n.： estuary，tide，sailor， mariner， plankton， substance， atom， molecule， hydrogen， oxygen， gramme， kilogramme， gallon， centigrade， salinity， density， mass， volume， capacity， motion， nursery， mammal， pollutant， erosion， recreation， property， relationship， cube， square oblong cone column ellipse triangle， solid，transport， benefit
v．：range， dissolve， float， decrease， absorb， trust， reproduce， define，
adj.：unique， relative， freezing， pure， stable， sensitive， steady， dense， thus，
sailor: one who serve in the navy or work on a ship
mariner: One who navigates or assists in navigating a ship.
benefit: I did it for his benefit. 我做這個是為了幫助他。
A five-day week benefits more than individually and economically. 五天工作制不僅僅對國家經濟和個人有好處。
benefit from: The plants benefited from the rain. 植物得益于這場雨。
We benefit from daily exercises. 我們得益于每天做操。
transport: The goods were transported by train. 貨物是用火車來運輸的。
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.
在雕像可以運往美國之前,必須給它選個場地,還要建造一個雕像底座。
the transport of goods by air空運貨物
property: Something owned; a possession.
This car is my property. 這車是我的財產。
common property共同財
public property公共財產
He has a small property. 他有一小塊房地產。
range: What is the range of your gun? 你的槍的射程有多遠？
a wide rage of temperature氣溫變化很大
Lether shoes range from $10 a pair. 皮鞋售價每雙十美元起。
molecule: A molecule is made up of atoms. 分子由原子組成。
unique: a rather unique position特殊的情況
That building is unique because all the others like it were destroyed. 那座建筑很獨特，因為所有像它那樣的其他建筑都毀壞了。
Hydrogen: hydrogen bomb氫, hydrogen ion氫離, hydrogen oxide氧化氫,
hydrogen peroxide過氧化, hydrogen sulphide 硫化氫
atom: A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one
atom of oxygen. 一個水分子是由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子構成的。
Oxygen: oxygen-free adj. 無氧氣的
Relative: After his troubles, he's now in relative comfort.
困境過后，他現在比較舒服了。（與to連用）關于…的；有關…的
the facts that are relative to this question與這個問題有關的事實
live in relative comfort生活得較為舒適
the period of relative stability相對穩定時期
a different yet relative reason雖不同但有連帶關系的理由
solid: Gold is solid, but when you heat it, it becomes liquid.
黃金是固體，可是把它加熱時，就成了液體。
She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. "她將喝一些飲料,但不吃任何固體食物。"
a man with good solid flesh on him肌肉結實的人
The new office building is a very solid construction.
新建的寫字樓非常堅固。
freezing: freezing point 冰點, 凝凍點
a freezing glance 冷淡的一瞥
dissolve: Water dissolve salt. 水溶解鹽。
Heat dissolved the candle into a pool of wax in a few minutes.
不到幾分鐘熱就把蠟燭融化成一攤蠟。
dissolve partnership散伙; 取消同事資格
pure: pure gold純金, pure English純正英語, a pure mind心地純潔,
The water in mountain rivers is usually pure.
在山間河流中的水通常是純凈的。
Now nobody can be sure any longer that the air in the countryside is pure and healthy. "現在再也沒有人敢于肯定農村的空氣純凈,對健康有益了。"
It was a pure accident. 這全然是一次意外事故。
density: the density of population人口密度
density of freight (passenger or traffic) 運輸密度
traffic density交通量
mass: Before the rain, the sky was a mass of clouds. 下雨前，天空有一團云。
a mass of hot air一團熱空氣
the masses群眾, 民眾
the law of conservation of mass質量守恒定律
I've masses of work to do. 我有大量工作要去做。
volume: the volume of passenger travel旅客的數量
the volume of sales銷售量
She turned down the volume on the radio. 她關小了收音機的音量。
float: Wood floats on water. 木頭漂浮在水上。
A feather floated down on the wind. 一根羽毛隨風飄落。
take advantage of: take advantage of all educational opportunities.
利用一切教育機會
took advantage of the customer. 欺騙消費者
decrease: The number of children in the school has decreased this year.
今年在校的兒童人數減少了。
Your hunger decreases as you eat. 饑餓感在吃飯時會漸漸消失的。
capacity: That bowl has a capacity of two pints. 那只碗的容量有兩品脫。
a mind of great capacity理解力極強的頭腦
I have come in the capacity of a legal adviser.
