內(nèi)容
一、教法建議
【 拋磚引玉 】
單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
Ⅰ. 語(yǔ)音學(xué)習(xí)
1 . 字母組合 pl 發(fā)［ pl ］，bl 發(fā)［ bl ］，cl 發(fā)［ kl ］，fl 發(fā)［ fl ］，thr 發(fā)［?r］，br 發(fā)［ br ］，gr 發(fā)［ gr ］，fr 發(fā)［ fr ］。
2 . 句子的重音和語(yǔ)調(diào)。
Ⅱ. 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)
shopping , buy , sell , how much , dear , cheap , go shopping , fish , half , a lot of , exercise , all day , forget , before , for , kilo。
Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)
1 . 可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞。
2 . how many 與 how much。
Ⅳ. 交際英語(yǔ)
1 . How much is that pen ? Three yuan .
2 . How much is the rice ? Forty fen a kilo .
3 . That's cheap / dear .
4 . Can I help you ?
【 指點(diǎn)迷津 】
單元重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥
1 . shopping 購(gòu)物，買東西
She often goes out to do a lot of shopping on Sundays .
You can do some shopping in the evening . 你可以在晚上去買點(diǎn)東西。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗shopping 為不可數(shù)名詞，如在前面加定冠詞 the , my , her…，則可指“購(gòu)買的東西”。如：Can you take my shopping home ? ( 你能把我所買的東西帶回家嗎 ? ) 。do / go shopping 去購(gòu)物。
2 . buy 買
What are you going to buy in that shop ?
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗有 buy sb . sth . 結(jié)構(gòu)，也可寫成 buy sth . to sb . 如：
I will buy you some new clothes . ( 我要給你買些新衣服。 ) 或 I will buy some new clothes for you .
另外，buy 的過(guò)去式為 bought。
3 . sell 賣
The shop sells trousers , shirts and coats .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗有 sell sb . sth ( 把某物賣給某人 ) 結(jié)構(gòu)，還可用 sell sth . to sb . 如：
They want to sell me the house . ( 他們想把房子賣給我 ) 或 They want to sell the house to me .
sell的過(guò)去式為 sold。
4 . dear 貴的
At this time of year , orange are dear .
I think the blouse is too dear .
That's a very dear shop .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗不能用 price 作主語(yǔ)。如不能說(shuō)：
The price of the apples is dear . 應(yīng)改為 The apples are dear . 或者 The price of the apple is high .
以后還會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)到同義詞是expensive 。
5 . cheap 便宜的
Eggs are cheap now . 現(xiàn)在雞蛋便宜了。
It's a very cheap store . 那是一家索價(jià)甚廉的商店。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗sth be cheap。
6 . for 為
I must go and find a room for the meeting .
I want to buy some food for supper .
7 . fish 魚
Can you catch those fish ? 你能抓住那些魚嗎 ?
There are lots of fish in the lake . 湖里有很多魚。
Do you like fish ? 你喜歡吃魚嗎 ?
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗fish 作為“魚”解，復(fù)數(shù)形式多寫成 fish，“五條魚”便寫 five fish。在強(qiáng)調(diào)“多種魚”時(shí)，用 fishes。fish 作為“魚肉”解，是個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞。如：Will you have a little more fish ? ( 再吃一點(diǎn)魚好嗎 ? )
8 . kilo 千克，公斤
I would like to have a kilo of fish . 我想買一公斤魚。
Could you give me two kilos of cakes ? 請(qǐng)給我兩公斤蛋糕好嗎 ?
9 . half 半，一半
Half of six is three . 六的一半是三。
Half of the students are not here . 有一半的學(xué)生不在這里。
Fish is two yuan and a half a kilo . 魚肉每公斤兩元五。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗half 的復(fù)數(shù)為 halves。
10 . exercise 練習(xí)
Please do the exercises on page twenty . 請(qǐng)做20面的練習(xí)。
The exercises are not hard . 這些練習(xí)不難。
Let's do some exercises on English verbs .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗exercises 還可以作“運(yùn)動(dòng)”講是不可數(shù)名詞。
It is good to take more exercise in the morning . 早晨多鍛煉好處多。
11 . forget 忘記
Don't forget to bring your exercise books .
