1. take …into consideration 考慮某事物 2 compare…with… 把…與……比較(對(duì)比)
3 protect…from… 防護(hù)…而不受 4.complain about 對(duì)某人與某物抱怨
5.in charge of… 負(fù)責(zé);處于控制或支配的地位 6.hand in hand 手拉手;密切關(guān)聯(lián)的
7.with the development of 隨著……發(fā)展 8.on the other hand 另一方面
9.get… across 傳播或?yàn)槿死斫?10. .attach to 系;貼;固定;附著
11.appeal to 呼吁;上訴;投合(興趣或心愿) 12.arm … with用…做準(zhǔn)備;備有
13.make sb. aware of 使人明白;覺察;意識(shí)到 14 start with 以…開始
15.keep an eye out for 留心或注意到某人、某事物 16.at the right time 在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候
17.point out to (向某人)指出;使注意 18.make sense 有意義;有道理;講得通
19 with the purpose of 以…為目的 20.accuse…of… 指責(zé);控告
21 be to blame 應(yīng)受責(zé)備 22 react to對(duì)…作出反應(yīng)
23 associate … with ..與…有聯(lián)系 ,參與 , 與…交往 24 make a profit out of 從…獲取利益
25 distinguish between A and B / distinguish from A and B 26 make informed choices 做出知情的選擇
區(qū)別A 和B
Convey vt.1.) 運(yùn)送,搬運(yùn),轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)[(+from/to)]
Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal. 用公共汽車載送旅客前往航空站。
2.) 傳播(聲音等) A wire conveys an electric current. 電線傳導(dǎo)電流。
3.) 傳達(dá),傳遞,表達(dá)[(+to)][+(that)][+wh-]
I found it hard to convey my feelings in words. 我覺得難以用言語表達(dá)我的感情。
4.) 轉(zhuǎn)讓(財(cái)產(chǎn)等)[(+to)] The old farmer conveyed his farm to his son. 老農(nóng)夫?qū)⑵滢r(nóng)場轉(zhuǎn)讓給兒子。
Advertise vt.1.) 為...做廣告;為...宣傳
If you want to sell your product you must advertise it. 如果你要推銷自己的產(chǎn)品,你就必須做廣告。
2.) 公布;通知
He advertised them of his decision to withdraw from the election. 他告知他們自己要退出選舉的決定。
vi. 做(登)廣告,作宣傳[(+for)]
The company is advertising for typists in the newspapers. 那家公司在報(bào)紙上登廣告征聘打字員。
blame vt.1.) 責(zé)備,指責(zé)[(+on/for)] He blamed you for the neglect of duty. 他責(zé)備你玩忽職守。
2.) 把...歸咎(于);歸因于[(+on/onto)] Don’t blame the failure on him, but on me. 別把失敗歸咎于他，該怪我。
n.[U] 1.） 責(zé)備,指責(zé)[(+for)] I am ready to take the blame for the mistake. 我準(zhǔn)備承擔(dān)這一錯(cuò)誤的責(zé)任。
2.） 責(zé)任[(+for)]
The judge put/ laid the blame for the accident on the driver of the car. 法官把事故歸罪于小轎車司機(jī)。
react vi. 1.) 作出反應(yīng),反應(yīng)[(+to)] How did she react to the news? 她對(duì)這個(gè)消息反應(yīng)如何?
2.) 影響,起作用[(+on/upon)] The two react upon each other. 這兩者互相影響。
3.) 抗拒,反抗[(+against)] Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子們通常以違背父母的意愿來反抗他們。
4.) 起反作用,回過來起作用[(+on/upon)] Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person. 惡人往往有惡報(bào)。
vt. 使起(化學(xué))反應(yīng);使發(fā)生相互作用[(+with)]
We make superphosphate by reacting rock phosphate with sulphuric acid.
我們使磷酸鹽巖同硫酸發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)制造過磷酸鈣。
annoy vt.1.) 惹惱,使生氣;使煩惱[(+by/at/with)]
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors.
