Period 1 Welcome to the unit
Step1 Lead in
Quiz: How much do you know about the ancient civilization?
1)What are the four ancient civilized nations?
2)What are the seven wonders of the world?
埃及的金字塔、巴比倫的“空中花園”、土耳其的月亮神阿泰密斯女神廟、位于地中海的羅得島太陽神銅像、亞歷山大燈塔、希臘奧林匹克的宙斯神像、土耳其國王摩索拉斯陵墓。但是，由于地震、人為破壞等原因，這七大奇跡，除金字塔依然屹立外，其余均已毀壞。因此在此基礎(chǔ)上，隨后又產(chǎn)生了世界中古七大奇跡之說：意大利的羅馬大斗獸場、利比亞沙漠邊緣的亞歷山大地下陵墓、中國的萬里長城、英國的石圍圈、中國南京的大報(bào)恩寺琉璃寶塔、意大利的比薩斜塔、土耳其的索菲亞大教堂或圣索菲亞圣殿。
Language points:
（1）Some of them have disappeared ,while others remain today .
它們中一些已經(jīng)消失，然而另外一些今天仍然存在。
a. remain不及物動(dòng)詞，“留下”“剩下”；還可意為“逗留”，其后通常接介詞或副詞。如：
After the fire ,very little remained of my house .火災(zāi)之后，我家所剩無幾。
In the early days , some lived in tents and hunted wild animals. Others remained in one place and started farms of their own.
在古代有些人住帳篷，四處獵取野獸；還有些人居住在一個(gè)地方，開始了他們的農(nóng)耕生活。
The children remained out because of the good weather. 由于天氣晴朗，孩子們繼續(xù)呆在室外嬉戲。
He has to remain in hospital until he is better. 他不得不住院，直到身體好轉(zhuǎn)。
[注]表示“留在某地”時(shí)remain 和stay 同義。如remain/stay there(呆在那里)，但只能說stay at home ,不能說remain at home。另外remain 既可指人逗留在一定場所，也可指物逗留在一定場所或保持原來的形狀或狀態(tài)，stay 只表示人逗留在一定場所。
b. remain用作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持”“仍然是”“還是”“剩下”，接形容詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞或介詞短語作表語，如：
He remained silent . 他保持沉默。
She remains unmarried.她仍然單身。
Man remained a hunter for thousands of years .人類的狩獵時(shí)期有數(shù)千年之久。
A lot of work remained to be done.許多工作還沒做完。
After the earthquake ,very few houses remained standing .地震后幾乎沒有房子沒倒塌。
[注]remain 接動(dòng)詞不定式表示將來動(dòng)作，接現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作，接過去分詞表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。如：
This remains to be proved . 這有待證實(shí)。（將來的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）
Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 這是否對我們有好處，還要看一看。（將來的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）
They remained listening. 他們一直在聽。（正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作）
She remained sitting when I came in .我進(jìn)來時(shí)，她仍然坐著。（正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作）
The book ,however ,remains unfinished.但這本書一直沒完成。（表示主語所處的狀態(tài)）
They remained locked in her room. 他們?nèi)匀槐绘i在房子里。（已經(jīng)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）
c. remains是名詞，表示“遺物”“遺址”“剩余物”，其單、復(fù)數(shù)同形，如：
the remains of an old castle 古城堡的遺址
They paid their last respects to her remains. 他們對她的遺體告別。
The remains of the meal are/is in the refrigerator. 剩飯?jiān)诒淅铩?/p>
d. remaining 意為“剩下的”“余下的”，修飾單個(gè)名詞時(shí)，前置，如是修飾短語則應(yīng)后置。如：
She returned home with the remaining 10 dollars. 她帶著剩下的十美元加了家。
You may have the remaining ones. 剩下的你可以拿去。
We had a number of duties to perform during the short time still remaining .
