一、單元考點(diǎn)提示
1.單詞
lose the path for ever get away wherever succeed in had best(do) set…on fire blow out as long as clear up at one’s own expense on(the)one hand…on the other(hand) end up(in) (be)suited to/for (be)worth doing open up personally be used to(doing) rely on further prevent from remind although
however
2.句型
I guess/believe… It seems(that)…
It looks as if… It certainly is.
She/He/They must have done…
Will you be free All right. See you then.
On Monday/tomorrow? Yes, I’ll be free then.
How about tomorrow morning/afternoon?
Yes, that’s all right. No, I won’t be free
Shall we meet at 4:30…at? Then, but I’ll be free at…
3.語法
復(fù)習(xí)句子的成分--狀語
復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句
二、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展
1.fine adj./adv./n./v.
(1)adj.美好的，天氣晴朗的，（身體）好的，細(xì)的
It’s fine today.今天天氣很晴朗。
What a fine view it is!多么美麗的風(fēng)景！
-How are you？
-你好嗎？
-Fine, thank you.
-很好，謝謝！（不可用于否定句及疑問句）
First there was a fine rain but then it rained heavily.
開始是毛毛細(xì)雨，接著就下大了
(2)adv.很好
Everything went fine.一切順利
(3)[c]罰金a traffic violation fine違反交通規(guī)則罰款
(4)v.處罰金
If you make such a mistake again, you’ll get fined.
如果你再犯這樣的錯誤，你就會挨罰。
短語：fine and 非常，極（強(qiáng)調(diào)后面所接的形容詞）
one fine day/morning有朝一日
2.find
(1)vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺
She found a wallet lying on the ground.
她發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有個錢包。
We found her still asleep.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她還在睡覺。
He found her left behind.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)她被落在后面。
(2)n.發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)物（尤指貴重或悅?cè)说模?/p>
I made a great find in a second-hand bookshop yesterday.
昨天在舊書店里我有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。
對比：find多指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)，碰見；后可接名詞、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或從句。find out指通過觀察、探索而發(fā)現(xiàn)事實的真相、真情，通過調(diào)查找出原因，或發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密、錯誤等；一般接名詞、代詞或從句。discover指發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀事物的存在，發(fā)現(xiàn)已存在而不為人知的事情；多用于好的事物。
Have you found the book you have been looking for?
你一直找的書找到了嗎？
Have you found out why he was late?
你弄清他為什么遲到嗎？
Columbus discovered America.
哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。
3.age
(1)n.年齡，時代，時期
The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old.
那位老人80歲時去世了。
He is young for his age.
就他的年齡而論，他是年輕的。
What is the age of the church?
這座教堂多少年了？
He was the greatest poet of the age.
他是那個時代最偉大的詩人。
(2)vi./vt. 變老
He is aging fast. Worry ages a man.
他老得很快。憂慮令人老！
I found him greatly aged.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)他老多了。
拓展：（1）adj. aged……歲的，年老的
a boy aged ten 一個10歲的男孩
an aged man老人
(2)人生的七期
baby→infant→child→youth→manhood→middle age→old age
嬰兒/0→幼兒7→兒童12→青年28→壯年40→中年65→老年
4.come down下來，流傳下來，倒塌，沒落，病倒，減價
The song comes down to us from the 10th century.（流傳下來）
這首歌是從10世紀(jì)流傳到我們這一代的。
The roof of the house came down during the night.
我聽說計算機(jī)要降價。
5.clear up（天氣）放晴，使明了，收拾整理，解決，了結(jié)
The sky cleared up just after the rain.
雨過天晴。
Don’t expect me to clear up after you.
別期望我在你后面收拾東西。（收拾不要的東西）
The police haven’t cleared up the murder case.
警察還沒查清那件謀殺案。
His face cleared up as she heard the news.(引申義)
聽到這個消息她臉上露出喜悅之情。
對比：clean up打掃干凈，整理，獲利，賺錢
The students cleaned up the classroom after class.（打掃干凈）
下課后學(xué)生們打掃教室。
6.as long as/so long as只要
(1)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句
You may borrow the book as / so long as you keep it clean.
只要你不把書弄臟，你就可以借。
As long as you study hard, you’ll make great progress.
