology.

a mass of…意為“一大堆……”，“一大片……”。

18.…as it is

該固定詞組表達意思是“就以（現在）這個樣子，”“根據現在的情況”。如：He decided to buy the house as it is.

19.at war

該介賓詞組意思是“處于戰爭或交戰狀態”。在句中常作表語。如：

The U.S.A.and Iraq are at war again.

20.fall to pieces

該短語意為“垮臺”，“崩潰”，“倒塌”，“解體”。如：

①Most buildings fell to pieces in the earthquake in this city.

②Most organizations fell to pieces after political reform.

21.burst into tears

該動賓短語，理解的重點是不及物動詞burst的意思及其分詞或副詞連用的結構形式和意思。

burst是及物動詞或不及物動詞，意為“（使）爆破”，“脹破”。如：

①He put too much air into the balloon and it burst.

②The funny joke made the children burst their sides with laughing.

burst由原意引伸出表示空發性的動作，意為“突然發生”，“突然發作”。常構成一些短語，如：

burst into tears/laughter(突然大哭/大笑)

burst into song(突然唱起歌來)

burst into angry speech（大發雷庭）

burst into bloom(開花)

burst into view/sight（景象，奇觀的）突然出現

burst into the room(闖入房間)

burst out/forth laughing(捧腹大笑)

burst out/forth crying（突然大哭）

如:On hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.

22.so long as

so long as = as long as 作為詞組有兩層意思，一是“只要”（=on condition that），引導條件狀語從句；二是“在……的時候”（=while）,引導時間狀語從句。如：

You shall never enter this house as /so long as I live in it.

另外，so/as long as 還可構成同級比較句型。as long as 可用于肯定句和否定句中，而so long as 只用于否定句中。如：

①This rope is as long as that one.

②I can’t walk so long distance as you.

23.to be honest

該固定詞組意為“老實說”，是動詞不定式結構，與“to tell the truth”同義，它常用來表達某人的期望。如：

To be honest, I didn’t go there.

24.take charge

該詞組意為“掌管”，“負責”，常與of介詞連用，后接賓語，與“be responsible for”同意。如：

Betty took charge of all the preparations for the exhibition sales.

25.like crazy

這是一個固定詞組，口語用語，意為“瘋狂地”，“拼命地”。如：

In order to finish his work on time, he worked like crazy.

crazy是個形容詞，意為“狂熱的”，“醉心的”，與about連用。如：

Most youths are crazy about famous stars.

26.but for

該短語介詞意為“要不是……”，后接名詞（=without + n.）,but for…短語相當于一個虛擬條件句，因此，句中謂語動詞用虛擬語氣。如：

The boy would have drowned but for your help.

如果接的是句子，but for要換用成but that… 如：

He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.(= if it had not been the fact that he was…)

27.on the point of…

該短語常在句中作表語，意為“正要（去做某事）”，意思相當于be about to do sth.。如：

We were on the point of calling him up when he came.

對于point名詞應掌握它的用法如下：

①if/when it comes to the point如果/當時機到來（時）如：

When it comes to the point,he refused to help.

②from sb.’s point of view從某人的角度來看 如：

Try to look at school from the child’s point of view.

三、精典名題導解

題1 （上海 2001）

A computer can only do __________ you have instructed it to do.

A.how B.after C.what D.when

分析：C。該題考查引導賓語從句的連接詞的用法。how 和when可作連接副詞引導賓語從句，并在從句中作狀語。what為連接代詞，意思是“……的”，既引導賓語從句，又在該句中作及物動詞do的賓語。

題2 （NMET 1999）

-Hey, look where you are going!

-Oh, I’m terribly sorry. ___________.

A.I’m not noticing B.I wasn’t noticing

C.I haven’t noticed D.I don’t notice

分析：B。這是一道難題。用過去進行時表示說話前不久的短暫的行為，即

“剛才沒注意到”。這種用法很少用疑問句中。

題3 （NMET 1998）

-Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

-I’m tired. I__________ the living room all day.

A.painted B.had painted

C.have been painting D.have painted

分析：C。從題干中I am tired和all day 這一時間狀語，不難看出該空的時態應用現在完成進行時，表明“我一整天在油漆起居室”。

題4 （NMET 2000春）

-You’re drinking too much.

-Only at home. No one___________ me but you.

A.it seeing B.had seen C.sees D.saw

分析：C。這是一道考查一般現在時的用法的題。這一時刻往往是很短暫的，本題中指對話時的動作。

題5 （MET 1992）

-Do you know our town at all?

-No. This is the first time I ________ here.

A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming

分析：B。此題考的是“That/This/It is the first/second…time + that從句”這一固定句式，that從句里面用現在完成時，若將is 改成was則從句用過去完成時。

題6 （NMET 1998）

Shirley __________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.

A.has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing

分析：D。根據時間狀語last year和后達的“是否完成”判斷，應用過去進行時。

題7 （NMET 1997）

I first met Lisa three years ago. She _________ at a radio at that time.

A.has worked B.was working

C.had been working D.had worked

分析：B。由時間狀語three years ago 和at that time判斷，此題應用過去進行時。

題8 （NMET 1995）

-Your phone number again? I _________quite catch it.

-It’s 9563442

A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t

分析：A。根據again一詞來推斷，對方已說了一遍電話號碼，所以是“剛才”沒聽清，應用過去時，而couldn’t 表示“不能夠”，不合題意。

題9 （NMET 1992）

-We could have walked to the station, it was so near.

-Yes.A taxi________ at all necessary.

A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t D.won’t

分析：A。could have walked 意為“本可以步行去”。由此推斷并沒有步行去，再看下句可知，不是“步行”而是坐出租車去的車站，動作已發生，故用過去時。

題10 （上海 2001）

_____________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered

分析：A。該題考查非謂語動詞的用法。動詞不定式表示將來發生的動作；現在分詞的一般式說明分詞的動作或狀態和句子謂語的動作或狀態同時發生或進行；現在分詞的完成式表示分詞的動作或狀態在謂語動詞的動作或狀態之前發生，試題中現在分詞完成式就是這種用法，故最佳答案是A。