在剩下的時(shí)間中，我們有很多的任務(wù)要完成。
[注] left也可意為“剩下的”“余下的”，多放在被修飾的名詞之后，如：
How much time is there left? 還剩有多少時(shí)間？
There are no books left in the room。房間里沒剩下書。
The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ______.
a. 20 dollars remained b. 20 dollars to remain c. remained 20 dollars d. remained 20 dollars
（2）The hanging Gardens 空中花園
a. hanging 為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，hang此處為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“懸”“掛”，(hang, hung, hung )
He remained hanging in the midair ,saved by the belt .他懸在半空中，安全帶救了他。
A full moon hung in the sky. 一輪滿月掛在天空。
Big lights hang from the ceiling. 天花板上吊著幾盞大吊燈。
b. hang作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“懸”“掛”，仍是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，如：
Let’s hang those pictures on the wall. 咱們把這些畫掛在墻上。
My mother is hanging out the washing. 我媽媽在晾洗好的衣服。
Slogans were hung in the hall. 大廳里懸掛著標(biāo)語。
[注]有時(shí)表示“上/里面掛著”著be hung with。如：
The hall was hung with pictures by workers .大廳里掛著工人創(chuàng)作的畫。
The trees were thickly hung with fruit. 樹上果實(shí)累累。
c. hang作規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，意為“吊死”“絞死”，既可作及物動(dòng)詞也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。如：
The last Ming emperor hanged himself from this tree. 明朝最后一個(gè)皇帝就是吊死在這棵樹上的。
Mussolini was hanged by the Italian people . 墨索里尼被意大利人民絞死了。
The man was hanged for what he had done to the peasant family.那人因?qū)δ寝r(nóng)家所干的一切被絞死了。
At that time you could hang for stealing .那時(shí)犯盜竊罪就可能會(huì)被絞死的。
d. hang所用于的一些短語：
hang about 逗留，閑蕩 hang back 躊躇不前
hang (down) one’s head低下頭 hang on堅(jiān)持下去；賴著不走
hang over使憂心忡忡；擔(dān)心可能發(fā)生 hang up 掛斷電話
hang upon靠……決定 hang by a hair/thread命懸一線，危在旦夕
（3）Have you ever been to a museum and seen things from ancient civilizations?
你曾去過博物館看到過來自文明古國的東西嗎？
a. civilization 在本句中為可數(shù)名詞，意為“文明國家”。如：
These are acts that will horrify civilizations. 這些是令文明國家震驚的行為。
These are inventions from civilizations. 這是些來自文明國家的發(fā)明。
b. civilization作可數(shù)名詞，意為“文明”“文化”。如：
Do you know the civilizations of ancient Egypt, Babylon and Persia?
你了解古埃及、巴比倫和波斯的文化嗎？
Chinese civilization is one of the oldest in the world. 中國文化是世界上最古老的文化之一。
c. civilization 作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“教化”“開化”“文明環(huán)境”“文明社會(huì)”。如：
The civilization of mankind has taken thousands of years. 人類的開化經(jīng)過了數(shù)千年。
They still live far from civilization. 他們?nèi)匀簧钤谶h(yuǎn)離文明世界的地方。
It’s good to get back to civilization after living in a tent for two weeks.