只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會取得很大進(jìn)步。
(2)和……一樣長
This rope is as long as that one.這條繩子和那條一樣長。
This bridge isn’t so/as long as that one.這座橋和那座不一樣長。
(3)長達(dá)……（表時間）
The old couple have been living in the small town as long as 50 years.
這對老夫婦已在這個小城鎮(zhèn)里住了長達(dá)50年。
7.tear out撕下，撕掉
He tore some of the papers out of the book.他從書中撕下了幾頁。
對比：tear up撕碎，撕毀，連根拔起
She tore up the letter.
她把信撕碎了。
The trees were torn up by the hurricane.
樹木被颶風(fēng)連根拔起。
另：tear down拆除（建筑物等） tear sth. in two/half 把……撕成兩半
8. get sb. / sth. doing使某人/某物開始活躍或使某物開始工作
Let me try now, I will get the car going
現(xiàn)在讓我試試，我會把汽車發(fā)動起來。
拓展：get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth.讓/使某人做某事
get sth. done = have sth. done請人做某事
I’ll get him to do the job.我會讓他做這項工作。
When did you get your hair cut?
你什么時候理的發(fā)？
9.date back to / date from
追溯到（某個時期），起始于（某個時期），從……時候就存在
The tower dates back to 1173.
這座塔起始于1173年。
The old church dates from the first century A.d.
這座古老的教堂起始于公元1世紀(jì)。
My interest in stamp collecting dates from my schooldays.
從學(xué)生時代起，我對集郵就開始感興趣。
10.find one’s way（to sp.）找到；設(shè)法找到去……的路
Can you find your way to the post office?
你能找到去郵局的路嗎？
Rivers find their way to the sea.
條條江河通大海。
拓展：make one’s way非常困難地前進(jìn)
feel one’s way 摸索著前進(jìn)
force / fight one’s way突破……而前進(jìn)
push one’s way排開……而前進(jìn)
11.congratulate v.
祝賀，慶賀
常用短語：congratulate sb. on / upon sth. / doing sth.為某事向某人祝賀
congratulate oneself that…因……而自己慶幸
congratulations常用于祝賀語，后可接on，也可單獨(dú)用。
I’d like to congratulate you on your success.
對你的成功我表示祝賀。
I’d like to offer my congratulations on your success.
對你的成功我表示祝賀。
You really should congratulate yourself on your appearance.
(= You really should congratulate that you are so handsome.)
你真該為自己的外表而慶幸。
對比：celebrate sth.慶賀某事
We’ll celebrate the New Year with a dance party.
我們將舉行跳舞晚會以慶賀新年。
拓展：in celebration of… 慶祝……
hold a celebration舉行慶祝（會）
12.admire（= respect / praise）vt.羨慕，欽佩，夸獎
admire sb.（for sth.）佩服某人某事
Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum.
去北京的游人極其羨慕我們的故宮。
I admire him for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧。
別忘了夸獎孩子。
對比：envy（= jealous）vt.嫉妨，羨慕
envy sb.（sth.）嫉妒/羨慕某人某事
We all envy you your good future.
我們都很羨慕你的好運(yùn)。
13.personally
(1)就我個人來說(= in my personal opinion)，用于表示個人的意見，通常于句首。
Personally, I don’t see much difference between the two.
就我個人來講，這兩者沒多大差別。
(2)親自
The manager went personally to the hospital to see the worker who was seriously ill.
經(jīng)理親自去醫(yī)院看望患重病的工人。
拓展：person/ c. /人personal adj.個人的
personality / c. u. / 個性，品格；人物
14.end up 結(jié)果，結(jié)束
He started as an employee and ended up as head of the firm.
他以職員開始而最后成為公司的主管。
The party ended up with a song.
晚會以一首歌曲結(jié)束。
If you continue to drive so carelessly, you’ll end up in hospital.
如果你繼續(xù)這樣不小心開車，你會進(jìn)醫(yī)院的。
對比：end指完結(jié)或終止，為意義最單純的用語；
close指把已開始的事物像關(guān)閉似的加以結(jié)束；
finish尤指最后的修飾工作，或把已經(jīng)做的加以完成；
complete指把不完美的各點(diǎn)或有缺陷的部分加以補(bǔ)充完成。
Let’s end the discussion.
The meeting was closed by the chairman’s speech.
Try to finish your homework before 9 o’clock.
Have you completed your new programme?