I forget how to spell your name .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗forget to do 忘記去干…… ( 含動(dòng)作未發(fā)生 ) 。注意把某物忘在一個(gè)具體地點(diǎn)時(shí)不用 forget，用 leave sth + 地點(diǎn)。如：
I left my bag in the bus .
12 . before 在……以前
Can you get to school before eight ?
Please come before Saturday
You must go there before noon .
單元詞組思維運(yùn)用
1 . near the school 在學(xué)校附近
You can buy your ruler in the shop near our school .
Near the school there is a bookshop .
2 . how much 多少；多少錢
How much rice do you want ?
How much are eggs today ?
How much is that skirt ?
how much 可作定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的不可數(shù)名詞，如“多少水”譯成“how much water”；how much 還可用于詢問(wèn)價(jià)格，這時(shí)它的意思為“多少錢”，人們通常不說(shuō) how much money , 只說(shuō) how much。還請(qǐng)注意，詢問(wèn)“多少”還有 how many，其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
3 . go shopping 去買東西
I often go shopping with her .
go + v - ing 表示“去干某事；從事某種活動(dòng)”，如 go boating ( 去劃船 ) ，go fishing ( 去釣魚 ) , go swimming ( 去游泳 ) , go walking ( 去散步 ) 等。
4 . come with sb . 跟某人一起去
I want to go shopping . Can you come with me ?
5 . help sb . do sht . 幫某人做某事
Could you help me look after the child ? 您能幫我照看這孩子嗎 ?
也可用 help sb . to do sth 的結(jié)構(gòu)。help sb with + 名詞。
6 . shopping basket 購(gòu)物籃子
We often take shopping baskets with us to do shopping . 我們常常帶上購(gòu)物籃子去買東西。
7 . exercise book 練習(xí)本
8 . school things 學(xué)習(xí)用品
Exercise books , pencils , rulers are school things . 練習(xí)本、鉛筆、尺子是學(xué)習(xí)用品。
The shop sells school things . 這商店賣學(xué)習(xí)用品。
I have a lot of school things . 我有很多學(xué)習(xí)用品。
9 . some of… ……中的一些
Some of us are Young Pioneers .
Some of the rice is white , some of the rice is black .
You can drink some of the water . 你可以喝一些水。
此短語(yǔ)的 of 后面既可接可數(shù)名詞，也要接不可數(shù)名詞，如接代詞，該用賓格，of 引出部分與全體的關(guān)系。
10 . all day 整天
How can you play basketball all day ?你怎么能整天打籃球呢 ?
此外還有 all night ( 整夜 ) 、all yesterday ( 昨天整天 ) 、all afternoon ( 整個(gè)下午 ) ，all that day ( 那天一整天 ) 等短語(yǔ)。
11 . on one's way home 在某某人回家的路上
You can do some shopping on your way home .
They are on their way home . 他們正走在回家的路上。
在此短語(yǔ)中，home 為副詞，如換成名詞，就得用 on one's way to…或 on the way to…結(jié)構(gòu)。如：on my way to his home 或on the way to his home ( 在到他家的路上 ) 。
12 . early in the morning 一清早
The old man goes out for a walk early in the morning .
13 . half a kilo 半公斤，一斤
還有 half an hour ( 半小時(shí) ) , half the apples ( 這些蘋果中的一半 ) 等結(jié)構(gòu)，在這里，half 意為“半”、“一半的”。至于一公斤半，可說(shuō) one kilo and a half 或 one and a half kilos。
二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航
【 學(xué)法指要 】
單元句型思路明晰
1. 購(gòu)物常用語(yǔ)套語(yǔ)
What things does the shop sell ? 這商店賣什么東西 ?
What things does the shop near your school sell ? 你們學(xué)校附近的那家商店賣什么東西 ?
How much is + 可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞 / 不可數(shù)名詞 ? ……需要多少錢 ?
How much is the meat ? 肉的價(jià)格是多少 ?
How much a kilo is it ? 這多少錢一公斤 ?
How much are + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ? ……的價(jià)錢是多少 ?
How much are all these school things ?
How much a kito are these ? 這些東西多少錢一公斤 ?