在帳篷里生活了兩星期后又回到文明社會(huì)可真舒服。
（4）Do you have any suggestions on how to protect it? 你有關(guān)于如何保護(hù)它的什么建議嗎？
a. suggestion作可數(shù)名詞，意為“提議”“建議”。如：
I want suggestions about what to do today. 今天做什么我想聽聽有何意見。
My suggestion is that we put off the meeting. 我的建議是推遲會(huì)議。
[注] at/on one’s suggestion或at/ on the suggestion of 意為“按照某人的建議”，其中suggestion作不可數(shù)名詞。如：
On/At your suggestion, I bought the more expensive printer. 遵照你的建議我買了較貴的打印機(jī)。
b. suggestion作可數(shù)名詞還可意為“些微”“跡象”。如：
He speaks English with a suggestion of a French accent. 他講英語帶一點(diǎn)法語口音。
There is no suggestion that she should resign. 沒有跡象顯示她要辭職。
c. suggestion作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“聯(lián)想”“暗示”。如：
Most advertisements work through suggestion. 大多數(shù)廣告都是通過暗示起作用。
There is much suggestion in what he has said. 在他的話中暗示了許多東西。
[注]advice為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“告誡”“忠告”“勸告”“建議”，常用來表達(dá)講話人對做什么、怎么做提出觀點(diǎn)，往往帶有警示意思。如：
You won’t get well unless you follow your doctor’s advice. 如果你不遵醫(yī)囑，你將不會(huì)痊愈。
If you take my advice and study hard, you will pass the exam. 如果你聽我的勸告用功讀書，你就會(huì)考及格。
Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 馬克思就如何學(xué)外語提了一些建議。
[注]advice不可數(shù)，不說an advice， a piece of advice（一條忠告；一項(xiàng)建議）或some advice（一些建議）。
Period 2 Reading
Step1. Fast reading:
1. TEACHER:
Read the following diary entries quickly and answer these questions.
1. What country is the author from?
2. What is one main similarity between Pompeii and Loulan?
3. Who was made director of the Pompeii dig in 1860?
4. Who is Professor Zhang?
Step 2. Reading for details (C1）
Reading the letter again carefully and then choose the best answer:
1. What happened to Pompeii in August AD 79?
2. How was the buried city discovered?
3. What were the stepping stones along the road in Pompeii used for?
4. Why was Loulan an important city about 2,000 years ago?
5. How do many people think Loulan disappeared?
6. According to the last sentence, how did the author feel about the loss of Loulan?
Find out the facts and historical information about the two cities.
Pompeii time event
in the 8th century
in 89 BC
on 24th Aug. AD 79
in 1860
Loulan 2000 years ago
from AD 200 to AD 500
100 years ago
Step5. Summary and Homework
Both Pompeii in ________and Loulan in China became ____ ________ about 2000 years ago. Pompeii was ________ in the 8th century BC and was _____ _______ by the Romans in 89BC. On 24th Aug.AD79, Mount Vesuvius _________ and the city were _______ __________. Loulan was a _________ _________ on the Silk Road. It disappeared under the ________. There are just a few _________ left. Some _________, such as coins and painted pots, was found.
Language points:
1．similarity n 相似點(diǎn)；相似，類似 similar adj. 相似的，類似的
be similar to 與……相似 similarly adv. 相似地； 類似地
the similarity of a cat to a tiger 貓和虎的相似
The two coats are similar but not the same. 這兩件大衣是相似的，但不同。
2. arrange v. 安排，籌劃，整理，布置
arrange + n. 整理；布置；排列
arrange + (for) + n. 安排……；協(xié)商……
arrange +for + n. + to do 安排……做……
arrange + (with + n.) + to do (與人)約定干……
arrange + that 商定……；安排…… （that從句用should + v. , should 可以省略）
I’ve arranged for him to meet her. 我已經(jīng)安排好他跟她見面了。
I arranged to meet him at 6 o’clock. 我約定在6點(diǎn)鐘跟他見面。
He arranged that the meeting be put off for a week. 他安排把會(huì)議延后一星期召開。
3． represent vt. 表現(xiàn)；描寫；描畫；代表；聲稱
representative n. [c] 代表
represent oneself as/ to be 自稱是；聲言
represent sth. (to sb.) 向……說明；闡述；表達(dá)
represent sth. 代表……，代理……
He represents himself as an expert in English. 他自稱是英語專家。
He represented our school at the meeting at the meeting.他代表我們學(xué)校出席會(huì)議。
The pigeon represents peace. 鴿子象征和平。
4. take over 繼承，接管，接替，接任
take away 拿走，使離開 take hold of
take back 退回（某物），收回（所說的話）
take care 小心，謹(jǐn)慎 take --- for 把---誤認(rèn)為
take care of 照顧，照料 take --- for granted 認(rèn)為--- 理所當(dāng)然
take down 取下；記下 take after 相似
take in 接待，吸收 take to 喜歡
take off （飛機(jī)）起飛；取消，脫下
take on 呈現(xiàn)，雇傭 take along 隨身帶著
take out 取出；拿出
take up 開始；從事；占去（時(shí)間）等
The large company has taken over many small ones. 這家大公司吞并了許多小公司。
You watch the house until 10 and then I’ll take over.你監(jiān)視這所房子到10點(diǎn)，然后我接替你。
He opened the drawer and ___ a notebook.