我是以法律顧問的身份來的。
substance: a plan without substance. 空洞的計劃
absorb: We will not absorb these charges. 我們不能承擔這些費用。
This job absorbs all of my time.這件工作占有了我的全部時間。
To follow and absorb a newspaper article is a little bit hard as it requires a high level of mental involvement.
讀懂一篇文章比較吃力,因為需要高度的腦力活動。
to absorb in study專心研讀
The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.作家全神貫注地進行寫作,忘了彈去雪茄煙的煙灰。
give off: The sun gives off light and heat.
stable: Is that ladder stable? 那架梯子平穩嗎？
stable peace穩固的和平stable opinions堅定的意見
a man of stable character性格堅定的人
Markets are flourishing and prices are stable.市場繁榮, 物價穩定。
He is a very stable person.他是一個非常可靠的人。
sensitive: She is sensitive to what people think of her.
她很敏感人們對她是怎么想的。
steady: to make a table steady使桌子牢靠
not very steady on one's leg步履不太穩定
a steady wind持續而無變化的風
motion: motion and rest運動和靜止
You must not get out of the car when it is in motion.汽車行駛的時候千萬不能下車。
Motion itself is a contradiction. 運動本身就是矛盾。
dense: a dense population. 稠密的人口, a dense jungle濃密的叢林
trust: Don't trust him - he's not telling the truth.
不要相信他，他說得不是真話。
We trust him because we know he has never deceived anyone.
我們信任他,因為我們知道他從來沒有欺騙過任何人。
Can I trust you to do this work well?
我可以信任你把這項工作做好嗎？
nursery: The nursery teacher made the children sit bolt upright.
幼兒園的老師讓孩子們筆直地坐著。
tide: The tide is down. 潮退了。
At high tide the sea covers the rocks, but at low tide it uncovers them. 海水在高潮位時淹過了礁石，可是在低潮位時卻淹不過。
Time and tide wait for no man.[諺]歲月不等人; 天道不可抗。
reproduce: Birds reproduce by laying eggs.鳥類由產卵繁殖。
to reproduce a picture復制一張畫片
erosion: soil erosion by wind 風侵蝕土壤
recreation: Football is the boys' usual recreation after school.
踢足球是男孩子們放學后通常的娛樂活動。
define: to define the position of the government闡述政府的立場
define sb.'s duties規定某人的任務
define one's position表明立場
Phrases:
benefit from 從……中獲益, all the way 一直； 一路上,take advantage of 對……加以利用, give off 釋放；放出, call in著急；去情；打電話, a variety of種類繁多的
Others:
P. 17 an ice cube
P. 18 scary story
come up with
P. 19
1. living space
2. be incredibly rich and varied
3. range from
4. the chemical structure of
5. water molecule
6. be made up of
7. polar molecule
8. become available
9. living creatures
10. at room temperature
11. a relatively high freezing point
12. when dissolved gases and solids mix with pure water
13. the salinity of the earth’s oceans even though
14. affect its weight
15. pure water
16. one cubic meter
17. a higher density
18. let the water do the work
19. be frozen solid
20. absorb a lot of heat
21. create a stable environment
22. be sensitive to, water density
23. dense water, blood circulation
24. add … to marine ecosystems
25. move nutrients around
26. of all the resources
27. be as precious as a drop of rain
P.22
28. the mixing of fresh and salt water
29. in as estuary, a unique environment
30. enjoy all the benefits of the …
31. the density of life, come from inland sources
32. prevent erosion
33. contribute to the economy
P99.
34. reach depths of up to 11,000 meters
35. divide … into…
36. at this level
37. adapt…to
38. because of lack of light
39. at this depth
40. manage to survive
41. despite the high water pressure
42. compared to…
43. not to expect to find…
44. turn out,
Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.
range from … to
1. The temperatures here from 10℃ to 30℃.
2. Price ranged form 5 to 10 dollars
all the way
1. Jack climbed all the way to the top of the tree
2. ℃All the back, they talked about films and actors,
The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.
1. Talk to me about whatever is troubling you,
2. Don’t you know that she always succeeds in whatever she tries?
Heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.
This mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment filled with life of all kinds--a zone between the land and the sea.
Vocabulary