問(wèn)什么東西要多少錢一公斤，還可說(shuō) How much are they a kilo ? ( 復(fù)數(shù) ) 或 How much is it a kilo ? ( 單數(shù)或不可數(shù) ) 。此外，還有 How do you sell it ? ( 這個(gè)怎么賣 ? ) 等句型。
I want would like …，please . 勞駕，我要買……
I would like half a kilo of apples , please .
I would like two kilos of eggs , please . 請(qǐng)給我稱兩公斤雞蛋。
Do you have any…h(huán)ere ? 你這兒有……嗎 ?
Do you have any socks here ?
Do you have any mile here ?
Could I have… ? 給我來(lái)……行嗎 ?
Could I have half a kilo ?
Could I have one and a half kilos of oranges ?
How much / many do you want ?
-Do you have any tea here ?
-How much do you want ?
-Do you have any pencils here ?
-Yes . How many do you want ?
售貨員問(wèn)顧客要購(gòu)買多少東西時(shí)，得根據(jù)所購(gòu)的東西為可數(shù)或不可數(shù)而選用 How many 或 How much。
2. 意義特別的疑問(wèn)句
Don't we have any food for supper ? 難道我們晚餐連一點(diǎn)食物也沒(méi)有嗎 ?
Aren't you Young Pioneers ?
Can't you say it in English ?
Doesn't he get up early every day ?
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗這里列舉的都是否定結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句。請(qǐng)注意回答時(shí)千萬(wàn)不要照漢語(yǔ)的思考習(xí)慣去回答。照漢語(yǔ)回答①，就會(huì)是“是的，我不是。”“不，我是�！比缯沾酥形淖g成英語(yǔ)，肯定自相矛盾，令人不知所云。其實(shí)，大可不必管中文意思，只要你是少先隊(duì)員，回答便是：“Yes , I can . ”否定則為“No , I'm not . ”對(duì)②的回答為“Yes , I can . ”或“No , I can't . ”作答時(shí)，只要后面是肯定的，前面一定得用“Yes”后面是否定的，前面一定得用“No”。
3. Is that all ? 就這些嗎 ? 完了嗎 ?
That's all。完了；就這些。
That's all for today . 今天就 ( 說(shuō) ) 到這里吧。
4. Let me see . 讓我想想。
I can't come today . Let me see . How about Saturday ? 我今天來(lái)不了。讓我想想，星期六怎么樣 ?
區(qū)別：Let me look at it . 讓我瞧瞧。
單元難點(diǎn)疑點(diǎn)釋疑
1 . I want to buy some food for supper this evening . 我想買一些今天晚飯吃的東西。
句中 food 是不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此不能與 a / an 或數(shù)詞連用，也不能用 one 來(lái)替代。在不可數(shù)名詞前可用 the , some , much , a lot of , a little , no 等。例如：
How much is the meat ? 這肉多少錢 ( 1公斤 ) ?
There is a little milk in the bottle . 瓶里還有一點(diǎn)牛奶。
Some people drink a lot of water every day . 有些人每天喝大量的水。
不可數(shù)名詞前可用“數(shù)詞 + 可數(shù)名詞 + of”來(lái)表示計(jì)量。例如：
I want three bottles of orange . 我要3瓶桔濟(jì)汁。
I'd like ten kilos of rice . 我想買10公斤大米。
2 . You can help me carry the things . 你可以幫我搬東西。
help 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面可跟某人，意為“幫助某人”。如要表示“幫助某人做某事”，可以說(shuō) help somebody ( to ) do something，do 前的 to 可有，也可省去。例如：
3 .- How many ( pears ) do you want ? 您要多少 ( 個(gè) ) ( 梨子 ) ?
-Two , please . ( 請(qǐng)給我 ) 兩個(gè)。
-How much ( fish ) do you want ? 你想要多少斤 ( 魚 ) ?
-Two kilos , please . ( 請(qǐng)給我 ) 兩公斤。
注意兩個(gè)問(wèn)句所用疑問(wèn)詞組及回答的不同。
用 how many 提問(wèn)，表示所問(wèn)的東西是可數(shù)名詞，可直接用數(shù)詞回答。
用 how much 提問(wèn)，表示所問(wèn)的東西是不可數(shù)名詞，要用數(shù)詞 + 可數(shù)名詞回答。例如：
How many bananas do you want ? 你想要多少香蕉 ?