A. took on B. took over C. took up D. took out
He expects to ___ the business when his father retires.
A. take down B. take over C. take up D. take out
5. alive/ living/ live/ lively
alive “活著的”，是表語形容詞，可修飾人，物，用作表語（可與living互換），賓補(bǔ)和后置定語，不能用作前置定語。
living “有生命的，活著的”，多作表語和前置定語，可修飾人或物，如a living plant 活的植物
live “活生生的，現(xiàn)場直播的，實(shí)況直播的”，只用作前置定語，只修飾物，不指人
a live tiger 一只活老虎 a live show / broadcast /TV programs
lively “活潑的，生動(dòng)的”，可用作表語、定語、指人或物。
a lively child 活潑的孩子 a lively description 生動(dòng)的描述 a way of making one’s classes lively 使課堂生動(dòng)的方法
Keep him alive, please. 請讓他活下去。
He is the only man alive in the accident. 他是事故中惟一活著的人。
6.so + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/ + sb./sth 是一個(gè)倒裝句型結(jié)構(gòu)，表示上文中某人/物怎樣，下文中的某人/物也怎樣，其中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞在人稱、數(shù)上要與下文的主語保持一致，在時(shí)態(tài)上與上文相一致。表否定時(shí)用neither或nor.
If you can do it, so can I. 如果你能做，我也能做。
If you go there, so will I. 如果你去， 我也將去。
If you don’t go to the cinema tonight, nor shall I. 你今天晚上不去看電影，我也不會(huì)去。
注意：So it is with … 和It is the same with … 既用于肯定句，也用于否定句，陳述兩種(以上)的情況。
I have already seen that interesting film.____.
A. So does he B. So has he C. So he does D. So he has
7. damage
1). 損害；損失。不可數(shù)名詞，常接介詞to
2). 賠償金
3).作動(dòng)詞用，意為“損害，毀壞”
A torrent of rain came down and damaged the crops.
He had not got any damages.
hurt/ injure/wound/ destroy/ damage/ ruin
<1> Laughing at others will hurt their feelings.嘲笑別人會(huì)傷害他們的感情。（精神，肉體上的傷害，強(qiáng)調(diào)疼痛）
<2> Although his hand was injured, he continued to operate the machine.（損害，毀壞容貌，強(qiáng)調(diào)喪失機(jī)能）
<3> A lot of soldiers were wounded in the battle.（強(qiáng)調(diào)暴力引起的創(chuàng)傷）
<4> This new evidence will completely destroy his argument.（完全的，不可修復(fù)的毀壞）
<5> Exposing to sunlight will damage the colored photo. (部分的，尚可修復(fù)的毀壞)
<6> He has ruined his health through drinking heavily. (毀壞，弄壞)
A bomb ____ tow buildings and damaged several others.
A. destroyed B. damaged C. harmed D. injured
“If you go on stealing, you will ____ your bright future, young man!” said the judge.
a. destroy b. damage c. ruin d. break
a. damage 和destroy都可作動(dòng)詞表示“破壞”，但在破壞的程度上,damage 要小于destroy, damage 可以指不同的程度的破壞損壞，而destroy 則一般指毀滅性的破壞。作為動(dòng)詞兩詞許多的時(shí)候要通用。如：
In Germany ,over 50%of the country’s trees had been damaged /destroyed by the year 1986.