他母親因?yàn)樗麑?duì)鄰居如此粗暴無禮而生他的氣。
2.) 打攪,困擾 These flies are annoying me. 這些蒼蠅一直在打攪我。
vi. 令人討厭(或不快)
accuse vt. 1.) 指控,控告[(+of)] She accused him of stealing her watch. 她控告他偷她的表。
2.) 指責(zé),把...歸咎(于) Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes. 人類常把自己的不幸歸咎于天。
Associate vt. 1.) 聯(lián)想,把...聯(lián)想在一起[+with]
They associate turkey with Thanksgiving. 他們把火雞和感恩節(jié)聯(lián)系在一起。
2.) 使聯(lián)合,使結(jié)合[+with] 3.) 使有聯(lián)系 [+with] I didn't want to be associated with it at all.
我根本不想與這事有牽連。
vi. 結(jié)交,交往[+with] He associates with all sorts of people. 他與各種各樣的人交往。
get across 傳播，使...被理解
He found it difficult to get his idea across to them. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他難以使他們了解他的想法。
appeal vi. 1.) 呼吁,懇求[(+to/for)][+to-v] He appealed to me for help. 他向我求援。
2. )訴諸,求助[(+to)] We will appeal to a great variety of sources of information. 我們將求助于多種資料來源。
3.) 有吸引力,迎合愛好[W][(+to)] The idea appealed to Mary. 這主意正合瑪麗的心意。
4.) 【律】上訴[(+to/against)]
He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given. 他對(duì)被判五年徒刑提出上訴。
vt. 【美】將...上訴,對(duì)...上訴 He appealed his case to a higher court. 他向上一級(jí)法院申訴。
n. 1. 呼吁,請(qǐng)求[C][U][(+to/for)]
He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him. 他最后一次懇求父親寬恕他。
2. 吸引力,感染力[U]
These subjects have lost their appeal for most students. 對(duì)多數(shù)學(xué)生來說,這些學(xué)科已經(jīng)失去了吸引力。
figure n.[C] 1.) 外形;體形;人影 I saw a figure in the darkness. 我看到暗處有一個(gè)人影。
2.) 體態(tài);風(fēng)姿 She has an attractive figure. 她有迷人的曲線。
3.) 人物;名人 He has become a figure known to everyone. 他已成了一個(gè)知名人物。
4.) 數(shù)字 Where did you get those figures? 你從哪兒得到那些數(shù)字的?
5.) 數(shù)量;金額;價(jià)格 His work now commands huge figures. 他的作品現(xiàn)在值大價(jià)錢。
6.) 圖表;圖解;插圖
Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons. 我們的教科書有許多圖表幫助解釋課文。
7.) 畫像;塑像
vt. 1.) 計(jì)算 Please help me to figure out my income tax. 請(qǐng)幫我算一下我的所得稅。
2.) 認(rèn)為,以為;估計(jì)[Y][+(that)];料到 How do you figure that? 你如何料到的?
Profit n. 1.) 利潤,盈利;收益,紅利[C][U]
He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house. 他賣掉房子獲利五萬美元。
2.) 利益,益處;得益[U] We gained a lot of profit from your advice. 我們從你的建議中獲益匪淺。
vt. 有益于 Telling lies won't profit you. 撒謊對(duì)你無益。
vi.1.) 有益,有利
2.) 得益,獲益[(+by/from)] He learned to profit by his mistakes. 他學(xué)會(huì)了從自己的錯(cuò)誤中獲益。
attach vt. 1.) 裝上,貼上,系上[(+to)] He'll attach the label to your luggage. 他會(huì)把標(biāo)簽系在你的行李上。
2.) 使依附;使附屬[(+to)]This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby. 這個(gè)醫(yī)院附屬附近的那所醫(yī)學(xué)院。
3.) (與oneself連用)使參加;使附著[(+to)] He attached himself to the expedition. 他參加了那個(gè)探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)。
4.) 把...歸于[(+to)] How can you attach the blame for this accident to the taxi-driver?