Five , please . / A kilo , please . 五根。 / 一公斤。 ( 完整回答是：I want five bananas / a kilo of bananas , please . )
How much rice do you want ? 你想要多少大米 ?
Ten kilos , please . 10公斤。 ( 完整回答是：I want ten kilos of rice , please . )
4 . Can I help you ? 您想買什么 ? / 我能幫您什么忙嗎 ?
這是售貨員在接待顧客時(shí)常說(shuō)的話。還可說(shuō)：What can I do for you ? 我能為您做些什么嗎 ? / 您想買什么 ?
顧客回答時(shí)，常說(shuō)：Thank you . I want / would like…或 Yes , please . I want / would like…
5 . This one is 3 yuan - that's dear ! 這個(gè)三元錢 一- 很貴
( 1 ) yuan 是中國(guó)人民幣單位“元”的譯音。注意沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。
( 2 ) dear “昂貴的”“貴的”它的反義詞是 cheap “便宜的”，“索價(jià)低了”。例如：
The pencil-box is five yuan . It's too dear . I want a cheap one . 這個(gè)筆盒要五元錢，太貴了。我想要個(gè)便宜的。
6 . I want to go shopping . 我想去購(gòu)貨。
go shopping “去購(gòu)貨”
go + 動(dòng)詞 - ing 形式的短語(yǔ)屬于習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。例如：go fishing去釣魚，go boating去劃船，go swimming 去游泳
7 . Would you get it , please ? 你去拿來(lái)好嗎 ?
這句話還可說(shuō)：“Do you get it , please ? ”或“Can you get it , please ? ”但不如“Would you get it , please ? ”客氣，語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)。
8 . I want to buy some food for supper his evening . 我要為今晚的晚餐買些好食物。
( 1 ) want . v . “想要” ( = would like ) 例如：
I want an eraser . 我要塊橡皮擦。
I want to go our for a walk . 我想去散步。
I want you to play with me . 我想要你和我一塊玩。
( 2 ) for 是介詞，意思是，“為”例如：
Can you mend it for me ? 你能幫我修修嗎 ?
Let me carry the books for you . 讓我?guī)湍惆徇@些書。
( 4 ) 在英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)時(shí)間時(shí)用 this , that 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，一般不必再加介詞。例如：
this evening 今晚，this morning今天上午，this afternoon今天下午，this week本周，this year今年
9 . There's only bread and water . 只有面包和水。
( 1 ) 此句中的主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞 bread and water，故用 there is , 而不是there are . 一般情況，是用 there is 還是用 there are , 由第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定，即：看第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，或是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：
There is some milk in the glass . 杯里有些牛奶。
There are two books on the table . 桌上有兩本書。
There is a pen and two books on the table . 桌上有一支鋼筆和兩本書。
( 2 ) 本冊(cè)書學(xué)到的不可數(shù)名詞有：
rice , bread , fish , meat , water , tea , milk , orange ( 桔汁 ) , food
( 3 ) 不可數(shù)名詞一般只用單數(shù)形式，要表示其數(shù)量時(shí)，需量詞幫忙。例如：
a cup of tea 一杯茶，two glasses of water 兩玻璃杯水，five bags of rice 五袋米，eight bottles of orange 八瓶桔汁
10 . Can I help you ?
( 1 ) 這是服務(wù)員主動(dòng)向顧客詢問(wèn)的用語(yǔ)。在不同的場(chǎng)合有不同的譯法。例如：
在商店是：Can I help you ? 你要買什么 ?
在飯館：Can I help you ? 你要吃點(diǎn)什么 ?
在旅社：Can I help you ? 你要住宿嗎 ?
( 2 ) Can I help you ? 的答語(yǔ)有：Thank you , I want… , please 或 Yes , please . I would like…等等。例如：
A : Can I help you ? 你要買什么 ?