德國到1986年的時(shí)候，百分之五十的國家森林已被破壞。
But this “chemical rain” gradually destroys /damages trees in the forests and kills the fish in the lake.但這種“酸雨”漸漸地?fù)p害了森林中的樹木，導(dǎo)致了湖中的魚的死亡。
You have destroyed my life and all my hopes.你毀了我的生活，同時(shí)也毀了我所有的希望。
b. damage 可作不可數(shù)名詞，而destroy 不能用作名詞，destroy的句詞形式為destruction.如：
The storm caused great damage /did a lot of damage to the crops.
這場暴風(fēng)雨給莊稼帶來了巨大的損害。
８．house 在此用作動(dòng)詞，意為“給（某人）房子住，儲(chǔ)存，覆蓋，遮蔽”
We can house you if the hotel are full.
house 用作名詞，意為“房子，家庭，建筑物，家族”
as safe as a house 絕對安全
keep house管理家務(wù)
eat sb out of house and home把某人吃窮
put/ set one’s house in order 把自己的事情處理的井井有條
9. too ….to…..一般譯作“太---而不能”，但是當(dāng)too后的形容詞為ready(輕易), glad(高興), kind(善良), pleased(高興), anxious(急切), eager(渴望), willing(愿意)等, too 前有not, only, but, all, never等詞時(shí)，too相當(dāng)于very.
can’t (can never)…..too……怎么---也不過分
too ready to do sth 總愛做某事
too + adj. +for sb (sth) to do 太。。。而不適合于干。。。
--- I wish Bill would drive us to the station.
--- He has ____to take us all.
a too small car B. too small a car C. very small a car D. such small a car
too +adj. +a/ an +名詞
--- I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.
--- You can never be _____careful in the street.
A. much B. very C. so D. too
Never…too+ adj.+adj. 在…也不為過
Word Power
（1）成雙成對的名詞
在英語中有些名詞有兩個(gè)部分組成，這兩個(gè)部分的形狀、構(gòu)造、顏色等都是一樣的，缺了其中的一個(gè)部分就失去了使用價(jià)值。這些名詞前常用量詞pair。如：
a pair/two pairs of binoculars一架/兩架雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡
a pair/two pairs of socks一雙/兩雙短襪
a pair/two pairs of stockings一雙/兩雙長筒襪
a pair/two pairs of shoes一雙/兩雙鞋
a pair/two pairs of boots一雙/兩雙靴子
a pair/two pairs of chopsticks一雙/兩雙筷子
a pair/two pairs of trousers一條/兩條褲子
a pair/two pairs of glasses一副/兩副眼鏡
a pair/two pairs of scissors一把/兩把剪刀
[注]這些名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如有量詞pair，則謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。如：
My trousers are worn out. 我的褲子穿壞了。
There is a pair of/are two pairs of shoes under the bed. 床下有一雙/兩雙鞋。
（2）集體名詞
英語中有些可數(shù)名詞可組成一個(gè)群體，它們通常與一些表示群體的名詞連用。如：
a herd /two herds of cows ,elephants ,deer 一群/兩群牛/大象/鹿
a bunch /two bunches of flowers ,bananas ,grapes ,keys 一束/兩束花，一串/兩串香蕉/葡萄/鑰匙
a pack /two packs of dogs ,wolves ,cards 一群/兩群狗/狼，一盒/兩盒牌
a flock /two flocks of sheep ,goats ,swallows 一群/兩群綿羊/山羊/燕子
a swarm / two swarms of been ,ants ,flies 一窩/兩窩蜜蜂/螞蟻，一群/兩群蒼蠅
a crowd /two crowds of people ,children ,guests 一群/兩群人/孩子/客人
a team /two teams of players ,salesmen ,workers 一隊(duì)/兩隊(duì)球員/銷售員/工人
an army /two armies of workers ,ants ,volunteers 一大群/兩大群工人/螞蟻/自愿者
[注]當(dāng)這些名詞短語作主語時(shí)，如果前面的量詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果側(cè)重后面的成員，謂語動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
A group of soldiers was /were marching towards the city. 一群士兵正向城市進(jìn)軍.