15.open up
(1)開門，展開，打開
open up = open the door開門
open up the parcel打開包裹
(2)（景色等的）展現(xiàn)
A beautiful view opened up before us.
一幅美景展現(xiàn)在我們面前。
(3)開發(fā)，開辟，創(chuàng)建
open up a new situation / a bright future / more waste land
開創(chuàng)一個新局面/美好的前程/開辟更多荒地
(4)吐露真情
She never opened up to me on the subject.
關(guān)于那個問題，她從未對我開誠布公。
16.rely on / upon相信，信賴
He relied on his parents’ advice.
他相信父母的勸告。
I rely on you to tell me all about it.
我要靠你把這件事的來龍去脈告訴我。
Such people are not to be relied on.
這樣的人是靠不住的。
對比：rely on / upon指由過去的經(jīng)驗，使人相信對方必定能完成所交代的事情；depend on指依賴別人的支持或援助；trust(in)指深信絕對不會發(fā)生被出賣或令人失望的事情。
I rely on his ability.我相信她的能力。
She depends on her friends to make a decision.
她依靠朋友幫她做決定。
He is a man to be trusted.
他是一個可以信賴的人。
It depends on whether you want to do it or not.這得看你是否想做。
17.be worth doing = be(well)worthy of being done / to be done(很)值得做
The city is worth visiting.這個城市值得參觀。
(= The city is worthy of being visited. = The city is worthy to be visited.)
18.as we say正如我們所說
關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，表示“正如”，代埒后面整個句子。
而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，沒有“正如”的含義，也不能置于主句前面。
As we know, the earth is round.
我們知道，地球是圓的。
Leaves are turning yellow, which means autumn is coming.
樹葉正在變黃，這意味著秋天就要來了。
19.as is the case with = as with ……就和……的情況一樣
As is the case with his mother, he is fond of music.
跟母親一樣，他喜歡音樂。
As with human, animals also love their babies.
同人一樣，動物也愛它們的幼仔。
三、精典名題導(dǎo)解
題1 （2003 上海春）
Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
分析：A。此句考查非謂語動詞在省略句中的用法，完整的表達(dá)方式為unless you are invited,…
題2 （NMET 2002上海）
Though money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
分析：C。本題同樣考查非謂語動詞在省略句中的作用，但此題主語與非謂語動詞是一種主動關(guān)系，故先排除A、D；lack為及物動詞，不需用of。
題3 （NMET 2003 北京，31）
I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While
分析：C。as long as 表示“只要”。句意為：只要我知道錢是安全的，我就不會擔(dān)心。even though即使;unless如果不；while當(dāng)……的時候。
題4 （NMET 2003 上海，33）
-How far apart do they live?
- I know, they live in the same neighborhood.
A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as
分析：B。as far as 表示程度，范圍，意思是“就……，盡……，至于……”，as far as I know 就我所知；as long as 表示時間長度或表示“只要”；as well as 和……一樣好；as often as和……一樣經(jīng)常。
題5 （2002上海春）
The famous scientist grew up he was born and in 1980 he came to Shanghai.
A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever
分析：C。 where引導(dǎo)的是地點(diǎn)狀語從句。
題6 （NMET 2003 北京 30）
He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation it got worse.
A. until B. when C. before D. as
分析：C。before在……這前，句意為：在形式變得糟糕之前糾正了錯誤。
題7 （NMET 2003 上海，35）
A good storyteller must be able to hold his listener’s curiosity he reaches the end of the story.
A. when B. unless C. after D. until
分析：D。until用于肯定句時，表示“直到……為止”。全句意為：一個好的講故事的人只能夠使聽眾的好奇心保持到故事的結(jié)尾，才能使他們對故事感興趣。
題8 （2001 上海，37）
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation（境遇） he is likely to lose control over the plan.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
分析：A。首先理解句意“他使自己陷入一種危險的境地之中，他很可能對飛機(jī)失去控制”。在此where引導(dǎo)狀語從句。
題9 John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes .
A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening
分析：A。該題考查考生對形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的掌握情況。當(dāng)open作賓補(bǔ)時，一般用它的形容詞，不用它的現(xiàn)在分詞。如：with the windows open/closed
題10 You will succeed in the end you give up halfway.
A. even if B. even though C. as long as D. unless
分析：D。這是一個條件狀語從句，unless意為“如果不”，全句意思是“如果你不中途放棄，你最終會成功”。