B : Yes , please . I'd like some tea . 是的，我想要買點(diǎn)茶葉。
11 . You can often buy things from their shop on your way home . 你�？稍诨丶彝局械竭@家商店買東西。
from從……
You can see the river from this window . 從這個(gè)窗口你可以看到那條河。
He is from Shanghai . 他從上海來(lái)的。 ( 他是上海人。 )
( 2 ) on the / one's way to…在某人去……的途中，例如：
On my way to the shop , I see many people . 在我去商店的路上，我見(jiàn)到許多人。
On the way to my school , I can see many buses . 在上學(xué)的路上，我可看到許多汽車。
On the way to the factory , there is a big park . 在去工廠的路上，有一個(gè)大公園。
( 3 ) on one's way home 在 ( 某人 ) 回家途中
Home 在這里是副詞，所以，它的前面不用介詞“to”。例如：
On her way home , Mum often buys something . 媽媽常在回家的路上買東西。
13 . But don't forgot your things early in the morning . 你在清晨可別忘了帶你的東西。
( 1 ) forget . v . “忘記”
Don't forget to wash your hands before meals . 飯前別忘了洗手。
Please don't forget to back my book .
12. how many 與 how much 的區(qū)別
在特殊疑問(wèn)句中，how many 后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，回答時(shí)用基數(shù)詞。how much 后接不可數(shù)名詞。在問(wèn)價(jià)錢時(shí)也用 how much。要根據(jù)問(wèn)的具體意思來(lái)回答。例如：
( 1 ) - How many boys are there in your classroom ?
- There are twenty - two boys .
( 2 ) - How many children does Mr Wang have ?
- Oh , he has only one .
( 3 ) - How much tea do you want ?
- Half a kilo , please .
( 4 ) - How much is the bread ?
- It's one yuan fifty fen .
【 妙文賞析 】
（1）
Voltaire ( 伏爾泰 ) ，the great French writer , wrote a small book and sent it to his publisher . Time passed , but Voltaire received no news about it . So at last he sent his publisher a letter . In it there was only the sign“ ? ” .
All the copies of the book had already been sold . It was quite clear to the publisher what the sign “ ? ” meant in Voltaire's letter . So he sent an answer . It was as short as Voltaire's letter . The answer was also only one sign “ ! ” .
賞析：世界上最短的書信是什么，該算是“ ? ”和“ ! ”。你知道這兩個(gè)符號(hào)是什么
意思嗎 ?
（2） Weight or Money ?
An overweight jogger ( 慢跑者 ) was running in the park . “How many pounds have you lost ? ”asked a passer - by . “About 300 , ”gasped ( 喘著氣說(shuō) ) the runner . “I'm chasing ( 追趕 ) the man who just stole my wallet . ”
賞析：在這篇文章之中 pound 一詞有兩個(gè)意思。the passer - by 問(wèn)的是重量，而 the jogger 回答的是錢“英鎊”。
（3）
Mrs White has two children . Tommy is seven , and Anine is four . Tommy goes to school , but Annie doesn't . When Tommy is at home , he often plays with Annie . Usually he's very nice to his little sister .
One day the two children are playing at home .
Suddenly Annie begins to cry ( 哭 ) . Their mother runs over and asks，“Why are you crying ? ”
“Tommy breaks ( 弄壞 ) my doll , ”says Annine .
“How does he break it ? ”
“I hit ( 打 ) him on the head with it , ”says Annie .
賞析：誰(shuí)把 Annie 的布娃弄壞了 ? 你不覺(jué)的可笑的 ? 是 Tommy 還是 Annie 自己呢 ?
（4）
Mr Smith had a nice , brown coat . He loved it very much , but his wife did not like it , because it was old . She said , “Give it to a poor man . ”But Mr Smith always said , “No , I like this coat . ”Then a cigarette ( 香煙 ) fell on it and made a hole in it , so Mrs Smith said , “Please don't wear it again . ”Mr Smith took it to a small tailor's shop and said to the tailor ( 裁縫 ) “Please make another coat like this one . ”The tailor made the coat very carefully , Then he lit a cigarette , and made a hole in it in the same place .
賞析：這位裁縫做了一件大衣，上面燒一個(gè)洞，為什么 ?
是因?yàn)檫@樣做，裁縫認(rèn)為才和原來(lái)的那件一樣符合顧客的要求。是嗎 ?
【 思維體操 】
1 . ____ shop sells school things ?
A . What B . Where C . Which D . Who
2 . How ____ is the yellow bike ?