你怎么能把這次事故的責(zé)任歸于出租車司機(jī)呢?
vi. 1.) 附屬;附加[(+to)]
2.) 歸屬[(+to)] The blame for this accident attaches to the man who drove under the influence.
這起事故的責(zé)任應(yīng)由酒后開車的那個(gè)人承擔(dān)。
3.) 伴隨[(+to)] Those are advantages that attach to the profession. 那些都是從事該職業(yè)的種種有利條件。
discount n.[C][U] 折扣;打折扣
We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash. 如用現(xiàn)金購買,我們給予九折優(yōu)待。
vt. 1.) 將...打折扣;將商品打去...折扣
That store discounts all its slow-selling goods. 那家商店削價(jià)出售所有滯銷貨。
2.) 不全相信;懷疑地看待 You must discount much of what he says. 他說的好些話,你必須打個(gè)折扣聽。
vi. 打折扣出售商品 Many stores do not discount at all. 許多商店出售商品一概不打折扣。
make sense 有意義;有道理；講得通 This sentence doesn't make sense. 這句子毫無意義。
It makes sense to take care of your health. 好好照顧自己是有道理的
重要句子理解
1. Advertising is a highly developed industry. 廣告業(yè)是一項(xiàng)高度發(fā)達(dá)的工業(yè)。
2. The development of radio, television and other media has gone hand in hand with the development of advertising.
收音機(jī)、電視及別的媒體廣告與廣告的發(fā)展齊頭并進(jìn)。
3. On the other hand ,critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us believe that a certain product is better than it really is or that we will be happier if we buy the product.
另一方面，批評(píng)者有時(shí)指責(zé)公司濫用廣告誤導(dǎo)我們，讓我們相信某種產(chǎn)品比實(shí)際要好或購買它會(huì)令人更加愉快等等。
4. By introducing a brand name to potential customers , and by associating the product with the customer’s needs, companies are able to influence the choices customers make.
通過介紹一個(gè)品牌給有潛力的顧客，并且通過把顧客的需求和產(chǎn)品聯(lián)系起來，公司就能影響顧客做的選擇。
5. Customers see so many ads every day that advertisers must work hard to get their message across.
顧客每天都看那么多廣告，因此廣告人應(yīng)努力工作使他們信息傳播開來。
6. It has been proven again and again that frequent advertising increases product sales.
事實(shí)已經(jīng)一次次地證明經(jīng)常做廣告增加了產(chǎn)品的銷售量。
7. Armed with facts and figures ,customers are better able to deal with the often powerful arguments given by a salesman or saleswoman.
用這些事實(shí)和數(shù)字武裝頭腦，顧客就能更好地處理那些由銷售員做出的有力辯論。
8. Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.
并非所有的廣告都被用來推動(dòng)產(chǎn)品的銷量，或增加公司的利潤。
9. It is not always easy to spot a bad ad, but there are a few things we can look out for .
來曝光一個(gè)壞的廣告并不是一件容易的事，但有幾件事是我們應(yīng)該注意的。
10. There is no clear evidence to show just how well ads work, but they are important to both companies and consumers. 沒有明顯的證據(jù)來證明廣告起的作用多么好，但是他們對(duì)公司和顧客都很重要。
11. Does the meaning of the word remind you of something that you know or have done?
這個(gè)單詞的意思使你想起你知道的或做過的一些事嗎？
12. A similar trick is used in so-called “bait-and-switch ” , that is the customers is shown one product (the bait) and then given another. 另一種類似的詭計(jì)是所謂的“釣餌-偷梁換柱”的廣告，也就是消費(fèi)者所見的