Task
1. listen for 用心聽，留神聽著…的聲音
The boys are listening for the bell at the end of a lesson. 上課結(jié)束時(shí)，孩子們都在等著聽鈴聲。
Listen for the postman. 注意聽著郵遞員的聲音。
2. add…to… 把…加到…
She added sugar to her tea. 她把糖加到茶里面。
add to… 增強(qiáng)，增加
This adds to our difficulties. 這增加了我們的困難。
This adds to our information. 這增加了我們的信息。
3. open 開放的，開始…的
The hearing is open to the public. 這次聽證會(huì)是公開的。
The movie star is now open for reporter’s questions. 那位電影明星現(xiàn)在開始準(zhǔn)備回答記者的提問。
4. audience 觀眾，聽眾（可數(shù)）
The large audience enjoyed every word Mr. Jackson uttered.
大量的聽眾欣賞杰克遜先生說出的每一句話。
There was a large audience at the pop concert. 有大量的觀眾雜聽流行音樂會(huì)。
注：audience作整體看待時(shí)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式，看作許多人時(shí)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。有時(shí)兩
種形式都可以用。
It was late, but the audience was increasing. 天晚了，但是觀眾還在增加。
The audience are dressed in a variety of ways. 觀眾們穿著打扮多種多樣。
The audience was/were very excited by the show. 演出使觀眾非常激動(dòng)。
5. be located (in/on) 位于…
Where’s it located? 它位于哪兒？
The house is located next to the river. 那房子位于河邊。
locate作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示把…放在…, 讓…呆在某處：
The company located its branch office in the suburbs. 那家公司把分公司放在了郊區(qū)。
He located his new store on Main Street. 他把他的新店設(shè)在了緬因街。
6. declare 動(dòng)詞，表示“宣布，宣稱，聲明”，后面可跟名詞、從句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞短 語等。
Bulgaria declared its independence in 1908. 保加利亞于1908年宣布獨(dú)立。
She declared that she didn’t want to see him again. 她宣布她不想再見到他。
At 3:30 the chairman declared the session closed. 三點(diǎn)三十分時(shí)，主席宣布全會(huì)結(jié)束。
He declared against the proposal. 他宣稱反對那個(gè)提案。
7. in memory of 紀(jì)念，為了紀(jì)念..
He wrote the book in memory of the fallen officer and soldiers in the war.
他寫下此書以紀(jì)念這場戰(zhàn)爭中的陣亡將士。
In memory of the massacre carried out by Japan in Nanjing, the citizens built a memorial in the city.
為了紀(jì)念日本在南京制造的大屠殺，市民們在城里建立了一座紀(jì)念碑。
8. distinguished 形容詞， 著名的，卓越的，突出的
He is the most distinguished chemist in the country. 他是這個(gè)國家最著名的化學(xué)家。
He has made distinguished services in his diplomatic career. 在他的外交生涯中他功勛卓著。
distinguish是動(dòng)詞，區(qū)分，區(qū)別
Can you distinguish cotton cloth from linen? 你能把棉布和亞麻區(qū)別開來嗎？
People who can’t distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind. 不能區(qū)分顏色的人叫作色盲。
9. be honored 感到榮幸，跟不定式或從句
I’m honored to be here with you. 與你一起感到榮幸。
I’m honored that you should notice me. 我感到榮幸，你竟然注意到了我。
honor 作動(dòng)詞用法如下：
（1）使感到榮幸
You honored us by being with us today. 你今天與我們呆在一起使我們感到榮幸。
（2）尊敬
Lenny honored him as a teacher. 蘭妮把他尊之為師。
（3）對…表示敬意， 紀(jì)念
Our government gave him a state banquet to honour his visit to china.