A . many B . much C . about D . old
3 . How ____ pens are there in the pencil - box ?
A . much B . many C . old D . nice
4 . I often have two eggs ____ breakfast ?
A . with B . / C . to D . for
5 . What do you have ____ supper ?
A . to B . for C . / D . the
6 . The boys are ____ their way home .
7 . I often buy things ____ the shop ____ my school .
8 . The people ____ the shop near our school are very friendly .
9 . You must hand in your exercise books ____ five o'clock .
10 . The shop sells a lot ____ school things .
11 . Miss Gao often ____ ( buy ) things on Sundays .
12 . Look ! They are____ ( sell ) fish there .
13 . The shop is ____ ( close ) at eight at night .
14 . I'd like ___ ( go ) shopping with you .
15 . Listen ! Who ____ ( talk ) in that room ?
答案與提示： 1 . C 2 . B 3 . B 4 . D 5 . B 6 . on 7 . from , near 8 . in 9 . before 10 . of 11 . buys 12 . selling 13 . closed 14 . to go 15 . is talking
1問(wèn)的是哪個(gè)商店，而不是什么商店，所以應(yīng)該選C而不選A。2詢問(wèn)價(jià)錢，只用 how much。3問(wèn)“多少”，且后面為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，用how many，而不用 how much。4和5主要考查介詞 for，表示目的，常譯為“為了……”。 6“在某人回家的路上”常譯為 on one's way home。7“從某商店”的“從”用 from，“在我學(xué)校的附近”用介詞 near , near my school 修飾 the shop，作定語(yǔ)，8“在商店”用介詞 in。9“在……之前”且表示時(shí)間的介詞只能為 before。10是短語(yǔ) a lot of…，“一些……”的意思。11表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用三單形式。12. look 是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)致詞，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，助動(dòng)詞 are 已給出，所以直接加上 v - ing。13. 表示這家商店晚上8：00關(guān)門，陳述一事實(shí)或經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作 ( 狀態(tài) ) ，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)詞 close 要變?yōu)樾稳菰~ closed。14. would like 后接動(dòng)詞不定式 to do sth。15. listen 為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)志詞，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，本句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，who 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示單數(shù)，進(jìn)行時(shí)助動(dòng)詞用 is，再加上動(dòng)詞 talk 的 - ing形式即可。
三、智能顯示
【 心中有數(shù) 】
單元語(yǔ)法發(fā)散思維
掌握可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞
英語(yǔ)的名詞按其語(yǔ)法意義可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞關(guān)系到限定詞 ( 如 this , these 等 ) 的搭配，也關(guān)系到主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一致。因此，從一開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)就要密切注意。
可數(shù)名詞有兩種，一為規(guī)則的 ( 即在名詞原形后加 - s 或 - es ) ，一為不規(guī)則的 ( 前已有所談及 ) 。
有些集體名詞，如 people，通常是復(fù)數(shù)，用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如：
Some young people are singing . 有些年輕人在唱歌。
有些集體名詞，如 class , family , team 等，既可作單數(shù)，又可作復(fù)數(shù)。如果把它看成一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如把著眼點(diǎn)放在各別的成員身上，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞便用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
Our class is big . 我們的班大。
Our football team are wearing their new shoes .
我們足球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員們穿著新鞋子。
有些物質(zhì)名詞，如 rice , bread , fish , meat , water , tea , mile 等，一般是不可數(shù)的，沒(méi)有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分。但是，有些物質(zhì)名詞有時(shí)可以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但意義不同。如 fish ( 魚、魚肉 ) ，fishes ( 多種魚 ) ，food ( 食品 ) , foods ( 多種食品 ) 。
有個(gè)別名詞，單復(fù)數(shù)的形式都是一樣的，如 Chinese , Japanese 等。
【 動(dòng)手動(dòng)腦 】
單元能力立體檢測(cè)
1 . How much is this bottle of orange ? ____ .
A . It's cheap B . It's 95 fen C . Here you are
2 . Liu Ming , can you help me ____ the things ?
A . carry B . carries C . carrying
3 . How much tea do you want ? ____ .
A . Guess , please B . A kilo , please C . Ten yuan , please
4 . Do you want to go ____ with me , Mary ?