是一種產(chǎn)品（釣餌），而實(shí)際買到的卻是另一種產(chǎn)品。
13. A good as often uses words to which people attach positive meanings.
好廣告總是能使用能引起人們正面聯(lián)想的詞語。
Exercises
1應(yīng)受責(zé)備 2 考慮某事物 3負(fù)責(zé)
4 手拉手;密切關(guān)聯(lián)的 5 傳播或?yàn)槿死斫?6系;貼;固定;附著
7呼吁;上訴;投合(興趣或心愿) 8用…做準(zhǔn)備;備有 9使人明白;覺察;意識(shí)到
10 有意義;有道理;講得通 11指責(zé);控告 12對(duì)…作出反應(yīng)
1. 并非每個(gè)學(xué)生都有一本詞典。
2. 請(qǐng)讓你的學(xué)生理解你的想法。(get …across)
3. 據(jù)報(bào)道中國又發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。
4. 廣告公司總是想方設(shè)法推銷產(chǎn)品。(advertise, promote)
5. 這些不實(shí)廣告報(bào)紙應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備。(be to blame)
6. 廣告商一定不能給人留下欺騙性印象。(advertiser, misleading)
7. 她聽到我的建議時(shí)反應(yīng)如何？(react)
8. 報(bào)紙從所登的廣告獲取利益。（make a profit out of)
1. The young man is the C. E. O of the company. In other words, he is the company.
A. in the charge of B. in his charge C. in charge of D. under the charge of
2.--Do you know who is to for the accident, Tom or Alice? --Sorry, I don't know.
A. scold B. be blamed C. blame D. criticize
3 The young man thought he was innocent, so he appealed the high court his sentence.
A. up, against B. to, against C. on, about D. to, about
4 . The nuclear problem has __ the government recently.
A. made, to be attacked on B. led, to attacked on C. led, to be attacked on D. made, be attacked on
5 We must do something to the air seriously.
A. stop , polluting B. keep, from being polluted C. prevent , from polluting D. keep, polluting
6 The student kept where he was. A. standing up B. sitting C. seating D. getting up
7 I was told that he the truth. A. kept up B. kept down C. hold back D. kept off
8 All is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
9 China has hundreds of islands, is Taiwan.
A. the largest of which B. of which largest C. which the largest D. in which the largest
10 of Canada is covered with snow. A. Many B. Much C. Little D. Few
11 It is required that the work next week.
A. will be B. is C. be D. must be
12 _______has helped to save the drowning child is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
13 _______caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When
14 Paul doesn't have to be made . He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
15 When I came back, I found the house __ and everything
A. was broken ,took away B. broken into , taken away
C. had been broken, taken D. break into, take away
16 The house they __ in the floods must be rebuilt before winter comes.
A. had washed away B. had to wash away
C. had them washed away D. had washed them away
17 Parents are taught to understand important education is to their children's future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so
18 A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
19 --Are you satisfied with the result? --Not at all. It couldn't be
A. any better B. any worse C. so bad D. the worst
20 When you finish reading the book, you'll have better understanding of life.
A. a, the B. the, a C./, the D. at/
21 He tried many times to sneak across the border to a neighboring country, each time.
A. having been caught B. unluckily caught C. always being caught D. only to be caught
22 --Who would you rather the office? --Joyce, of course.
A. have cleaned B. get cleaned C. get clean D. have clean
23 You can never imagine what great difficulty we had your house last time.
A. found B. to find C. finding D. for finding
1 be to blame 2take …into consideration 3 in charge of…
4 hand in hand 5 get… across 6 attach to
7 appeal to 8 arm … with 9 make sb. aware of
10 make sense 11 accuse…of… 12 react to
1. Not each student has a dictionary.
2. Please get your idea across to the students.
3. It is reported that China sent up another man-made satellites.
4. Advertising companies always try every means to think up new ways to promote products.
5. Newspapers are to blame for the untruthful ads.
6. Advertisers must not give others misleading impression
7. How did she react to my suggestion when she heard it?
8. Newspapers make a profit out of the advertisements they carry.
1-5 CCBCB 6-10 BCBAB 11-15 CDABB 16-20 ABABD 21-23 DDC