政府為他舉行了國宴，以表達(dá)對他中國之行的敬意。
10. point out: The teacher pointed out my mistake in the way of doing the problem.
老師指出了我在做題方法上的錯(cuò)誤。
I must point out that further delay would be unwise. 我必須指明再延誤就要吃大虧。
Point at 指著（人或物） point to ( 強(qiáng)調(diào)方向，并不一定指該物體)
Make a point 證明論點(diǎn)正確 to the point 正中要害 off the point 離題的
On the point of 正要--- There is no point in sth.(doing sth.) 做--- 沒有道理（必要）
I would see him pointing at me and then telling something to other guests.
我能看見他指著我然后對其他客人說了什么。
The hand of the clock pointed to twelve.
The is no point in getting upset with him. 跟他生氣沒有必要。
The lawyer was brief and to the point. 律師說話簡明扼要，直截了當(dāng)。
I was on the point of leaving when the telephone rang.
Project
Language points:
1. influence:
影響 v. My teacher influenced my decision to study science.
My father influenced me to accept this job. (促使)
權(quán)力，勢力 n.（over, with 連用）use one’s influence with sb. 利用（與某人的關(guān)系的）影響力
You have a curious influence over me. 你對我有一種全新的影響。
Will you use your influence to get me a job? 你能利用你的權(quán)力為我找個(gè)工作嗎？
影響力；感化力（on,upon 連用）Many a woman has influence upon her husband.
Under the influence of 在--- 的影響下
an active influence 積極的影響
Have a bad influence on 對--- 有不良影響
a far-reaching influence 深遠(yuǎn)的影響
注意：表示“有影響的人或事物”時(shí)，是可數(shù)的。
He is an influence for good in the town. 他是這城里能影響他人行善的人。
effect 著重強(qiáng)調(diào)所造成的結(jié)果
Hibernating animals can sleep throughout the winter without any ill effects.
冬眠的動(dòng)物可以睡過整個(gè)冬天而無不良結(jié)果。
Punishment has very little effect on him. 懲罰對他沒有什么用。
2. trade
n. 交易、買賣、貿(mào)易 a trade agreement between England and France
v. 進(jìn)行貿(mào)易 The early settlers traded copper for corn
Expressions: trade gap 貿(mào)易差額 trademark 商標(biāo)
trade price 批發(fā)價(jià) trade people 零售商
3. in return (for)
I don’t know what to do in return.
Mike, in return, told me his history.
When will you return me the book I lent you?(歸還)
He suddenly returned on a rainy night. (回來，回到)
I shall return to this point later in my lecture. 我還要回來講這個(gè)問題。
Not long after, he returned to his old habit. 沒過多久， 他又故態(tài)復(fù)萌了。
What will you do ______for his kindness?
A. in honor B. in return C. in name D. in general
4. unite (力量上或利益、目標(biāo)等方面的)聯(lián)合，側(cè)重（無形的、精神上的）團(tuán)結(jié)
It is the common interests that unite our two countries. 是共同的利益使我們兩國聯(lián)合起來。
Let’s unite in fighting poverty and disease. 讓我們同心協(xié)力擺脫貧困、戰(zhàn)勝疾病。
The teacher united our group to another one. 老師使我們組與另一組合并。
a united family 一個(gè)和諧團(tuán)結(jié)的家庭 make a united effort 作一致的努力
5. no more
Such a practice was no more. 這種習(xí)俗已經(jīng)不存在了。
He couldn’t lift the table and no more could I. (也不)
no more --- than He is no more capable of speaking English than I am. (都不會(huì))