A . shops B . shopping C . shop
5 . -Can I help you ?
-____ .
A . Thank you . I want some rice
B . Yes , please . I don't want to buy anything
C . No , I don't want your help
6 . Mum , ____ do you want to buy ?
A . who B . how C . what
7 . -____ rice do you want ?
- Five kilos , please .
A . How many B . How much C . How about
8 . How many apples do you want ? ____ .
A . Nine , please B . Three yuan , please C . Yes , please
9 . Are there ____ in the room ? Yes , there are .
A . two baskets of pear B . two basket of pears C . two basket of pears
10 . On his way ____ the factory , there's a big shop .
A . / B . to C . for
11 . It's time ____ go to school .
A . for B . at C . to D . in
12 . We have lunch ____ te middle ____ the day .
A . at , of B . in , of C . in , at D . of , in
13 . What time ____ Jim ____ games ?
A . does , play B . does , plays C . do , play D . do , plays
14 . - What's the time now ?
- ____ seven o'clock .
A . It B . It's C . Its D . It's
15 . -Where are you going ?
-I'm ____ home .
A . going B . go C . going to D . go to
16 . This box is too ____ . I can't carry it .
A . small B . heavy C . light D . old
17 . Can you give me a new ruler ? This one is ____ .
A . old B . big C . long D . small
18 . Don't speak to me now . I must go . I'm ____ .
A . early B . late C . hungry D . happy
19 . I'm in Class One . He is in Class Two . We are in ____ classes .
A . the same B . different C . many D . some
20 . This one is ____ . Could I have full one , please ?
A . full B . big C . empty D . new
21 . The shop closes ____ six .
A . in B . at C . on D . to
22 . How much ____ the pen ?
A . am B . is C . are D . be
23 . Can you go shopping ____ me , please ?
A . for B . to C . from D . with
24 . You can ____ things from their shop on your way home .
A . buy B . sell C . borrow D . take
25 . Do you have ____ tea here ?
A . some B . a C . the D . any
26 . ____ bread do you want ?
A . What B . How C . How many D . How much
27 . - ____ are you doing ?
- I'm doing my homework .
A . How B . Where C . What D . What time
28 . There ____ any milk in the glass .
A . are B . aren't C . is D . isn't
29 . Her sister ____ playing football .
A . doesn't like B . don't like C . isn't like D . not like
30 . - Excuse me . Can I borrow your pencils .
- Certainly . Here ____ are .
A . they B . you C . there D . we
答案：1 - 5 B A B B A 6 - 10 C B A C B 11 - 15 C B A B A 16 - 20 B A B B C 21 - 25 B B D A D 26 - 30 D C D A B
【 創(chuàng)新園地 】
用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，完整短文。
Kate ____ ( be ) a student . She ____ ( study ) in No . 5 Middle School . She ____ ( go ) to school for five days . She and her friends sometimes ____ ( play ) games on Sundays . Kate ____ ( not like ) ____ ( swim ) . ____ she ____ ( watch ) TV in the evening ? Certainly , she ____ ( do ) . Kate's parents ____ ( be ) teachers . They are very nice .
( 請(qǐng)同學(xué)們把你寫好的答案反饋給我們
創(chuàng)新園地答案：is , studies , goes , play , doesn't like , swimming , Does , watch , does , are .
空1因?yàn)?Kate 相當(dāng)于第三人稱單數(shù) she，其后系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)填 is�？�2主語(yǔ)為 she，其后的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)形式�？�3同空2，應(yīng)填 goes�？�4主語(yǔ)為 She and her friends，表示復(fù)數(shù)，共后的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形�？�5是主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)的否定句，要用助動(dòng)詞 doesn't，后面加實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形。空6是作 Kate doesn't like 的賓語(yǔ)，swim 應(yīng)變?yōu)閯?dòng)名詞 swimming�？�7和空8為一般疑問(wèn)句，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，要用 does，主語(yǔ)后的動(dòng)詞用原形動(dòng)詞�？�9是對(duì)上句的肯定回答，she 后用 does。空10主語(yǔ)為 Kate's parents，是復(fù)數(shù)，其后的系動(dòng)詞 be 要用 are。